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Hey Dr. G, I struggled to find that study in the text, so I just went with what I found online. Chapter 3 Part I
The purpose of the study "The Effect of Human Resource Investment in Internal Control on the Disclosure of Internal Control Weaknesses" conducted by Choi, Choi, Hogan, and Lee (2013) is to investigate the impact of human resource investment in internal control on the disclosure of internal control weaknesses. In other words, the researchers seek to understand if the allocation of human resources inside an organization affects the likelihood or extent to which internal control weaknesses are disclosed. This study likely examines the relationship between the investment in human resources, specifically in internal control roles, and the organization's transparency in reporting internal control deficiencies or weaknesses, which is a crucial aspect in corporate governance and financial reporting. The authors might be seeking to provide insights into how companies can enhance their internal control systems and disclosure practices (Choi et al., 2013).
Part II Choi, Choi, Hogan, and Lee (2013) conducted a quantitative study to evaluate "The Effect
of Human Resource Investment in Internal Control on the Disclosure of Internal Control Weaknesses." Here's a description of the design, methods, and approach used in the study:
Research Design: In order to test hypotheses and reach statistical conclusions, the study employs an empirical research design, which entails the collecting and analysis of numerical data. Specifically, because it looks at the relationship between variables at a single point in time,
it uses a cross-sectional research approach (Choi et al., 2013).
Data Collection: In order to carry out the study, the writers most likely gathered information from a selection of businesses or organizations. They may have obtained financial and internal control-related data for these organizations, which could have included information
regarding human resource investment in internal control as well as the disclosure of internal control flaws. Financial reports, disclosure statements, and perhaps surveys or questionnaires were used in the data collection procedure (Choi et al., 2013).
Variables and Hypotheses: The research is most likely based on a set of hypotheses. One or more of these theories may imply that a higher level of human resource investment in internal control is associated with a greater risk of exposing internal control weaknesses. The variables of interest include human resource investment and the disclosure of internal control deficiencies (Choi et al., 2013).
Data Analysis: The authors most likely analyzed the collected data using statistical techniques. This could include regression analysis or other statistical models to evaluate the relationship between human resource investment and the disclosure of internal control flaws. They may have additionally controlled for other factors that could have influenced the association (Choi et al., 2013).
Sample Selection: The study would have selected a sample of companies or organizations to analyze. The selection process is critical to ensuring that the sample is representative of the population or relevant to the research problem. Based on this sample, the
study's findings would then be generalized to a larger population
(Young, 2019).
Part III
Internal Controls:
Internal controls are a set of policies, processes, and practices that businesses
use to protect their assets, assure the integrity and reliability of their financial information, and ensure compliance with laws and regulations. These controls are an essential component of a company's governance structure, allowing it to reduce risks, prevent fraud, and improve operational efficiency. Internal controls include a wide range of operations in a business, including financial transactions, data security, and operational processes. They are essential for maintaining the integrity of financial reporting, which is vital for stakeholders like investors, creditors, and regulators (Kenton, 2023).
Importance of Understanding Internal Controls:
Understanding internal controls is crucial for several reasons. First and foremost, they help ensure the accuracy and reliability of financial reporting. Internal controls provide a system of checks and balances that help prevent errors, misstatements, and fraudulent activities in financial statements. This is particularly important because financial statements are the primary means through which organizations communicate their financial performance and position to external stakeholders. Reliable financial reporting is essential for investors and creditors to make informed decisions, and for regulators to assess compliance with accounting standards and regulations (Kenton, 2023).
Example of Internal Control Affecting Financial Reporting:
The segregation of duties is one example of an internal control that has a substantial impact on financial reporting. Segregation of duties is splitting responsibilities among multiple individuals or departments in order to avoid
any single individual from having too much control over a financial transaction. In the context of
accounts payable, for example, one person may be in charge of authorizing invoices, another of processing payments, and a third of balancing bank statements. Because no single person has
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Related Questions
According to Simon (1999) the most appropriate Lever of Control to address a lack of opportunity or
fear of risk is?
a.
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b.
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C.
Boundary Systems.
d.
