BIOL-2302-R
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Laredo College *
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2302
Subject
Biology
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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3. The endothelium is found in the ________.
a.
tunica intima (Correct - Endothelium is the innermost layer of blood
vessels)
b.
tunica media (Incorrect - Tunia media is the middle layer of blood vessels,
composed of smooth muscle and elastic tissue.)
c.
tunica externa (Incorect - Outermost layer of blood vessles, composed of
connective tissie.)
d.
Lumen (Incorrect - Refers to the central opening of a blood vessel, not a
specific layer.)
4. Nervi vasorum control ________.
a.
vasoconstriction (Correct - The nervi vasorum can stimulate
vasoconstriction, which causes the blood vessels to narrow and reduces
blood flow.)
b.
vasodilation (Correct - The nervi vasorum can also stimulate vasodilation,
which causes the blood vessels to widen and increases blood flow.)
c.
capillary permeability (Incorrect - Refers to the ability of substances to
pass through the walls of capillaries, and it is not directly controlled by the
nervi vasorum.)
d.
both vasoconstriction and vasodilation (Correct)
5. Closer to the heart, arteries would be expected to have a higher percentage of
________.
a.
Endothelium (Incorrect - While arteries do have an endothelium, it is not
specifically expected to have a higher percentage compared to other
fibers.)
b.
smooth muscle fibers (Incorrect - Are present in the walls of arteries, but
they are not the primary fibers that contribute to the elasticity of arteries.)
c.
elastic fibers (Correct - Arteries are composed of elastic fibers, which
allow them to stretch and recoil as blood is pumped from the heart.)
d.
collagenous fibers (Incorrect - Provide structural support, but they are not
the main fibers responsible for the elasticity of arteries.)
6. Which of the following best describes veins?
a.
thick walled, small lumens, low pressure, lack valves (Incorrect)
b.
thin walled, large lumens, low pressure, have valves (Correct - Veins have
thinner walls, allowing them to expand and accommodate larger volumes
of blood. They have larger lumens, operate at low pressure, and have
valves that ensure the one-way flow of blood towards the heart.)
c.
thin walled, small lumens, high pressure, have valves (Incorrect)
d.
thick walled, large lumens, high pressure, lack valves (Incorrect)
7. An especially leaky type of capillary found in the liver and certain other tissues is
called a ________.
a.
capillary bed (Incorrect - Refers to a network of capillaries in a particular
area, not a specific type of capillary.)
b.
fenestrated capillary (Incorrect - have small pores or fenestrations in their
walls, allowing for the exchange of small molecules. Not specifically
associated with the liver or certain tissues.)
c.
sinusoid capillary (Correct - are found in the liver and certain other tissues.
They are known for being especially leaky, allowing for the exchange of
larger molecules and cells.)
d.
Metarteriole (Incorrect - small vessels that connect arterioles and
capillaries. Not specific to the liver or characterized by being leaky.)
8. In a blood pressure measurement of 110/70, the number 70 is the ________.
a.
systolic pressure (Incorrect - It’s the top number in a blood pressure
measurement)
b.
diastolic pressure (Correct - the bottom number in a blood pressure
measurement)
c.
pulse pressure (Incorrect - calculated by subtracting the diastolic pressure
from the systolic pressure.)
d.
mean arterial pressure (Incorrect - calculated value that represents the
average pressure in the arteries during one cardiac cycle.)
9. A healthy elastic artery ________.
a.
is compliant (Correct - healthy elastic artery is compliant, meaning it is
able to stretch and expand to accommodate the volume of blood being
pumped through it.)
b.
reduces blood flow (Incorrect - A healthy elastic artery does not reduce
blood flow. Instead, it helps to maintain and regulate blood flow by
expanding and contracting as needed.)
c.
is a resistance artery (Incorrect - Resistance arteries are smaller arteries
that help regulate blood pressure by constricting or dilating.)
d.
has a thin wall and irregular lumen (Incorrect - A healthy elastic artery has
a thicker wall compared to other types of arteries and the lumen is
typically smooth and regular, allowing for efficient blood flow.)
10. Which of the following statements is
true
?
a.
The longer the vessel, the lower the resistance and the greater the flow.
(Incorrect - the longer the vessel, the greater the resistance and the lower
the flow. This is because the longer length of the vessel increases the
friction and resistance to blood flow.
b.
As blood volume decreases, blood pressure and blood flow also decrease.
(Correct - When blood volume decreases, there is less blood available to
be pumped through the vessels.)
c.
Increased viscosity increases blood flow.(Incorrect - Increased viscosity, or
thickness, of the blood actually increases resistance to flow and can
decrease blood flow.)
d.
