Unit 1 Anatomy Homework - Alyssa Pimienta

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Biola University *

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Anatomy

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Jan 9, 2024

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Name: Alyssa Pimienta Due Date: 9/29/20 Intro to Anatomy 1. What are some ways we can study gross (macroscopic) anatomy? a. Regional anatomy b. Systemic anatomy c. Surface anatomy 2. What are some ways we can study microscopic anatomy? What do these subdivisions study? a. Cytology - study of cells b. Histology - study of tissues 3. Describe the structural hierarchy of the human body starting with atoms • Chemical level • Cellular level • Tissue level • Organ level • Organ system level • Organismal level 4. What are the four main tissues that we find in the body? a. Epithelial tissue b. Connective tissue c. Muscle tissue d. N ervous tissue 5. What is the anatomical term for the thumb? Pollex 6. If a patient would have an injury to crural region, where would that be? Lower leg a. … the mental region? The chin 7. Cutting the body along the median plane produces a(n) Midsaggital section 8. Cutting the body horizontally produces a(n) Transverse section
9. Describe the anatomical directional terms a. Median - refers to a position closest to the patient’s midline b. Lateral - refers to a position furthest from the midline c. Superficial - refers to a position closest to the body's surface d. Anterior - refers to a position closer to the front of the patient e. Distal - further from the point of origin 10. Describe the basic function of the digestive system? It breaks down food into small absorbable units and undigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces 11. Describe the basic function of the endocrine system? Glands secrete hormones that regulate growth, reproduction, and nutrient use. 12. Define homeostasis The state of steady internal, physical, chemical, and social conditions maintained by living systems. 13. What is the difference between negative vs. positive feedback? Give examples of each N egative feedback is a regulatory mechanism that works to maintain stability and restore equilibrium in a system. An example of negative feedback is the human body uses negative feedback to regulate temperature. Positive feedback amplifies the effects of a change or disturbance in a system rather than opposing it, often leading to an escalating or reinforcing cycle. An example of positive feedback is the process of childbirth. 14. What are the two division of the dorsal body cavity? And what anatomical structures do they contain? a. Cranial cavity - contains the brain b. Vertebral cavity - contains the spinal cord 15. What serous membranes are associated with the lungs? Pleura a. … the heart? Pericardium b. … the intestines? Peritoneum
Cells 1. Name all the labeled intracellular organelles in this image. 2. What are the important molecular events that happen during prophase of mitosis? During prophase, the chromosomes condense and centrosomes move to opposite sides of the nucleus, initiating the mitotic spindle formation. 3. Endomembrane system: Describe the route of protein synthesis from the nucleus, rough endoplasmic reCculum, golgi apparatus, and exocytosis (may supplement answer with illustraCon) 4. What intracellular organelles is responsible for making ATP? Mitochondria 5. What intracellular organelles is responsible for the formaCon of the mitoCc spindle which is crucial during mitosis? The centrioles are critical to allow the mitotic spindle to form, which is critical to allow cytokinesis. Plasma Membrane Golgi Apparatus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Mitochondrion Nucleolus
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