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1 The Civil War and its Primary Sources Jacob Marcenaro Northern Virginia Community College History 121(008N): United States History to 1877 November 27, 2022

2 The country officially started the Civil War due to disagreements on slavery. Some primary sources include Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address, illustrations such as Scott’s Great Snake, and Civil War songs such as Julia Ward Howe’s Battle Hymn of the Republic. The reason behind these specific primary sources is because they all have something in common, that being the fact that they all impacted people’s lives. Lincoln’s Inaugural Address and Ward Howe’s demonstrate activity by people who were not involved in the battlefield which involve boosting morale for many people and oneself, whereas Winfield Scott’s Great Snake gave us a good representation of military tactics used during the war. These primary sources give us context as to how people of different classes were being treated and how they felt during this gruesome war as it progressed over the years. The first primary source is Scott’s Great Snake which was a military plan by Winfield Scott of the Union. This primary source can be titled as an illustration as it showed a map of tactics to prevent the Confederates from escaping the south. The whole idea of Scott’s Great Snake was to prevent the Confederates from exiting the south and blocking them from all coastal ports as well as any waterways. This plan was also used to prevent imports of goods and exports of cotton. This is a simple, but effective tactic made by the general to give the Union an edge over the Confederates in the beginning of the war. (Wolfe) The reason this is a good primary source is because it gives the perspective of a commander during the Civil War. This source was introduced in 1861 and later became a model for other tactical inductions. The source being used as a model for the future

3 shows that this primary source was important for the Union and their battles. This also gave a good point of view from the soldiers as they were given a simple map that had a significant meaning behind it. The plan was successful for Winfield Scott and the Union as they successfully prevented the Confederates from using their coastal ports and they were also split as the Mississippi River was under Scott’s control. (Digital History). Despite people doubting Winfield Scott and the Anaconda Plan, the attack helped the Union gain a naval advantage. (Wolfe) This primary source may not seem as efficient when compared to the others, but it being used as a model for future tactics proves that it is an important part of the Civil War. This primary source’s significance played a role for future tactical induction as it served as a model since it was so successful. This primary source may not play a significant role in context of the Civil War and how it ended, but it certainly played an important role for the Union’s control. This primary source is quite different from the other primary sources because this was a tactic used to fight by the Union used to fight the Confederates whereas Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address and Julia Ward Howe’s Battle-Hymn of the Republic were not. These two primary sources were quite the opposite as they did not mention military tactics since they displayed a style and tone which showed optimism and belief in God. (Wolfe) President Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address was given during the final year of the Civil War in 1865. This speech was given to motivate the people of the divided nation and the main purpose was to urge everyone to stay optimistic. A quote that was taken best

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