BIOL1108L_BiodiversityWorksheet_online

Instruction: Explain your answer. Scientific Thought: "In evolutionary relationships using the evidences of evolution, the more closely related the species are, the more similar their DNA sequences. Provide concrete evidence through illustration to prove your answer. You may use other ways to show your answer.

Use the following phylogenetic tree to help determine if the provided examples below are homologous structures or analogous structures. Figure 27.10 ANCESTRAL PROTIST Metazoa 770 million years ago ©2014 Pearson Education, Inc Eumetazoa 680 million. years ago 670 million years ago Bilateria Deuterostomia Lophotrochozoa Ecdysozoa The worm shape of a hemicordata and the worm shape of a nematoda Porifera Ctenophora Cnidaria The scales of a fish (chordata) and the scales of a scaleworm (annelida) The shell of the brachiopoda and the shell of the mollusca The shell of a mollusca and the hard outer surface of the arthropods Hemichordata Echinodermata The holes in human skin (pores) and the hole in the body of a porifera Chordata Platyhelminthes Rotifera Ectoprocta Brachiopoda EXAMPLE The round shape of an Echinodermata and the round shape of a ctenophora Mollusca Annelida Nematoda Arthropoda The trochophore larval stage of a Mollusca and the trochophore larval stage of an annelida. Homologous…

What's In Let us review what you have learned from the previous module. Answer the activity below. ACTIVITY 1. Match Me! Directions: Match Column A with the correct answers in Column B by writing the number of your answers in the Answer Grid. If all your answers are correct, the sum when answers are added horizontally, vertically, or diagonally will give you a magic number. Column A Column B a. A process in which new species form b. Authored the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection 1. Thomas Malthus 2. Hybrid sterility c. It occurs when a hybrid develops, matures but fails to reproduce increasing 3. Pre-mating isolating mechanism d. States that human 4. Jean Baptiste Lamarck population limits resources e. Species will different mating seasons f. Sought pieces of evidence for the idea of uniformitarianism due to 5. Temporal isolation not mate 6. Speciation

What's In Let us review what you have learned from the previous module. Answer the activity below. ACTIVITY 1. Match Me! Directions: Match Column A with the correct answers in Column B by writing the number of your answers in the Answer Grid. If all your answers are correct, the sum when answers are added horizontally, vertically, or diagonally will give you a magic number. Column A Column B a. A process in which new species form b. Authored the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection 1. Thomas Malthus 2. Hybrid sterility 3. Pre-mating isolating mechanism c. It occurs when a hybrid develops, matures but fails to reproduce d. States population limits resources e. Species will different mating seasons f. Sought pieces of evidence for the idea of uniformitarianism that increasing human 4. Jean Baptiste Lamarck due 5. Temporal isolation not mate to 6. Speciation 1

Please create a phylogenetic (evolutionary) tree given this criteria and follow all points! There are three domains of life - Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Start by drawing these three main branches. Then add branches for plants, animals, fungi, and protists. When adding all these branches, don't just add them randomly. The branching pattern reflects evolutionary relationships. You should use the relationships/branching patterns. Then add additional branches for • three species of bacteria • three species of archaea three species of plants three species of animals • three species of fungi • three species of protists (single-celled eukaryotes) You can pick any species you want. For each species, be sure to add 1 synapomorphy (shared derived character) that defines the species or group. • Finally, label the tree with all the terms (parts of a tree, not phylogenetic groups) when describing a phylogenetic tree.

Topic: Role of Molecular Biology in Evolutionary Classification How does the recently developed DNA technology help scientists establish a more accurate classification scheme?