Diagnostic Control Systems.
e.
Short- and Long-Term Incentive Systems.
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Adequate project controls like SPI and CPI have the
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a. holding people accountable
b. Prevent small problems from getting large
c. making the work of accounting department easier
d. both A and B are correct
C. A,B and C are all correct
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When using test data, why are audit teams required to prepare only one transaction to test each IT control?a. The speed and efficiency of the computer results in reduced sample sizes.b. The risk of misstatement is typically lower in an IT environment.c. Audit teams generally perform more extensive substantive testing in an IT environment, resulting in less need to test processing controls.d. In an IT environment, each transaction is handled in an identical manner.
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21. The following criterion apply when designing a substantive analytical procedure
(SAP). Which is unique to an SAP designed using data analytics?
(Select the best answer.)
a. The nature of the assertion
b. o The tool used to create the analytic
c. The availability and reliability of the data
d.
The precision of the expectation
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b) Over the years, researchers have carried out a large number of studies in an
attempt to gather evidence in favour and against the prediction and implications
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analysis of large sets of data (for example through regressions) or on surveys
targeting top executives. What are the main findings that seem to be consistent
with the pecking order theory? What are the main findings that are arguably
inconsistent with the theory? Discuss these two questions. [Word limit: 500
words]
c) Some economists argue that capital structure decisions are affected by the
costs of financial distress that firms face. What are these costs exactly and why
are they important to firms? Describe the different types of financial distress
costs and explain how they may determine whether a firm raises equity or debt
capital. In your answer, you should also refer to academic studies that provide
estimates of the magnitude of distress…
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fill all requirements please?
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Give correct typing answer with explanation and conclusion
Are the additional costs of implementing internal controls worth it? Why or why not?
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Solve the quations:
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The question is :
Create a risk register for the project. Identify six potential risks, including risks related to the problems described in the previous paragraph. Include negative and positive risks.
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2. What does the control environment comprise?
3. What are control activities? What types of control activities are present in a well-designed system of internal controls?
4. When are monitoring activities most effective? Who performs monitoring activities? What distinguishes separate evaluations from ongoing monitoring activities?
5. How does internal auditors' perspective of internal control differ from management's perspective?
6. How does COSO define risk? How does ISO define risk?
7. What are the five COSO ERM components? 8. How does COSO define risk appetite?
9. What are some ERM assurance activities the internal audit function may perform? What are some ERM consulting activities the internal audit function may perform if appropriate safeguards are implemented? What ERM activities should the internal audit function not perform?
10. What are COSO's five categories of risk…
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CIO: The way to go about the analysis is to first examine the old system, such as reviewing key documents and observing the workers performing their tasks. Then we can determine which aspects are working well and which should be preserved.
MD: We have been through these types of projects before, and what always ends up happening is that we do not get the new system we are promised. Instead we get a modified version of the old system.
CIO: I can assure you that will not happen this time. My team just want a thorough understanding of what is working well and what is not.
MD: I would feel much more comfortable if we first started with a list of our requirements. We should spend more time in determining what exactly we want the system to do upfront. Then your team can come in and determine…
arrow_forward
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CIO: The way to go about the analysis is to first examine the old system, such as reviewing key documents and observing the workers performing their tasks. Then we can determine which aspects are working well and which should be preserved.
MD: We have been through these types of projects before, and what always ends up happening is that we do not get the new system we are promised. Instead we get a modified version of the old system.
CIO: I can assure you that will not happen this time. My team just want a thorough understanding of what is working well and what is not.
MD: I would feel much more comfortable if we first started with a list of our requirements. We should spend more time in determining what exactly we want the system to do upfront. Then your team can come in and determine…
arrow_forward
23.
Which of the following are common issues with benchmarking tool used by internal auditors?
Group of answer choices
Benchmarking information is often proprietary and organizations are reluctant to share it with other organizations.
Benchmarking need face-to-face contact or discussion with other organizations
Benchmarking can show areas of excellence within the organization but internal audits should focus on exception-based reporting
Typical metrics used in benchmarking are time, quality, and cost
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