Module 7 quiz

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Johns Hopkins University *

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Aerospace Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Module 7 quiz: 1- Which side of the heart handles de-oxygenated blood? Left Right 2- The fact that the ventricular wall has a variable (and controllable) rate of relaxation is called: Lusitropy Inotropy Dromotropy Chronotropy 3- On the Wiggers diagram, what is the term for the peak volume on the left ventricular volume tracing? End-systolic volume End-diastolic volume Maximal volume Filled volume 4- Which valve acts as the outflow valve for the left ventricle? Aortic valve Pulmonary valve Tricuspid valve Mitral valve/bicuspid valve 5- Which chamber of the heart generates the highest pressures during contraction? Right atrium Left atrium Right ventricle Left ventricle 6- Which phase of the cardiac cycle involves the ventricles contracting isometrically as they work to generate enough force to open the outflow valve into the circulation? Isovolumic contraction Ejection Isovolumic relaxation Diastole 7- On the Wiggers diagram, what is the short phase represented by a rapid and significant increase in left ventricular pressure during which left ventricular volume does not change? Systolic ejection Diastolic rapid inflow Isovolumic contraction Isovolumic relaxation 8- Into what chamber of the heart does blood flow when it is returning from circulating through the lungs for oxygenation? Right atrium Right ventricle Left atrium Left ventricle 9- Veins always carry de- oxygenated blood. True False 10- In the cardiac cycle, when does blood normally flow into the left ventricle? Isovolumic contraction Ejection Isovolumic relaxation Ventricular filling 11- ___ is the term for contraction in the heart, while ____ is the term for relaxation in the heart. Systole, diastole Diastole, systole Constriction, dilation Contraction, relaxation 12- On the left-ventricular pressure-volume loop, what phase of the cardiac cycle corresponds with the vertical segment on the left side of the loop? Isovolumic contraction Ejection Isovolumic relaxation Diastole 13- The degree of stretch experienced by resting heart muscle is called: Preload Afterload Contractility 14- Which of the following determinants of stroke volume has an inverse relationship with stroke volume? Preload Afterload Contractility 15- When a heart valve allows blood to flow backwards through it, this is called: Stenosis Regurgitation Reverse gradient flow Preload 16- In which direction does time proceed on a left-ventricular pressure-volume loop? (i.e., in which direction do you read the loop?) Clockwise Counterclockwise

Module 7 quiz: 17- What does the slope of the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) on a left- ventricular pressure-volume loop signify? Wall stiffness in the contracted ventricle Afterload Blood pressure Preload Wall stiffness in the relaxed ventricle 18- On the left-ventricular pressure-volume loop, what phase of the cardiac cycle corresponds with the somewhat horizontal segment across the top of the loop? Isovolumic contraction Ejection Isovolumic relaxation Diastole 19- Which of the following determinants of stroke volume is determined by the intracellular availability of Ca2+? Preload Afterload Contractility 20- On the Wiggers diagram, when pressure tracings cross (i.e., when pressure gradients reverse themselves), what cardiac event does this represent? The ventricle is filling The atrium is contracting A valve is changing position The ventricle is repolarizing 21- Which law of the heart articulates the relationship between preload and stroke volume? Hagen-Poiseuille Laplace Frank-Starling Moens-Korteweg 22- Which valve acts as the inflow valve for the right ventricle? Aortic valve Pulmonary valve Tricuspid valve Mitral valve/bicuspid valve 23- Which of these phases of the cardiac cycle is static, i.e., no visible movement? (Check all that apply.) Isovolumic contraction Ejection Isovolumic relaxation Ventricular filling

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