Directions: For the following organisms below, you are to sort them into at least 4 different groupings. There must be at least 2 organisms in a grouping. You may place them into columns (in a chart of some sort) or simply Number or your groups and list the organism that are included. ALSO, you must include a written description (at least 2 sentences) describing the characteristics of EACH GROUP that apply to all organisms within that group.   Hint** A quick google search, or image search may provide you the visual data you need to categorize the organisms.   Sponges (Porifera) Cnidarians (Cnidaria) Comb jellies (Ctenophora) Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) Ribbon worms (Nemertea) Nematodes (Nematoda) Arrow worms (Chaetognatha) Segmented worms (Annelida) Sipunculans (Sipuncula) Molluscs (Mollusca) Arthropods (Arthropoda) Bryozoans (Bryozoa) Phoronids (Phoronida) Lamp shells (Brachiopoda) Echinoderms (Echinodermata) Hemichordates (Hemichordata) Chordates (Chordata)

Identify the type of evolution being described.

What is biogeography and how does it provide support for evolution? Give an example. What is comparative anatomy and how does it provide insight into our evolutionary history? What highly conserved molecule does bioinformatics compare among different species to provide support for evolution. What is the relationship between similarities between two species and their relatedness?

Based on their anatomical and behavioral differences, biologists previously placed humans and chimpanzees in different families, but now DNA sequence data suggest that they are closely related and should be placed in the same family. What are some advantages of using DNA sequences to decide how to classify organisms? What might be some disadvantages?

Practice(not graded) There exist several categories of evidence that lend credence to the interrelated nature of all organisms alive today.  Describe two (2) pieces of evidence that support the theory of evolution (and the notion of a universal common ancestor).

PART I. THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION. DIRECTIONS: Complete the paragraph about evidence of evolution by choosing the correct word provided below. biogeography fossils homologous molecular vestigial The theory of evolution states that modern species have descended from ancestral species through evolution and speciation. It is supported by a large body of evidence such as found in geologic strata. These are remnants of ancient life that provide evidence for the evolutionary change through now-extinct forms that led to modern species. Modern species retain certain structures that arose from a common ancestor structures. Other remnants of what was once useful to the ancestors are or the findings of the original distribution of related species across the Earth the connections between ancient evidence, DNA sequences have also shed light on the occurrence of such as structures. Furthermore, we can infer from the landmasses. Finally, through some of the mechanisms of evolution.

Find a current, credible phylogenetic tree representing any group of organisms (your choice)!  Draw that tree and on it indicate nodes, synapomorphes, monophyletic, polyphyletic, and paraphyletic groups (make sure the image you choose is complex enough to show all these groups).  Below your drawing, in paragraph form, describe the relationships of four of the members on your tree based on how a phylogenetic tree is interpreted

Make a phylogenetic tree

Practice bio question: Define the term unikont and explain the current taxonomic interpretation of where unikonts arose on the phylogenetic tree of life.

The universal phylogenetic tree of life shows the divergence of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Studies of Lokiarchaeota help to elucidate these relationships, but the first universal tree of life was constructed by Carl Woese using ribosomal RNA sequences. There are advantages to using different types of nucleic acid for different types of analyses. What is a specific advantage of using small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences for phylogenetic analysis compared with DNA sequences? ▸ View Available Hint(s) SSU rRNA sequences accumulate mutations more rapidly than protein-encoding DNA. SSU rRNA is frequently transferred through horizontal gene transfer, whereas DNA sequences are not. Primers are required in DNA sequence analysis, but not for SSU rRNA sequence analysis. Although PCR products can be visualized with SSU rRNA, this is not the case with other forms of nucleic acids. DNA sequences are too highly conserved to work well for sequence analysis; individual species are…

STANDARDIZED PHYLOGENETICS BIODIVERSITY EVOLUTION EVIDENCES BIOLÓGISTS KINGDOM TAXONOMY TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION PHYLOGENETIC TREE is in charge of A branch of biology called (2). system. A (4) who are experts in taxonomy, helps scientists The variety of life in the world is known as (1) classifying species and giving names via (3). understand and organize the diversity of life in our planet. Basically, it means groups are classified within larger groups. The hierarchical (5) of hierarchy is called the taxonomic level wherein the (6) different because it tells the history of the (7) (8) on. Scientist must collect accurate information using (9) using a (10) which looks like a sequentially branching tree, starting with one common branch, and then splitting into more branches helps scientists understand and organize the diversity of life in our planet .Each level is the highest and specie the lowest. Phylogeny is of a species or group of organisms. A field of science called works on the…

Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the letter of the best answer. 1. A phylogenetic system that defines groups by distinguishing between ancestral and derived characteristics. A. Cladistics B. Cladogram D. Taxonomy B. Phylogenetic tree 2. Traits that are old and have been retained from a common ancestor is called? A. Ancestral trait B. Derived trait B. Dichotomous trait D. Scientific trait 3. Based on Dichotomous key which one is Not correct? A. A dichotomous key is a method of identification whereby groups of organisms are divided into two categories repeatedly. B. The key branches split in two at each stage, it is called a dichotomous (from the Greek dicho meaning "in two" or "split" and tom, meaning “to cut") key. C. A tool that allows the user to determine the identity of items in the natural world, such as trees, wildflowers, mammals, reptiles, rocks, and fish. D. The process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and…

This module aims to help learners understanu different pieces evidence of evolution and how to evidence to infer the evolutionary relationship between organisms. The teacher may connect the concepts underlying the patterns of descent with modification to the lesson today by pointing out that Darwin's theory of evolution is based from the inferences that he had made after his 5-year journey aboard HMS Beagles. Notes to the TeuU us What's New On the left are the structural palms organisms or species of of different primates. Tarsiers are one of the small species of primates commonly found at tropical islands like Bohol in the Visayas Islands of the Philippines. Gibbons are small apes commonly found in the forests of Southeast Asian countries, Chimpanzees are few of the considered "smart" animals and humans are believed to be the highest form of "thinking organisms" on Earth. One of the claims of the theory of Evolution is these organisms evolved from the same ancestor. By looking at the…

ANALYZING. INSTRUCTION: MASS EXTINCTIONS THAT HAVE OCCURRED REPEATEDLY OVER GEOLOGICAL TIME. BRIEFLY DESCRIBE THE IMPLICATION OF MASS EXTINCTIONS THAT HAVE OCCURRED IN EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY.

Which of the following statements is correctly stated? Homology is due to ahared ancestry whereas analogy is due to convergentevolution. Analogy is due to shared anceatry whereas homology is due to convergent evolution. Homology is due to ahared biochemistry whereas analogy is due to shared molecular characteristics. Homology is due to shared morphology whereas analogy is due to shared molecular characteristics. S0000

Kindly answer it asap.

Why do physiologists need to understand evolution? Please be direct to the point.

Link each term with the correct definition.

4. Did the square nose of Species D and Species G come from the common ancestor?5. Is the square nose of Species D and Species G a homologous structure?6. Are the cat ears of Species D and Species F homologous structures?7. Are the smiles of Species E and Species G homologous structures?

What does the term Ultrasound mean in technical language to biologists? How is the term related to the course student learning outcome: Describe classifications of biological diversity?

Part 2: Investigation: Comparing the Ideas of Darwin and Lamarck Pre-Lab questions 1. List two ideas proposed by Lamarck's theory of evolution. 2. List two ideas proposed by Darwin's theory of evolution.

Many misconceptions about evolution • Evolution makes organisms perfect/better • Evolution is heading to some ultimate goal • One organisms turns into another organism in a linear fashion • A single organism can evolve • Evolution is random

1a. Discuss the role of Gene Flow in evolution 1b. Explain how Natural Selection operates to bring about evolutionary change 1c. Explain the attributes of the Biological Species that ensure that different species do not interbreed. Your essay including references must not exceed 3 pages

Hello! I have a discussion tommorow with my classmates, and the prompt says like this: Discuss whether changes to an organism's physical environment are likely to result in evolutionary change.  Use examples to support your reasoning.  Second, using at least two examples, explain how the process of evolution is revealed by the imperfections of living organisms.