Less useful anatomy MCQs.docx

Question 1 Which of the following statements is correct regarding the newborn skull? Your answer was correct ° A The posterior fontanelle has as its borders the occipital,parietal,temporal bones ° B The anterior fontanelle has as its borders the frontal,parietal,temporal,sphenoid bones ° C The bones of the skull develop by intramembranous ossification and by endochondral ossification Correct Answer ° D The skull has similar vertical proportions to the adult Explanation The bones of the calvaria develop by intramembranous ossification and most parts of the cranial base by endochondral ossification. The anterior fontanelle is bounded by the halves of the frontal bones anteriorly and the parietal bones posteriorly. The posterior fontanelle is triangular and is bounded by the parietal bones anteriorly and the occipital bone posteriorly Question 2 Regarding ossification centres, which of the following statements is correct? Your answer was not correct ° A The capitate ossifies at 10 years Your Answer ° B The medial epicondyle fuses at 20 years Correct

Answer ° C The two centres of radius ossify by 15years ° D The pisiform ossifies by the end of the 1st year Explanation The capitate bone ossifies first (within the first year) and the pisiform ossifies by year 10. The medial epicondyle fuses at 20yrs. The radius starts ossifying in cartilage form a centre in the middle of the shaft at the eigth week. There are secondary centres for the head and the lower end. The upper epiphysis fuses at about 15yrs and the lower epiphysis at about 20yrs Question 3 Which bones form the borders of the anterior fontanelle in an infant? Your answer was correct ° A 2 frontals, 2 parietal bones Correct Answer ° B 1 frontal, 2 parietals and the squamous bones ° C 2 frontal, 2 temporal and the occipital bones ° D 1 frontal, 1 parietal and 2 frontal bones Explanation The anterior fontanelle lies between four bones. The 2 parietal bones bound it behind, the two halves of the frontal bone lie in front. It overlies the superior saggital dural venous sinus. The anterior fontanelle is usually not palpable after the age of 18 months.

Question 4 Which bone in a child is the same size as adult at birth? Your answer was not correct ° A Auditory ossicles Correct Answer ° B Parietal bone ° C Ethmoid bone Your Answer ° D Squamous bone Explanation The auditory ossicles are present and take on their characteristic adult shape and size between 9-15foetal weeks Question 5 Regarding the ureters, which of the following statements is correct? Your answer was correct ° A They pass under the cover of the psoas muscle ° B They are crossed by the gonadal vessels Correct Answer ° C They cross over the vas deferens ° D They are crossed by the genitofemoral nerve

Explanation The ureters are crossed by the vas deferens and they cross over the genitofemoral nerve. They pass on top of the psoas muscle Question 6 Which of the following is the main vessel supplying the body of the pancreas? Your answer was correct ° A Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery ° B Splenic artery Correct Answer ° C Left gastric artery ° D Left gastroepiploic artery Explanation The superior pancreaticoduodenal supplies the head of the pancreas Question 7 Which of the following is the highest branch of the abdominal aorta? Your answer was not correct ° A Left gonadal artery

° B Right suprarenal artery Your Answer ° C Inferior phrenic artery Correct Answer ° D Left renal artery Explanation The inferior phrenic arteries are the first branches of the abdominal aorta, and may rise by a common stem just above the coeliac trunk. They give off small suprarenal branches Question 8 Which of the following staements is correct regarding the duodenum? Your answer was not correct ° A Is a retro-peritoneal structure ° B Is 25cm in length Correct Answer ° C Lies between the levels of L2-L4 ° D In its 4th part, it lies to the right of the aorta Your Answer Explanation Only the first 2cm of the superior part is covered by peritoneum (mobile). The distal 3cm of the first part witht the rest of the perironeum is retroperitoneal (immobile). The duodenum lies between L1-L3 and the 4th part is to the left of the aorta. Question 9

Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the appendix? Your answer was correct ° A Usually lies in a retroileal position ° B Drains to inguinal nodes ° C Has no mesentry ° D Opens into the caecum 2 cm below the ileocaecal valve Correct Answer Explanation The apendix usually lies in the retrocecal position (64%) in the healthy person, draining to the ileocolic and superior mesenteric lymph nodes. Other appendix positions- Pelvic appendix-20%. Retroileal-0.5% Question 10 In relation to the stomach, which of the following statements is false? Your answer was not correct ° A It is completely invested by peritoneum Your Answer ° B The cardia is situated at T12 Correct Answer ° C The pyloric opening is at L1 ° D It is supplied by branches of the coeliac trunk Explanation

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