Anthropology_chp14_Internert_activity (1)

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Anthropology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Name: Gianna Noguera INTERNET ACTIVITY: Anthropology Identifying the Romanovs Background In 1991, the skeletal remains of Tsar Nicolas II and his wife, Tsarina Alexandra, were identified among the remains discovered in a mass grave in Russia. Evidence from the bone fragments indicated the sex, age, and family relationships, but the dental work and DNA evidence provided the definitive identification. The skeletons were labeled numerically. Skeletal remains 7 were of a middle-aged woman whose ribs showed possible signs of damage from bayonet thrusts. Dr. Lowell Levine, forensic odontologist, noted elaborate dental work in her remains. Two crowns were made of platinum and other crowns were made from porcelain with gold fillings. This type of dental work was practiced in Germany, Alexandra’s homeland. None of the servants would have been able to afford such expensive dental work. Therefore, skeletal remains 7 were believed to belong to Tsarina Alexandra. Skeletal remains 4 were identified as Tsar Nicholas II. The skeleton was of a fairly short, middle-aged man who had signs of wear and deformation in the hipbones, probably produced by years of riding on horseback. The skull was wide with a sloping forehead and a flat palate. This would describe Tsar Nicholas II. The teeth had evidence of periodontal disease consistent with the Tsar’s dental record. What were the identities of the other seven skeletal remains in that mass grave? How did the evidence obtained from the bones and teeth help establish their identity? Procedure 1. Go to the www.dnai.org Click on Applications . Click on Recovering the Romanovs. Notice that there are three modules:  The Romanov Family  Mystery of Anna Anderson  Science Solves a Mystery 2. Click on The Romanov Family to learn about the family background.

3. Click on Science Solves a Mystery . Note there are 22 frames in this section. As you view the presentation, answer the questions posted below. Note that the number of each question corresponds to the number of the frame in the presentation (22 frames and 22 questions). 4. While viewing the Website and answering the questions, complete the Act 14-3 SH Data Table using the information from the Website and from your notes you wrote. IDENTIFYING THE ROMANOVS: AN INTERNET ACTIVITY How to Estimate Age, Height, Sex, and Ancestry from Skeletal and Dental Remains AGE Which bone or tooth? How does this help to estimate the age? Teeth Wisdom teeth If they have wisdom teeth it means they are 22 years old or older. Arms Humeruf cap If the humeruf cap bones fused, they are around 4-6 years old. If they are fused to the shaft, they are 18-20 years old pelvis Pubic bones If the pubic bone is almost united, then they are 7-8 years old. If all the segments of the sacrum united, they are 25-30 years old skull The lambdoidal suture It begins clearing at 21 years old and begins closing at 30 years old Legs femur The femur first appears at 8 years old. the femur head is fused to the shaft at 16-18 years old HEIGHT Which bone(s)? Refer to the textbook. What formula would you use? American male of European ancestor Humorous Height (cm)=2.89xhumerous American females of Humorous Height (cm)=3.36xhumerous

European ancestors SEX Which bones? Explain the differences in male and female traits of these bones. Pelvic Pelvic bone If the opening Is larger then it’s a female sacral Tail bone The male sacral is curved inward and has a longer tail bone Male Skull Front view the shape of the eyes and mandible shape from the underside are squarer Male Skull side view The occipital protuberance is prominent. The frontal bone is low and sloping Female Skull front view The shape of the eye is more rounded. The mandible shape from the underside is more V- shaped ANCESTRY Which bones? Describe the European characteristics. Shape of eye orbits sphenoib If they are rounded are square, they are European. If it is a rectangular, they are African. If it is circular, they are Asian Spine Nasal spine African have very small nasal spine. Asians have promenade nasal spins Nasal opening Nostros European nasal opening is shaped in a tear drop. Africans nasal opening is round Questions 1. In 1991, what was the location of the burial site for the tsar, tsarina, and family members? Yekaterinburg Siberia 2. Listen to the two video clips narrated by Dr. Michael Baden. a. Why was an American team called in to help identify the bodies? To determine whether remain found closely in wooded area belonged to the Romanov’s.

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