E.Wallace APA Shell week 6.docx

1 Syphilis Erania Wallace Aspen University HUM410 – Academic Success: Strengthening Scholarly Writing Dr. Alicia Hinton September 11, 2023

2 Abstract

3 Syphilis Syphilis is a bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum, which is normally spread by sexual contact. Syphilis begins as a painless sore primarily on the genitals, rectum, or mouth of the affected person within 21 days of contact with the bacterium. Syphilis can remain in the human body for decades in an inactive state. The bacterium may return to an active state for many reasons, from stress to a decline in health. Early stages of Syphilis can be treated effectively and quite inexpensively with Penicillin G injections. The dosage and time frame of treatment vary by patient and stage of infection. There has been an increase in cases both in the United States and throughout the world since the early 2000s. Syphilis is both preventable and curable in its initial stages. (Ghanem, Khalil G.; Hook, Edward W. (2020).)

4 Literature Review The rise in Syphilis cases despite the availability of education and treatment is a complex issue that requires review of research information. There are various factors that contribute to increasing numbers of syphilis cases even with availability of education and treatment. The inadequate availability of healthcare access or low healthcare literacy may be a factor to increasing syphilis cases. This could be due to the result of a missed diagnosis during the crucial stage of the infection, which would be the primary or secondary stages of the disease. (Ghanem, 2020, Hook, 2020). During the early stages of the disease diagnoses of the disease can be difficult as the patient can be either pre chancre or post chancre. Usually once the chancre appears within several weeks or months of the initial contact and heals the patient(s) believes the illness is resolved if it was ever a thought there was an illness at hand. (Ghanem, 2020, Hook, 2020). To explore deeper into this ideology research was assessed utilizing EBSCOhost and Explora databases. There is information that supports misdiagnosis, low health literacy, and lack of protection during sexual encounters as causes for an increase in cases of syphilis although it is preventable and curable. Syphilis, the sexually transmitted or congenital disease is caused by the bacteria Treponema palladum. The origin of this bacterium is unknown although some believe it is related to a disease noted in medical history by the name of yaws. Yaws were spread by contamination of objects or skin lesions that were open but not through sexual acts. (Alder, 2022)

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