Physiology+1021+midterm+2+Sample+Exam+2021 (4)

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Western University *

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1021

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Anatomy

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Dec 6, 2023

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DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY 1021 SAMPLE EXAM 1 hour exam DIRECTIONS FOR MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS AN HB PENCIL MUST BE USED TO FILL IN THE OVALS ON THE SCANTRON. OVALS MUST BE COMPLETELY FILLED IN. A DOT IN THE MIDDLE OF THE OVAL OR A LINE THROUGH THE OVAL WILL NOT BE READ BY THE SCANNER. A WHITE NYLON ERASER MUST BE USED TO MAKE ANY CHANGES. ERASE COMPLETELY AND CAREFULLY. DIRECTIONS FOR FILLING THE TOP HALF OF THE SCANTRON 1. PRINT YOUR NAME, THE COURSE NAME, THE COURSE NUMBER AND SIGN YOUR NAME. 2. (a) Under the heading STUDENT NUMBER , RECORD ALL nine (9) digits of your student number. Fill in the ovals completely and accurately . Remember that the scanner will read the ovals so if you fill in an incorrect oval, your student number will appear incorrectly on the computer printout. (b) Fill in the Exam Code number below in the CODE section on the Scantron sheet 222 (c) Fill in the section code number on the Scantron sheet as 021 Cell Phone and Device Policy The Department of Physiology and Pharmacology is committed to ensuring that testing and evaluation are undertaken fairly. For all tests and exams, it is the policy of the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology that any devices with a battery (e.g. cell phone, tablet, camera, watch, smart watch, ipod, ear buds) of ANY kind are strictly prohibited. These devices MUST be left either at home or with the student’s bag/jacket at the front of the room and MUST not be at the test/exam desk or in the individual’s pocket. Any student found with one of these prohibited devices will receive a grade of zero on the test or exam. The Department of Physiology and Pharmacology is not responsible for stolen/lost or broken devices. Non-programmable calculators are allowed on this exam. I understand that cell phones, watches and other devices are absolutely prohibited during this exam. By signing below, I acknowledge that I will receive a zero on this exam if I’m found to have a cell phone, watch or other prohibited device. YOUR NAME: YOUR SIGNATURE: Make sure that this examination booklet contains 35 questions, 10 pages (including this one). Do not sit near anyone you’ve studied with! It is your responsibility to make sure no one can see your answers! Keep them covered up! Any concerns about a question or wording, please write them in this box for Dr. Beye to review.

DIRECTIONS: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four suggested answers or completions. Select the ONE that is BEST in each case and blacken the appropriate space on the Scantron sheet. Page 2 of 10 1. Why does the fovea have a high visual acuity? A. photoreceptors are neurons in the fovea B. very few photoreceptors converge on a single ganglion cell C. photoreceptors in the fovea are larger than in the periphery D. photoreceptors are exclusively rods in the fovea 2. You find out that you have sensorineural hearing loss. How would you explain this type of hearing loss to friends? A. this was caused by rupturing of the eardrum B. this was caused by damage to the cochlear nucleus C. this was caused by medication that damaged the hair cells D. this was caused by a head injury that destroyed the auditory cortex 3. Which statement about Parkinson’s disease is INCORRECT ? A. dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta are lost B. typical symptoms are tremor at rest and slowness of movement C. activity in the globus pallidus internal segment is increased D. activity in motor cortex is increased 4. Which statement about muscle receptors is INCORRECT? A. 1b afferent neurons send tonic information to the spinal cord B. 1b afferent neurons innervate extrafusal muscle fibers C. the cell bodies of 1b neurons are located in dorsal root ganglions D. gamma motor neurons innervate intrafusal muscle fibers 5. Which of the following concerning the peripheral efferent nerves of the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic (PSNS) pathways is INCORRECT ? A. all preganglionic neurons of both SNS and PSNS release acetylcholine (Ach) B. all postganglionic neurons of both SNS and PSNS release norepinephrine (NE) C. the SNS preganglionic neuron to the adrenal gland releases Ach D. preganglionic neurons in the SNS are shorter than those in the PSNS 6. In a rest-and-digest situation, the parasympathetic nervous system will do all of the following EXCEPT: A. increases bile secretion B. increases insulin release C. constricts the pupils of the eye D. produces a thick mucus saliva

DIRECTIONS: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four suggested answers or completions. Select the ONE that is BEST in each case and blacken the appropriate space on the Scantron sheet. Page 3 of 10 7. Which of the following concerning tropomyosin is correct? A. it covers the actin binding site found on the myosin heads B. it covers the myosin binding site found on actin C. it is a rod-shaped protein to which Ca ++ can directly bind D. it is held in place by titin 8. Which of the following is correct concerning the neuromuscular junction? A. the axon terminal contains chemically gated channels B. the end plate of the muscle cell contains channels that allow Ca ++ to flow into the cell C. there are voltage gated channels located on the axon terminal and the end plate of the muscle cell D. the axon terminal is thrown into folds to increase its surface area 9. Which of the following list of muscle structures is arranged correctly from largest to smallest? A. fascicle – myofilament – muscle fiber – myofibril - myosin B. muscle fiber – fascicle – myofibril – myofilament - myosin C. fascicle – muscle fiber – myofibril – myofilament - myosin D. fascicle – muscle fiber – myofilament – myofibril - myosin 10. During the actin-myosin ATP cycle, which event follows immediately after the power stroke? A. the ADP molecule is released B. the P i molecule is released C. the crossbridges break D. ATP attaches to the myosin head and is hydrolyzed 11. Which of the following occurs during the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction? A. the thick myofilaments shorten B. both the thin and thick myofilaments shorten C. the thin myofilaments shorten D. the sarcomeres shorten

DIRECTIONS: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four suggested answers or completions. Select the ONE that is BEST in each case and blacken the appropriate space on the Scantron sheet. Page 4 of 10 12. Which of the following events occur during excitation contraction coupling? A. after being generated at the neuromuscular junction, the action potential travels down the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) B. Ca ++ release channels open when the action potential travels over the SR C. voltage sensors detect the action potential and pulls tropomyosin off the myosin binding sites D. Ca ++ is pumped back into the SR by active transport 13. Which of the following contributes to the pacemaker potential in the cells of the sinoatrial (SA) node? A. Ca ++ leaking into the SA nodal cells B. leakage of K + into the SA nodal cells C. leakage of Na + out of the SA nodal cells D. all the above are correct 14. Cardiac muscle cells are different from skeletal muscle cells because the cardiac muscle cells….. A. are longer and branched compared to skeletal muscle B. contains less mitochondria but more ATP than skeletal muscle C. can propagate action potentials from cell-to-cell D. are not striated while skeletal muscle is striated 15. Which of the following statements about the heart is correct? A. the atrioventricular (AV) valves prevent the blood from flowing back into the aorta when the ventricles contract B. the pulmonary valve prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle when the ventricle relaxes C. the sinoatrial (SA) node is located in the left atrium D. the AV ring prevents blood from flowing back into the atria when the ventricles contract 16. When does the left atrioventricular (AV) valve close? A. when the atrial pressure is greater than the ventricular pressure B. when the aortic pressure is greater than the ventricular pressure C. immediately after the P wave occurs D. just after the atria have finished contracting

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