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Mendelian Genetics Review
A) Watson
B) Linnaeus
C)
Mendel
D) Morgan
1. The principles of dominance, segregation, and independent
assortment were first described by
A)
Drosophila
B) bacteria
C) four-o'clock plants
D)
pea plants
2. Gregor Mendel formulated some basic principles of heredity from
the results of his experiments with
A)
overproduction and selective breeding
B)
mutations and elimination of genes
C)
evolution and asexual reproduction
D)
sorting and recombination of genes
3. The puppies shown in the photograph below are all from the same
litter.
The differences seen with this group of puppies are most likely due
to
A)
GG
×
Gg
B)
GO
×
GO
C)
Gg
× gg
D)
gg
×
gg
4.
Which genetic concepts best explain the fact that hybrid parents
can produce offspring with recessive phenotypes?
A)
codominance and polyploidy
B)
intermediate inheritance and segregation
C)
segregation and recombination
D)
polyploidy and recombination
5.
In squirrels, the gene for gray fur (
G
) is dominant over the gene for
black fur (
g
). If 50% of a large litter of squirrels are gray, the
parental cross that produced this litter was most likely
A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 100%
6. In screech owls, red feathers are dominant over gray feathers. If
two heterozygous red-feathered owls are mated, what percentage
of their offspring would be expected to have red feathers?
A)
1:2:1
B) 9:7
C) 3:1
D) 1:3:1
7. Two mice that are heterozygous for black coat color are mated.
Assuming coat color in mice is controlled by a single pair of genes,
which genotypic ratio for coat color is expected in the offspring?
A)
0%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 100%
8. In watermelon plants the allele for solid green fruit (
G
) is dominant
over the allele for striped fruit (
g
). Pollen from a flower of a
homozygous green watermelon plant is used to pollinate a flower
from a heterozygous green watermelon
plant. What percent of the offspring of this cross will bear striped
watermelons?
B) tall plant
A)
short plant
C) medium-sized plant
D) different species of plant
9. In a certain species of plant, the allele for tallness is dominant over
the allele for shortness. To determine whether a tall plant is
heterozygous or homozygous, it should be crossed with a
A) polyploidy
B) crossing-over
C) codominance
D) sex linkage
10.
Which is a true statement about people with the genotype
I
A
I
B
for
blood type?
A)
They have two alleles that are codominant.
B)
They exhibit a type O phenotype.
C)
They are homozygous for blood type A.
D)
They can have only type O children.
11.
When roan cattle are crossed, 25% of the offspring produced will
have white coats, 50% will have roan coats, and 25% will have
red coats. What do these results illustrate?
B) sorted independently
D) hybrid traits
12. The genes for red hair and freckles are usually inherited together
because these genes are
A) homologous
C) linked
A) 6
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
13.
If a man has type B blood and his sister has type
A blood, which
combination represents the genotypes of their parents?
A)
type O father and a homozygous A mother
B)
type O father and a homozygous B mother
C) type AB
father and type O
mother
D)
both mother and father with type O blood
14.
In a human population, the inheritance of the ABO blood group is
explained by assuming that, within the population, the number of
different kinds of alleles responsible for blood type is
A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) O
15. Which blood type would
not
appear in the offspring of parents
who had genotypes
I
A
I
B
and
I
A
i
?
A) differentiation
B) heredity
C) immunity
D) evolution
16. The transfer of genes from parents to their offspring is known as
17. The results of a genetic process are represented in the diagram below.
A) chromosomal mutation during mitosis
C) independent assortment during mitosis
B) nondisjunction during meiosis D) crossing-over during meiosis
Which process most likely produced these results?
A)
B)
C)
D)
18. Which diagram correctly illustrates the fusion of normal gametes
that will most likely produce a human male?
C)
D)
19.
The development of a normal human zygote into a male or female
is determined by
A)
an autosome contributed by the egg
B)
a sex chromosome contributed by the egg
C)
an autosome contributed by the sperm
D)
a sex chromosome contributed by the sperm
20.
Which diagram represents a sperm that can unite with a normal
egg to produce a zygote that will develop into a normal human
male embryo?
A)
B)
A) hybrid
B) codominant
C) autosomal
D) sex-linked
21. Which term
best describes genes carried only on the
X-
chromosome?
