CJ 210 Project Template (1)

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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CJ 210 THE

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Accounting

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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CJ 210 Project Template Grant Proposal Statement of Need Ideological Influence on Professional Practice Goals and Programs There are 5 goals in sentencing deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, retribution, and restitution. “Deterrence is a goal of punishment designed to prevent others from committing similar crimes.” (Siegel,2017, pg.19). “Offenders are sentenced to prison to restrain them physically so during the time they are confirmed society is protected, a concept known as incapacitation.” (Siegel, 2017, pg. 21). “The rehabilitation aspect of sentencing suggests that people who violate the laws are “society’s victims” they have been mistreated by their family, forced to live in poverty, or suffered some life trauma that through no fault of their own has forced them into a life of crime. They will refrain from a further criminal activity if they can be successfully helped and treated rather than condemned and punished.” (Siegel, 2017, pg.22). Retribution prevent retaliation from the proper punishment for the crime they have committed and gives the family justice. Lastly restitution “The equity goal of punishment means that convicted offenders must pay back their victims for their loss, the juvenile system for cost related processing their cases, and society for the disruptions caused because of their crimes.” (Siegel, 2017, pg.24). Prison can foster rehabilitation by adding additional funding for more programs that would aid in helping these individuals. The second thing I believe is paying for and screening for better quality in the individuals they are hiring to run the facilities. Deterrence has two categories specific and general, general applies to a general population, and “The philosophy of specific deterrence focuses on the fact that individual offenders should learn firsthand that crime does not pay when they experience harsh criminal penalties.” (Siegel, 2017, pg.20). Impact of Sentencing Structures

These two charges have long-lasting effects on the individual’s life. Even if they receive these charges when they are younger, they will stay on their record for the rest of their lives. Felonies “Serious criminal offenses, such as murder, rape, kidnapping, arson, embezzlement, or armed robbery, that according to federal guidelines are punishable by imprisonment of a year or more or by death.” (Simmons, 2022). Misdemeanors are less serious crimes like petty theft and non- violent offenders. Misdemeanors are “Criminal offenses that are more serious than infractions but less serious than felonies.” (Simmons 2022). “Most crimes are misdemeanors and are typically punishable by fines, not more than one year of incarceration, or both.” (Simmons, 2022). Both felonies and misdemeanors can influence an individual getting a job, a house, a vote, and other things. Determinate and indeterminate sentences give defendants a fixed term of years, the maximum set-in law by the legislature, which is to be served by offenders sentenced to prison for a particular crime. If the law provides for a sentence of up to 20 years for robbery, the judge might sentence a repeat offender to a 15-year term. Yet, another robber with few violations might receive a more lenient sentence of 5 years.” (Siegel, 2017, pg. 47). Indeterminate sentence “Sentence that permits early release from a correctional institution after the offender has served a required minimum portion of his or her sentence.” (Siegel, 2017, pg.46). Invisible Punishment One of the civil liberty restrictions that convicted felons are faced with is that they are not allowed to vote and second is that they are unable to carry firearms. With the change in the gun laws in the state of Texas, a convicted felon can now possess a firearm in her/her home 5 years after completing their parole sentence. Private sector restrictions such as jobs like health care are off limits to felons.

Structure and Logistics of Correctional Facilities Processing Every prison has its intake process. This is the intake process for the state prison. Before an inmate is transferred to a state prison, he/she is at a local jail until he/she has been sentenced. Usually up to 45 days, they are transferred to a permanent prison facility. When the prisoner arrives at his/her permanent facility they are photographed, both hands and palms are fingerprinted, and they will be entered into a nationwide database. They go through mental and medical screenings, security screenings, and case management. The prisoner will get state-issued clothing and property. They gather all this information along with the inmate’s charges to see precisely where the prisoner’s placement will be and the level of security for the prisoner. “Their first experience usually occurs in a classification or reception center, where they are given a battery of psychological and intelligence tests and are evaluated based on their background, offense history, personality, and treatment needs. Specialists attempt to develop a profile that includes criminal and social history, education, job skills and work history, substance abuse, and health. Based on this information, an offender is assigned to the most appropriate custody classification and prison. Violent offenders, high-profile gang members, and hard-core and repeat offenders will usually go to the maximum-security unit. Offenders with learning disabilities may be assigned to an institution that specializes in educational services, offenders with mental disorders will be held in a facility that can provide psychiatric care, and so on.” (Siegel,2017). When the offender is nearing his sentence a discharge plan is created and there are meetings and things they must attend to prepare for their release date. The fourth amendment protects inmates from unreasonable search and seizures of their cells. The intake process is not part of that process. That is so that nothing illegal is brought into the facility.

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