Exam I astronomy 2 2

Exam I: T or F: Over the course of a night, Polaris moves less than any other visible star in the sky: T T or F: As it moves in its orbit, Earth is always EXACTLY 1 AU from the Sun: F T or F: The seasons on Earth are caused by its elliptical orbit around the Sun: F T or F: It is possible to view the Noon in the first-quarter phase the same day as a total lunar eclipse: F T or F: A solar eclipse can only occur when the Moon is new: T T or F: Copernicus’s Sun-centered model of the solar system gave much better predictions that the Earth-centered model of Ptolemy: F T or F: The celestial coordinates of the Sun change from day to day: T T or F: No matter where you live on Earth, the Sun is always directly overhead at noon: F T or F: There is no gravity in space: F T or F: Doubling the distance between two objects halves the gravitational force between them: F T or F: Grass is green because it absorbs green light, reflecting all other colors: F T or F: The shorter the wavelength of light the higher its frequency: T T or F: X rays, because they have more energy, travel through space faster than visible light: F T or F: You are currently emitting electromagnetic waves in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum: T T or F: Lined of a particular element appear at the same wavelength in both emission and absorption line spectra: T T or F: A radio telescope and an optical telescope of the same size hae the same Diffractin Limit: F T or F: Professional astronomical telescopes generally have a much greater magnification than the telescopes you can buy in stores: F T or F: X rays from satronomical objects can only be detected from telescopes in space: T T or F: It is much easier to build large reflecting telescopes than large refracting telescopes: T T or F: The light gathering ability of a telescope is most dependant on the diameter of its primary objective: T 1. Suppose we imagine the Sun to be about the same size of a grapefruit. How bing an area would the orbits of the eight planets of the solar system cover? The size of Binghamton University Campus 2. One light-hr is the distance that light travels in an hour. How fat is this, in km? 1.08 billion km 3.What are contellations? Groups of stars making an apparent pattern in the celestial sphere 4. While watching a star, you see it moves 45 degrees across the sky. How long have you been watching it? 3hrs 5. How long is the precession cycle? 26,000 yrs 6. A year is defined as: the time it takes for Earth to complete an orbit around the Sun 7. You note that a particular star is directly overhead. It will be directly overhead. It will be directly overhead in: 23hrs 56minutes 8. Why do we see essentially the same fce of the Moon at all times? Bc the Moon’s rotational and orbital periods are equal 9. All of the following statements are true. Wich one explains the reason why there is not a solar eclipse st every new Moon? The orbital plane of the Moon is titled by about 5 degrees to the ecliptic plane 10. In addition to the conditions required for any solar eclipse, what must also be true in order for you to observe a total solar eclipse? The Moon’s umbra must touch the area where you are located 11. What causes the apparent retrograde motion of the planets? As Earth passes another planet, the other planet appears to move backward…does not really change 12. Scientist today do not accept the Ptolemaic geocentric model because: The work of Tycho and Kepler… 13. Keplers first law worked, where Copernicus’ original heliocentric model failed, because zkepler described the orbits as: elliptical, not circular 14. A planet whose distance from the Sun is 3AU would have an orbital period of how many Earth-yrs? √27 15. He force of gravity varies with the: Both A and C are correct 16. According to Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation, if the Moon were six times further from Earth, the force by Earth on the Moon would: Decrease by a factor of 36 17. Given: the planet orbiting the nearby star 51 Pegasi is about 20x larger than the Earth and 400x more massive than Earth. The Earth has the following dimensions, M=5.98x10^24 kg, and R=6.37x10^6 m. right here in your seat… weight = the same and you do here. 18. Consider this diagram which statement is true (diagram is a wavelength with 6 on the bottom and 4 on the right): The wavelength is 6 19. Of all the forms od electromagnetic radiation, the one with the lowest frequency is: Radio waves 20. According to Wein’s Displaement Law, if the surface temperature of an object is increased by a factor of 6, its peak wavelength will: decrease by a factor of 6 21. At which of these Kelvin temperatures would a balckbody radiate mostly at visible wavcelegths? 6000K 22. To see the Sun’s hot outer layer at a temperature of 1,000,000K, which part of the electromagnetic spectrum should one observe? The X-ray 23. The Orian Nebula, M-42, is a hot, thin could of glowig gas, so its spectrum is: A few bright lines against a dark background. 24. Spectral lines are often referred to as the stars “fingerprints” bc: All of these are correct 25. If a source of light is approaching us at 3,000km/s then all its waves are: Blue shifted by 1% 26. If the rest wavelength of a certain spectral line is 600nm. But we observe it at 700nm, then: The source is moving away from us at 50,000 km/s 27. It is diffraction that limits the ___ of telescope objective? Resolution 28. What is the light-grathering power of an 8inch telescope compared to a 4 inch telescope? 4xbetter 29. The amount of diffraction a telescope creates, diffraction limit depends on: The wavelength of light collected and the diameter of the telescope objective 30. The Arecibo Radio telescope in Puerto Rico has a diameter of 305 meters, and is th eworlds largest single aperture telescope. It is tiopically used to collect light of approx 0.03m-1.00m in wavelength. Determine the light collecting area and the diffraction limt of this telescope st the wavelength of .5m. LCA=73,000m^2; D.L.