B)
X
n
Y
and
X
N
X
N
A)
X
N
Y
and
X
N
X
N
C) X
N
Y
and X
N
X
n
D)
X
n
Y
and
X
n
X
n
22. In humans, normal color vision (
N
) is dominant over color
blindness (
n
). A man and woman with normal color vision
produced two colorblind sons and two daughters with normal
color vision. The parental genotypes must be
23.
The best method for determining if a woman may be a carrier of
the trait for color blindness is to
A)
give her an eye examination
B)
analyze a sample of her red blood cells
C)
analyze a sample of her urine
D)
check her family pedigree for the trait
24.
Barbara, who is not colorblind, and her husband Bill had a
colorblind baby girl. Which statement about this situation is true?
A)
Barbara's mother must have been colorblind.
B)
Bill's mother must have been colorblind.
C)
Barbara's father must have been colorblind.
D)
Bill must be colorblind.
25.
Mendel developed the basic principles of heredity by
A)
examining chromosomes with microscopes
B)
using x-rays to induce mutations
C)
analyzing large numbers of offspring
D)
observing crossing-over during meiosis
26.
Gregor Mendel developed heredity principles from his
A)
mathematical analysis of the results of pea plant crosses
B)
working model of the structure of DNA
C)
mapping of the locations of human genes on chromosomes
D)
extensive study of breeding
Drosophila
27.
Using the results of his experiments with pea plant crosses, what
did Gregor Mendel discover?
A)
the principles of dominance, segregation, and independent assortment
B)
that pea plants develop mutations after exposure to radiation
C)
intermediate inheritance and gene linkage
D)
that DNA is involved in the inheritance of dominant traits
B) biological evolution
A) genetic engineering C) heredity
D) natural selection
28. Many years ago, a scientist grew pea plants that produced
wrinkled peas. The peas from these plants produced new plants
that also produced wrinkled peas. The scientist concluded that
something in the parent plants was being transmitted to the next
generation. This discovery is now known as
A) dominance
B) polyploidy
C) crossing-over
D) mutation
29.
Information about patterns of human heredity is more difficult to
obtain than information about patterns of heredity in fruit flies
because
A)
humans have shorter life cycles and more offspring than
fruit
flies
B)
most humans have offspring with hidden dominant traits
C)
humans have longer life cycles and fewer offspring than fruit flies
D)
most mating in humans is carefully controlled by genetic
engineering
30.
After observing the offspring of many generations of pea plant
crosses, Gregor Mendel formulated the principle of
31. The diagram below represents the inheritance of stem height in
garden peas.
A)
intermediate inheritance
B)
segregation and recombination
C)
sex linkage and codominance
D)
independent assortment
The diagram best illustrates
A) heterozygous
B) hybrid
C) homozygous
D) incompletely dominant
32. What term would
best
be used to describe an organism possessing
two identical genes for a trait?
33. A cross between two mice with long tails and brown fur produced
the four types of offspring listed below:
long tailed with brown fur
long tailed with white fur
short tailed with brown fur
short tailed with white fur
Which genetic mechanism best explains the results of this cross?
A)
intermediate inheritance
B)
gene linkage
C) independent assortment
D)
crossing-over
34. The diagram below shows a diploid cell with two homologous
pairs of chromosomes.
A)
Aa
,
Bb
,
AA
, and
bb
C)
AB
and
Ab
, only
B)
AaBb
and
ABab
D) AB
, Ab
, aB
, and ab
Due to independent assortment what possible normal allelic
combinations could be found in gametes produced from this cell
by meiosis?
35. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below
represents a reproductive process that takes place in humans.
A)
The normal species chromosome number is restored.
B)
Males and females each contribute DNA to the offspring.
C)
The zygote will develop to become identical to the dominant parent.
D)
The sex of the zygote is determined by DNA in the gametes.
Which statement does
not
correctly describe this process?
B) sex-linked traits
A) dominance C) multiple alleles
D) mutation
36. When red-flowered snapdragons are crossed with white-flowered
snapdragons, all the
F
1
plants will have pink flowers. If Mendel
had used snapdragons instead of pea plants, he would have had
difficulty in formulating his principle of
A) gene linkage
B) sex linkage
C) independent assortment
D) dominance
37.
