BIOL125 Lab 8 Activities

AR——— Pharynx The pharynx consists of three sections: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx (Figure 5.4). The nasopharynx conducts only air and is continuous with the nasal cavity. Other structures associated with the nasopharynx include the opening to the pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube from the middle ear, and pharyngeal tonsils. The oropharynx is continuous with and posterior to the oral cavity. Included in this region are the palatine and lingual tonsils. The laryngopharynx s continuous with the larynx. Both the oropharynx and laryngopharynx serve as a passageway for food, liquids, and air. Opening of auditory tube v‘%\_}/ Pharyngeal tonsil Nasopharynx Palatine tonsil Lingual tonsil g’ Oral cavity 3 L‘ i Oropharynx 3 Y |6 5 — Epiglottis 'g ,’a (L '\ Laryngopharynx 5 mw Esophagus Figure 5.4. Structures of the pharynx, midsagittal view. Activity - Model View the Head (sagittal view) model provided and label each of the following upper respiratory structures as you identify it on the model. Frontatsiras -Nasalconchae—superior,middte;inferior— Sphenoid-sinus. W1} The Respiratory System | Unit 5 Scanned with CamScanner

Activity-Model %vfjlouis Identify the following structures on the larynx model provided and answer the following questions. N l‘— 4 Trachea Vestipudar folds Ve olds The superior region of the trachea is also part of this model. Note the C-shaped cartilaginous rings of the trachea. 1. What type of tissue is the epiglottis? QJCL\M( 2 CQA(:MOCAQ/ 2. What is the function of the epiglottismp& oblilu o hgg“".b t ’P’D}C{ J i:-’lj\ [Odyr\x J . 3. What type of tissue is the thyroid cartilage? b:)fl\ ne (’Qr“ | \O{é 2 Il. Lower Respiratory Structures Trachea The trachea conducts air between the larynx and airways of the lung. It contains C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings known as tracheal cartilages. It branches into successively smaller airways resembling and commonly referred to as the “bronchial tree” (Figure 5.6). Tracheal (hyaline) cartilages Trachea © Blamb/Shutterstock.com Bronchial tree Figure 5.6. The trachea and branching of the bronchial tree. ;78] The Respiratory System | Unit5 Scanned with CamScanner 8243343 A242A230AAAAAAAAAARARR0R0081210

BIOL125 LAB [ERES) | sioLi03 EZ)) | = OurOpportunit x | @ BrowseScholar: x | [fl] Content X Flippity.net:Ma+ x + & > C a flippity.net/ma.php?k=1GUiyLr466qeGGQTiIFWJzd63DQZRTis11dKUkIVm-8Wg e O %« % 0 e © Yourube | Netfix [J Huu [ Max D.Disney+ (@ Crunchyroll N ParamountPlus @ Spotify & Home|GeorgeM.. [] Blackboard / PatriotWeb &J Mason360 1y Workday — < AP g - - P e G ' Ifisal Cavity --> ] {Nasopharynx --> | | Oropharynx —>| |Laryngophaxynx --> J [Larynx -->l lTrachea > | : |Primary bronchus --> | | Secondary bronchus -->—| |Tertiary bronchus --> | (Multiple smaller bronchi --> I l Bronchiole --> | == ITerminal bronchiole --> ] lRespiratory bronchiole --> | lAlveolar duct -i] [Aleveolar sac -->J [Alveolus --> l [ Flinnths Manioulatives a2 Cooynaht® 2019-2022 Fliooitv net. All Riahts Reserves Scanned with CamScanner

Anterior 7 s C-shaped hyaline 3 cartilage ring Lumen of the trachea Pscudostratlfied ciliated 51 i ( '/J'.- ("{'; * Trachealis muscle Nonkeratinized stratified squamous Posterior Figure 5.14. Trachea and esophagus, cross-section, micrograph. © Jose Luis Calvo/Shutterstock.com What type of cartilage are the C-shaped cartilage rings? Cr‘ CD\d C&fl ‘\0\8[ What is the function of the goblet cells in the epithelium? ’\' 0 QYN g1 ‘\' "\,\-QL QL)(fQ(L . What type of muscle is the trachealis? %W\OOW\ YN\ Mle/ What is the functional significance of this muscle in the wall of the trachea? event the =t dodion of the. wall fiom hU\O’f\nfl ™Mo e cnvwcij lwnen. 8 Bronchi, Bronchioles and Alveoli The major histological features of the bronchi are ciliated epithelium, plates of hyaline cartilage and some smooth muscle. As they branch into bronchioles, the cilia and cartilage become absent, and the presence of smooth muscle is more dominant. Figure 5.15 provides a comparison between these two airways. The Respiratory System | Unit5 Scanned with CamScanner

Respiratory bronchiole Alveolus ©Tophatmonocle Corp. Erythrocytes in capillary Simple squamous epithelium b) b Figure 5.16. Histology of lung tissue: a) 40X, b) 400X. Using Figure 5.15 and Figure 5.16 as references, view the microscope slide of lung tissue and answer the following questions. Do the bronchioles have cartilage? NC) How does the relationship between cartilage and smooth muscle change as the airways get smaller? Mmg%mm_cmmh&mnwwo Thoxrecsed What are the components of the respiratory membrane? ARG , ; : Qo epunelied Cell & mYu\moncoS CCQ\\XC% Cel\ 9¥2: 8 The Respiratory System | Unit5 Scanned with CamScanner