module4problem.docx

Anatomy of the Skeleton Part I 1. What is the function of the flat bones? Produce red blood cells; protection of internal organs (skull protects the brain). 2. Describe the shape of a long bone and what its design allows. Long and thin; designed to support body weight and enable movement 3. Name the five basic bone shapes. Long, flat, short, irregular, and sesamoid. 4. What term best describes a hollow chamber in bone, usually filled with air? Sinus 5. True or false: A sulcus is a raised ridge in bone. False 6. What division of the skeleton lies along the midline? Axial 7. True or false: Fontanelles are present in adults. False 8. What two bones of the cranium lie primarily within the skull? The sphenoid and the ethmoid bones

9. True or false: The frontal bone is a paired bone of the cranium. False 10. Which bone contains the foramen magnum? The occipital bone 11. What is the purpose of the foramen magnum? The spinal cord passes to become the brain stem 12. Review bone landmarks on the occipital bone. 13. Sinusitis is an infection of the _______________. Sinuses Label Insert Figure here:

14. 1- Mastoid foramen 4- Carotid canal 10- Carotid canal 11- External acoustic meatus 15. What is the function of the nasal conchae? The nasal conchae act to swirl the air as it is breathed in through the nasal passages, helping to warm and humidify the air before it enters the lower respiratory system. 16. What are the only unpaired bones of the facial skeleton? The mandible and the vomer 17. What bone forms the anterior portion of the hard palate? The maxilla

18. Label cranial and facial skeleton See figures in module 19. True or false: A typical spine is completely straight when standing vertically. False (note the typical curvatures in a spinal column) 20. True or false: The vertebral body is located anteriorly and can be palpated along the surface of the back. False (located anteriorly, but the spinous processes are the structures that can be palpated along the surface of the back) 21. The vertebrae fit together to protect the ________, located in the vertebral canal. The spinal cord 22. True or False: A typical thoracic vertebra has a bifid spinous process. False 23. What is the purpose of transverse foramina in cervical spinal vertebrae? Passage of vertebral arteries and veins 24. What region of the spine contains costal facets? Thoracic 25. What is the purpose of costal facets? articulations with ribs 26. Which region of the spine has the largest vertebral bodies? Lumbar 27. The line along the midline of the sacrum is called the Median sacral crest. 28. True or False: Ribs 11 and 12 have no posterior attachment to the thoracic vertebrae

False 29. True or false: Anteriorly, the clavicle connects to the scapula. False 30. True or false: The medial border of the scapula connects directly to the neck of the scapula. False 31. True or false: The subscapular fossa is located on the anterior side of the scapula. True 32. Scapular bone landmarks See figures in module 33. Why is the glenohumeral joint prone to dislocation? The glenoid cavity is very shallow and much smaller than the head of the humerus. The humerus needs to be held to the shallow glenoid cavity by the rotator cuff muscles and other ligaments 34. The capitulum articulates with a small portion of the ______________. Radius 35. True or false: The lateral epicondyle of the humerus can be palpated on the medial side of the arm at the elbow. False 36. humerus bone landmarks. See figures in module of the humerus. 37. What is the prominent bone that can be palpated in the elbow posteriorly? Ulna 38. What structures connects the ulna and radius along their shafts?

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