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OVERVIEW OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Irmportance studying Anatomy and Physiology e foundation for Nursing students because it will provide the basis for understanding a disease e with a solid understanding, it will help to analyze questions and solve problems. It would also useful to distinguish between medical and harmful treatments Human Anatomy and Physiology e study of the structure and function of human body ANATOMY e derived from the Greek word tomy (to cut) and ana(apart) e Study of body structures, the microscopic organization, and the development processes e Examines the relationship between structure of the body part and its function 2 MAJOR AREAS OF SPECTALIZATION A Macroscopic Anatomy Gross anatomy- ic the study of the larger e Macro means ‘*large’ structures of the body, those visble without the aid o Also referred to as gross anatomy of magnification Examples: heart and bones B. Microscopic Anatomy o Micro means *small* o the study of structures that can be observed only with the use of @ microscope or other magnification devices. o Examples: Cells and tissues Studying regional anatomy helps us m‘. APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF AMTM appreciate the interrelationships of L Systemic Anatomy - study of the body by system. body structures, such os how 2 Regional anatomy - study of the organization of the body by muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and other structures work together fo areas. serve a parTicular body region. GENERAL WAYS TO EXAMINE THE INTERNAL STRUCTURES OF A LIVING PERSON L. Surface Anatomy the study of external features, such as bony projections which serve as landmarks for locating deeper structures. 2. Anatomical Imaging involves the use of x-rays, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other technologies to create pictures of internal structures PHYSIOLOGY e Study of how the body and its parts work or function o (physio= nature; ology= the study of) For examples: Neurophysiology explains the workings of the nervous system; Cardiac physiology studies the function of the heart. SUBDIVISIONS THAT EMPHASIZE SPECIFIC ORGANIZATIONAL LEVELS: L Cellular Physiology o the biclogical study of the activities that take place in a cell To keep it dlive. 2. Systemic Physiology o the study of the functions of specific organs.