=410” Exam I: T or F: Over the course of a night, Polaris moves less than any other visible star in the sky: T T or F: As it moves in its orbit, Earth is always EXACTLY 1 AU from the Sun: F T or F: The seasons on Earth are caused by its elliptical orbit around the Sun: F T or F: It is possible to view the Noon in the first-quarter phase the same day as a total lunar eclipse: F T or F: A solar eclipse can only occur when the Moon is new: T T or F: Copernicus’s Sun-centered model of the solar system gave much better predictions that the Earth-centered model of Ptolemy: F T or F: The celestial coordinates of the Sun change from day to day: T T or F: No matter where you live on Earth, the Sun is always directly overhead at noon: F T or F: There is no gravity in space: F T or F: Doubling the distance between two objects halves the gravitational force between them: F T or F: Grass is green because it absorbs green light, reflecting all other colors: F T or F: The shorter the wavelength of light the higher its frequency: T T or F: X rays, because they have more energy, travel through space faster than visible light: F T or F: You are currently emitting electromagnetic waves in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum: T T or F: Lined of a particular element appear at the same wavelength in both emission and absorption line spectra: T T or F: A radio telescope and an optical telescope of the same size hae the same Diffractin Limit: F T or F: Professional astronomical telescopes generally have a much greater magnification than the telescopes you can buy in stores: F T or F: X rays from satronomical objects can only be detected from telescopes in space: T T or F: It is much easier to build large reflecting telescopes than large refracting telescopes: T T or F: The light gathering ability of a telescope is most dependant on the diameter of its primary objective: T 1. Suppose we imagine the Sun to be about the same size of a grapefruit. How bing an area would the orbits of the eight planets of the solar system cover? The size of Binghamton University Campus 2. One light-hr is the distance that light travels in an hour. How fat is this, in km? 1.08 billion km 3.What are contellations? Groups of stars making an apparent pattern in the celestial sphere 4. While watching a star, you see it moves 45 degrees across the sky. How long have you been watching it? 3hrs 5. How long is the precession cycle? 26,000 yrs 6. A year is defined as: the time it takes for Earth to complete an orbit around the Sun 7. You note that a particular star is directly overhead. It will be directly overhead. It will be directly overhead in: 23hrs 56minutes 8. Why do we see essentially the same fce of the Moon at all times? Bc the Moon’s rotational and orbital periods are equal 9. All of the following statements are true. Wich one explains the reason why there is not a solar eclipse st every new Moon? The orbital plane of the Moon is titled by about 5 degrees to the ecliptic plane 10. In addition to the conditions required for any solar eclipse, what must also be true in order for you to observe a total solar eclipse? The Moon’s umbra must touch the area where you are located 11. What causes the apparent retrograde motion of the planets? As Earth passes another planet, the other planet appears to move backward…does not really change 12. Scientist today do not accept the Ptolemaic geocentric model because: The work of Tycho and Kepler… 13. Keplers first law worked, where Copernicus’ original heliocentric model failed, because zkepler described the orbits as: elliptical, not circular 14. A planet whose distance from the Sun is 3AU would have an orbital period of how many Earth-yrs? √27 15. He force of gravity varies with the: Both A and C are correct 16. According to Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation, if the Moon were six times further from Earth, the force by Earth on the Moon would: Decrease by a factor of 36 17. Given: the planet orbiting the nearby star 51 Pegasi is about 20x larger than the Earth and 400x more massive than Earth. The Earth has the following dimensions, M=5.98x10^24 kg, and R=6.37x10^6 m. right here in your seat… weight = the same and you do here. 18. Consider this diagram which statement is true (diagram is a wavelength with 6 on the bottom and 4 on the right): The wavelength is 6 19. Of all the forms od electromagnetic radiation, the one with the lowest frequency is: Radio waves 20. According to Wein’s Displaement Law, if the surface temperature of an object is increased by a factor of 6, its peak wavelength will: decrease by a factor of 6 21. At which of these Kelvin temperatures would a balckbody radiate mostly at visible wavcelegths? 6000K 22. To see the Sun’s hot outer layer at a temperature of 1,000,000K, which part of the electromagnetic spectrum should one observe? The X-ray 23. The Orian Nebula, M-42, is a hot, thin could of glowig gas, so its spectrum is: A few bright lines against a dark background. 24. Spectral lines are often referred to as the stars “fingerprints” bc: All of these are correct 25. If a source of light is approaching us at 3,000km/s then all its waves are: Blue shifted by 1% 26. If the rest wavelength of a certain spectral line is 600nm. But we observe it at 700nm, then: The source is moving away from us at 50,000 km/s 27. It is diffraction that limits the ___ of telescope objective? Resolution 28. What is the light-grathering power of an 8inch telescope compared to a 4 inch telescope? 4xbetter 29. The amount of diffraction a telescope creates, diffraction limit depends on: The wavelength of light collected and the diameter of the telescope objective 30. The Arecibo Radio telescope in Puerto Rico has a diameter of 305 meters, and is th eworlds largest single aperture telescope. It is tiopically used to collect light of approx 0.03m-1.00m in wavelength. Determine the light collecting area and the diffraction limt of this telescope st the wavelength of .5m. LCA=73,000m^2; D.L.=410”