The sorting and recombination of genes during reproduction is
important to evolution because these processes
A)
decrease variation and help maintain a stable population
B)
increase variation that enables species to adapt to change
C)
decrease the chances of producing offspring that are adapted
to the environment
D)
increase the ability of all the offspring to adapt to the
environment
38.
A pair of male Holstein (black-and-white) calves that have the
same parents display many similarities but also exhibit some
variations. Which process best explains these variations?
C) segregation
D) incomplete dominance
39.
Only red tulips result from a cross between homozygous red and
homozygous white tulips. This illustrates the principle of
A) independent assortment B) dominance
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Related Questions
According to Mendelian genetics, the phenotype of a homozygous dominant individual is the same as that of a _______ individual.
A)Heterozygous
B)Heterozygous recessive
C)Hemizygous
D)Homozygous recessive
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a)
The mutant allele remained ‘hidden’ in previous generations.
b)
He is homozygous for mutant huntingtin alleles unlike his grandparents, who are clearly heterozygous for the condition.
c)
The appearance of Huntington Disease in him might be the result of a new mutation appearing during his lifetime.
d)
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1.a) male
b) female
2. a) normal
b) triploid
c) patau
d) edwards syndrome
e) down syndrome
f) triplo-X
g) turners syndrome
h) klinefelter syndrome
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24) If you were Gregor Mendel and observed that some green peas had a round texture and
some green peas had a wrinkled texture, then this would support which theory?
A) The law of segregation
B) Incomplete dominance
C) Some traits are dominant, while others are recessive
D) The law of independent assortment
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Mendel's pea plants were a good choice for studying heredity, because:
a) They have lots of easily observable traits that vary in an either-or manner.
b) Their mating is uncontrollable.
c) There are separate male and female plants.
d) The plants are incapable of cross-pollination.
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8)Gene is
a)The genetic composition that underlies a trait (or traits)
b)DNA that controls when and where proteins are synthesized
c)DNA of no known function
d)DNA that provides instructions for building a protein
e)DNA that provides the instructions for synthesizing various types of small RNA molecules
f)An observable trait (or traits) of an organism
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What are alleles?
A) alternative forms of a genes for a single trait, such as blue eyes or brown eyesB)the location of genes on a chromosomeC) genes for different traits, such as hair color or eye color D)dominant form of a kind of characteristic carried by genesE) recessive forms of a kind of characteristic carried by genes
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Question 3
Which of the following is true regarding maternal effect gene inheritance?
O A) The maternal parent decides the phenotype of female progeny only.
O B) The paternal parent does not contribute an allele.
() C) Complete dominance does not apply.
D) The inheritance of genotype follows Mendelian principles.
CS Scanned with CamScanner
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all of the offspring of a cross between a black eyed mendelien and an orange-eyed mendelien have black eyes. This means that the allele for black eyes is ___ the allele for orange eyes.
A)Codominant toB)more aggressive thanC)recessive toD)dominant toE)better than
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Which of the following is not true of the sickle-cell allele?
a)it became an important genetic factor after slash-and-burn agriculture was introduced
b)it became an important genetic factor after fields were cleared that put humans near mosquitos
c)it became an important genetic factor approximately 2000 years ago
d)it provides a reproductive advantage to heterozygotes
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Freckles is determined by a single gene and
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freckles. If a man with freckles and a woman
without freckles have a child that does not have
freckles then
a)the man is heterozygous for the freckles gene.
b)the child is heterozygous for the freckles gene.
c)the woman and man are both heterozygous for
the freckles gene.
d) the woman is heterozygous for the freckles
gen
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Figure 3 shows the karyotypes of two individuals suffering from a genetic disorder.
a) Name the genetic disorder for individuals A and B.
b) Give three characteristics of individual B.
c) What is the gender of individual A?
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When a pair of alleles that an individual carry are the same, the person is said to be_____ for the trait
a ) Polygenic
b) Homologous
c ) Autosomous
e ) Homozygous
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get their babies back. You know the blood types (phenotypes) of the parents are:
i) AB and O
ii) A and O
iii) A and AB
iv) O and O
You also know that each set of parents has only one child (no sets of twins, that is). Match each baby with its
parents.
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If a Mother's genotype is IAi and her Daughter's genotype is ii and the mother claims a man who is type B as the father...
a) Is that possible? Explain.
