Musculoskeletal anatomy week 1

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The University of Newcastle *

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Course

1108

Subject

Anatomy

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Hubs 1108 Musculoskeletal anatomy Objectives Consider why anatomy will be important to you  Understand what anatomy is  Describe the “anatomical position”  Commence using the language of anatomy ◦ Apply the correct anatomical terminology and descriptive terms when describing the human body  planes, sections, directional terms, and movements ◦ Be able to define “these” terms ◦ State the plane in which the following movements occur:  flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation what anatomy is the study of the structure of the body part and their relationships to one another anatomical language descriptive: e.g., tibialis anterior, ulnar nerve o location o arrangement/ structure o size o action o origin o insertion anatomical plans

Hubs 1108 Anatomical sections Directional terms

Hubs 1108 Movement terminology Skeleton and bones Objectives  Describe the two main divisions of the skeleton ◦ List the components of the axial and appendicular skeleton ◦ Describe the functions of these divisions  List the structures that make up the skeletal system ◦ Bones  Define the principle types of bone that form the bony skeleton  Understand bone structure, growth, and remodelling

Hubs 1108  Be able to label the anatomical components of a long bone  Describe the principle types of bone markings – bone terminology ◦ Cartilage  Describe the three types of cartilage and their function, give examples ◦ Define ‘ligament’ and ‘tendon’ Body tissue o epithelial o nervous o muscle what we focus on o connective the skeleton functions o support/framework o movement o protection o production of blood cells o storage of minerals skeletal systems is made of  bones  cartilage  ligament & tendons separated into axial (green) and appendicular (beige) Axial skeleton  80 bones 40% of the body  Lie around longitudinal axis (inferior &superior)  Skull and associated bones, vertebral Colum, thorax  Maintain posture  Protect vital organs  Participates in vital function respiration  Stabilise and position structure od appendicular Appendicular skeleton  126 bones upper/lower limps and girdle  Upper limp mobility (manipulation of object)  Lower limb -stability -locomotion. Weight bearing & strength (walking and running) BONES Types of bones Long bones

Hubs 1108  Longer than width  Dear a lot of weight  E.g., humerous Flat bones  Protects vital organs  Provides surface for large muscles attachment  E.g., scull, ribs Short bones  Width and length similar  Stability and support with little movement  E.g., caral bones Irregular bones  Don’t fit in other categories  Maybe muscle attachment and protection  E.g., vertebra Sesamoid bone  Embedded in a tendon  Addition leverage  E.g., sutural bone (in skull)  E.g., patella Accessory bone  Addition bones in some people Bone structure; strong hard, lightweight  30% organic components o Flexible o Collogen o Resilience & toughness o Fracture resistance and tensile strength  Inorganic 70% o Minerals and salt o Calcium phosphate

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