Ch 1-The Human Body

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School

CUNY Kingsborough Community College *

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Course

1200

Subject

Anatomy

Date

Oct 30, 2023

Type

pptx

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Uploaded by BrigadierOpossumMaster720

The Human Body Chapter 1

Anatomy vs. Physiology • Anatomy : the various structures of the body, and their relationship to one another • Gross anatomy: structures visible to the naked eye • Regional vs. systemic anatomy • Microscopic anatomy: structures that are microscopic • Cytology vs. histology • Physiology : how these individual body parts work (or function) on a normal level • Most often considered at the cellular/molecular level • Principle of Complementarity of Structure and Function • What a structure can do is dependent on its form • How does this principle relate to anatomy and physiology?

Structural Organization of the Human Body • 1) Chemical level • Atoms combine to form molecules • 2) Cellular level • The smallest unit of life • 3) Tissue level • Aggregations of living cells that carry out a similar function • Four basic types: muscle, epithelial, nervous, and connective • What is the difference between a cell and a tissue ?

Structural Organization of the Human Body (continued) • 4) Organ level • Two (or more) tissues operate together to perform a certain function • What is the difference between a tissue and an organ ? • 5) Organ system level • Multiple organs work together to accomplish a purpose • What is the difference between an organ and an organ system ? • 6) Organismal level • All organ systems working together to keep the organism alive • What is the difference between an organ system and an organism ?

Necessary Life Functions • 1) Maintaining boundaries • At the cellular level, and at the organismal level • What are examples at these 2 levels ?? • 2) Movement • Cooperation of skeletal and muscular systems to coordinate actions • Can be conscious movements, or not • What is an example of this life function ?

Necessary Life Functions (continued) • 3) Responsiveness • Sensing environmental changes and responding to them • Nervous system is primarily involved with excitability • 4) Digestion • Food is broken down to simple molecules to be absorbed to blood and delivered to various tissues • 5) Metabolism • Catabolism, anabolism, and cellular respiration • What is an example of this life function ?

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