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d) Does the answer in part c change the answer in part b? Explain.
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1. An offspring that contains both recessive genes for a trait is called
A) inbred
B) homozygous
C) heterozygous
D) mutated
2. Why is water considered a polar molecule?
A) The oxygen atom is found between the two hydrogen atoms.
B) The oxygen atom attracts the hydrogen atoms.
C) The oxygen end of the molecule has a slight negative charge, and the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge.
D) Both hydrogen atoms are at one end of the molecule, and the oxygen atom is at the other end.
3. An offspring that contains both recessive genes for a trait is called
A) inbred
B) homozygous
C) heterozygous
D) mutated
4. Sugar dissolves when stirred into water. The sugar is the ________, the water is the ________, and the sweetened water is the ________.
A) solution... solvent... solute
B) solute... solvent... solution
C) solvent... solute... solution
D) solution... solute... solvent
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Assignment 1
A pure strain of Mendel's peas, dominant for all
seven of his independently assorting genes,
was testcrossed.
a) How many different kinds of gametes could
each of the parents produce?
b) How many different gametes could the F,
produce?
Assignments
Assignment 1
c) If the F, was testcrossed, how many
phenotypes would be expected in the
offspring and in what proportion?
d) How many genotypes would be expected in
the F,?
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The symbol "F" in the results of a testcross stands for
A)recessive B)filialC)"faulty" or unexpected resultsD)first trait to show upE)dominant
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Please define following terms:1.) Genetics2.) Heredity3.) Variation4.) Chromosome5.) Gene
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●
Pedigree for a recessive disease
I
Signatures of a
recessive trait:
• Occurs rarely unless
consanguineous.
What can you infer
about genotypes?
●
= Cc
||
|||
IV
VI
VII
What is the probability VII-2 be a carrier?
A) 1/4 B) C) D) 1/3 E) 2/3 F) 1
1
сс
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission requir
or
2
9999
3
9999
2
3
2
3
4
CC
5
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1. a) If you were at risk of a fatal disease such as Huntington’s disease and only the 95% accurate preliminary genetic test was available, would you take the test? After all, 95% of the time the test would tell you whether you would eventually get Huntington’s disease or whether you did not have to worry about getting this disease.
b) The linkage distance between the DNA sequence used in the test and the actual Huntington’ disease locus was 5%. In a large sample of the Venezuelan family, what percentage of people would inherit the DNA sequence but not the Huntington’s allele (i.e. be a false positive test for Huntington’s)? What percentage of that large Venezuelan family would not inherit the DNA sequence but would inherit the Huntington’s allele (i.e., be a false negative test for Huntington’s)?
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7)Homozygote is
a)an individual who has two copies of the same allele for a particular gene
b)an individual who has to different alleles for a particular gene
c)an individual who has one copy of the most common allele for a particular gene
d)an individual who has one copy of the least common allele for a particular gene
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A type of inheritance in which a physical trait shows uninterrupted variation within a population.
a) incomplete dominance
b) polygenic inheritance
c) dominant-recessive inheritance
d) multiple-allele inheritance
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Forward Genetics Analysis uses a variety of beneficial approaches to identify never before described genes.
For each of the following approaches or outcomes, briefly (maximum 2 sentences) discuss in your own
words, their purpose in Forward Genetics Analysis.
c) Mendelian ratios
d) Genetic screen
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Heterosis is
a) the appearance of spontaneous mutations.
b) a method of artificial breeding that reduces heterozygosity.
c) caused by inbreeding.
d) when offspring have a phenotypic improvement over their parents.
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Use the pedigree to answer the questions that follow.
Make sure you put your answer in the correct blank.
A)
AB
В
1
5
II
A
A
AB
B
A
AB
A
3
5
6
7
8
II
A
A
B
2
3
5
6
a) State the possible blood type(s) of individual I-4
b) State the possible blood type(s) of individual I-6
c) State the possible genotype(s) of individual Il-5
d) State the possible genotype(s) of individual II-6
e) Determine the percentage chance that couple Il-4 and
Il-5 have another child that has type O blood
2.
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Please define the following terms:
1.) Homozygous2.) Heterozygous3.) Genotype4.) Phenotype5.) Allele
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