W and Z bosons

The Higgs boson or God Particle was theorised 50 years ago by two physicists Francois Elgert and Peter Higgs. They were awarded with a Nobel Prize for confirming its existence on July 4th, 2012. It is possible further research will lead to major discoveries in the future of physics . The Higgs boson is known as the key to understanding why mass exists and how it was originally constructed. It should be further examined and studied. The Higgs boson and Higgs field have been explained many different

After the application of specific selection cuts, the VBF channel provides a particularly clean environment, not only for Higgs searches but also for the determination of Higgs boson couplings at the LHC [74]. Computations for total cross sections and differential distributions to Higgs production via VBF including NLO QCD and EW corrections have been presented in Refs. [39, 75] and are available in the form of flexible parton-level

2.1. The Lagrangian and its symmetries In classical dynamics, a system’s equations of motion can be derived from its Lagrangian, L; the difference between the kinetic and potential energies of the system, here denoted by T and V respectively. This is often given as a function of a set of generalized coordinates, qi , and their time derivatives, ˙qi . This treatment is sufficient to describe a discrete system of particles, however in order to properly describe a continuous system, the Lagrangian must

Gauge Bosons: Fundamental Interactions And Their Evolution Ray Sahab, Harpreet Kaur, Manish Rawat, Kanishka Kumar Singh Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee – 247667 Abstract In this paper, we study the four fundamental interactions, namely electromagnetic, weak, strong, and gravity separately along with its corresponding gauge boson; the theories of the four fundamental interactions and their evolution was studied carefully. We constrain ourselves to study the only

Particles are a very important part of this world. From the particles that make up all the humans in the world to the particles that make up the clothes we wear. Particles define the world we live in and everything we know about it. From the behavior of particles, scientists can determine many things about the world and the way it works. The simple definition of a particle is that it is a minute portion of matter. While not incorrect this answer lacks complexity. As was previously stated, particles

Neutrinos, which are quite similar to the electrons, are subatomic particles which come from the disintegration of radioactive substances. They are one of the few particles that make up the entire universe. They are considered the “baby” particles which have very little electric charge. Weak neutrinos can carry very large parts of information from the universe. Neutrinos have all the needed requirements to be considered in astronomy. They have been around since the birth of the universe. According

This past October of 2013, François Englert and Peter W. Higgs were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in Physics for 2013. “For the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider". Both Englert and Higgs proposed the theory of how particles acquire mass. It was 1964

The weak force, on the other hand, is associated with particles called W and Z bosons, very massive comparing to the other particles. The Higgs mechanism is thought to be responsible for this, now that the existence of the particle is a fact: if we recognize the existence of the Higgs field, the W and Z bosons mix with this field, acquiring mass, explaining the reason of why the W and Z bosons have mass. This unifies as well the electromagnetic and weak forces into the electroweak

However every so often a discovery is made, and an experiment goes perfectly right. The discovery of the Higgs Boson is that experiment. Well, metaphorically speaking it is. The universe and science lend themselves well to hyperbole however the truth is never so simple. The Higgs Boson is the fundamental particle that gives everything mass. The standard model of physics depends on the Higgs Bosons ' existence. The Standard Model is an explanation for how the building blocks of the universe interact with

What is the (next accessible) scale of new physics? We do not have a clear answer. We are living through a challenging and exciting era, in sharp contrast to the situation in the past (half) century in physics. The discovery of the Higgs boson, the determination of the non-zero $\theta_ {13} $ neutrino mixing parameter, the first detection of gravitation waves, and many significantly improved experimental probes for new physics beyond the standard model mark the great triumphs of our understandings