Lab 4 - Protists WORKSHEET complete

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May 19, 2024

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Foundations of Biology: Evolution, Ecology, and Biodiversity Lab Protists Worksheet EXERCISES (Answer all questions in bold) Exercise 1 – Protozoans (Animal-Like Protists) Protozoans are all unicellular and heterotrophic—they ingest their food just like animals do. Although generally found in freshwater habitats, there are some marine, damp terrestrial, and endosymbiotic protozoans. The four main groups of protozoans are distinguished from each other based on their mode of locomotion. Ciliated Protozoans : Ciliated protozoans move by beating in unison the many small cilia that surround their unicellular bodies. Paramecium (Ciliates) is a classic example of a ciliated protozoan. 1. Examine the model of Paramecium on display in the lab room. Draw the model in your notebook, labeling the various organelles. What is the relationship between the oral groove, the gullet, and the food vacuoles? 4-oral groove 1 4
6- food vacual 5-gullet 8-radiating canal 7-contractile vacuale 10- Maconuclues 9- micronucleus 14-anal pore 2-lysaszome 1-cytoplasm 15-cudual tuft 12-cilia The relationship between things like the gullet, food vacuole, and oral groove would be used for ingestion and digestion of food. 2. Observe a prepared slide of Paramecium under a compound microscope set up on your lab bench. Draw it below or insert a photograph. Are any of the structures that you saw on the model visible under the scope? 2
After observing the prepared slide, the only structures that can be seen compared to the first model would be things like the Macro nucleus which are the dark circles seen, in the picture. 3. Prepare a wet mount of some live Paramecium specimens. Describe below how they move. Draw and/or insert a photograph below. 3
The way the specimen moves is in a flowing pattern with the Cillia helping the Paramecium glide through the slide in a way that almost looks fake. It seems also that the Paramecium has to back up to change directions which is interesting. Flagellated Protozoans : Flagellated protozoans move by beating their long, whip-like flagella. One example of a flagellated protozoan is Trichonympha (Parabasalids), the protist that lives mutualistically within 4
the guts of termites, breaking down cellulose and lignin and therefore enabling the termites to digest wood. 1. A prepared slide of Trichonympha is set up as a demonstration under a compound microscope in the lab room. Draw it below or insert a photograph. Most flagellated protozoans possess only one or a few flagellas. How does Trichonympha differ from a typical flagellated protozoan? The way Trichonympha differs from Typical protozoan would be that it is covered in flagella which helps it get around in its environment, while typical protozoan only have one or a few. 5
Amoeboid Protozoans : Amoeboid protozoans move and feed by means of cytoplasmic extensions known as pseudopodia. The classic example of an amoeboid protozoan is of course Amoeba (Gymnamoebas). 1. Examine the model of Amoeba on display in the lab room. Draw the model below or insert a photograph, labeling the various organelles. What is the name of the process used by Amoeba ’s pseudopodia to feed? The name of the process of Amoeba’s feeding would be phagocytosis. 6
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