All of the above are true. (Incorrect)
11. Slight vasodilation in an arteriole prompts a ________.
a.
slight increase in resistance (Incorrect - vasodilation causes the blood
vessels to widen, which leads to a decrease in resistance, not an
increase.)
b.
huge increase in resistance (Incorrect - vasodilation refers to the widening
of blood vessels, which would result in a decrease in resistance, not a
significant increase.)
c.
slight decrease in resistance (Correct - When an arteriole undergoes
vasodilation, the blood vessels widen, allowing more blood to flow through
with less resistance. This results in a slight decrease in resistance to blood
flow.)
d.
huge decrease in resistance (Incorrect - while vasodilation does lead to a
decrease in resistance, it is not typically a huge decrease. It is more of a
moderate decrease in resistance.)
12. Venoconstriction increases which of the following?
a.
blood pressure within the vein (Correct - constriction of veins leads to a
higher resistance to blood flow, resulting in increased pressure within the
vein.)
b.
blood flow within the vein (Correct - narrowing of veins forces blood to flow
more forcefully through a smaller space, leading to an increased rate of
blood flow.)
c.
return of blood to the heart (Correct - venoconstriction helps to push blood
back towards the heart. The narrowing of veins increases the pressure
and helps to propel blood back to the heart against gravity.)
d.
all of the above (Correct )
13. Hydrostatic pressure is ________.
a.
greater than colloid osmotic pressure at the venous end of the capillary
bed (Incorrect)
b.
the pressure exerted by fluid in an enclosed space (Correct - Hydrostatic
pressure is precisely that - the pressure exerted by a fluid in a closed or
confined space.)
c.
about zero at the midpoint of a capillary bed (Incorrect)
d.
all of the above (Incorrect)
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Related Questions
1. The tunica media of blood vessels contain the following structures except _____.A. endothelial cell B. smooth muscle C. elastic fibers D. proteoglycans2. The following describes the tunics of a vein except letter _____.A. tunica media is thinner than arteriesB. tunica adventitia is the thickestC. tunica interna is with fine collagen and elastic fibersD. tunica media is the thickest3. Which of the following is the prominent feature of elastic arteries?A. thick media B. external elastic laminaC. smooth muscle fibers D. thin endothelial layer
4. Which of the following describes an artery?A. round and larger lumen B. without valveC. lumen is large when blood is flowing D. with valve5. These permit easier movement of cells between tissues and blood.A. sinusoid capillaries B. continuous capillariesC. fenestrated capillaries D. metarterioles
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a. Intracellular Fluid (ICF)
O b. Blood
c. Interstitial Fluid (ISF)
d. B and C
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5. Which of the following is NOT under the secondary lymphatic organ?A. spleen B. lymph nodes C. lymphatic nodules D. thymus
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1
Simple cuboidal epithelium.
2
Simple squamous epithelium.
3
Simple columnar epithelium.
4
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
A.
Single layer, found in the trachea.
B.
Has cube shaped cells with nucleus in the middle.
C.
Has the flattest type of cells in one layer.
D.
Long column shaped cells, found in the digestive ystems
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A
collagen fibers and the lumen
B
myocardiocytes
C
a think layer of flat epithelial cells
D
cardiac muscle cells
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A. Inner layer is composed of simple squamous epithelial tissue.
B. Middle layer are composed of smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue which contributes to maintenance of diastolic blood pressure.
C. Outer layer is composed of fibrous connective tissue to prevent rupture.
D. All statements are not true.
E. All statements are true.
2. Which of the following statement/s is/are not true about regulation of heart rate?
A. The brainstem contains the cardiac centers which are the accelerator center and the inhibitory center. (medulla)
B. Sympathetic impulses to the heart increase rate and force of contraction.
C. Parasympathetic impulses from cranial nerve X to the heart causes reduction in the heart rate.
D. The cranial nerve IX is motor for the carotid receptors. (sensory)
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7. BLOOD:
Blood is considered a (highlight one: fluid, loose, dense, semisolid, or solid) connective tissue. Unlike other
connective tissues, blood has a liquid ECM (extracellular matrix) called
and hormones in the blood.
which transports nutrients, waste,
Draw blood connective tissue.
Red blood
cells.
Plasma-
Draw what you see. Label the cells and fibers (reticular
fibers).
Platelets
In the plasma, you should see 3 types of cells or structures:
Erythrocytes
are known as red blood cells.
They are the tiny pink dots all over the image. Red blood cells carry oxygen in the blood. They do not have nuclei.
leukocytes are known as white blood cells. They are the larger, purple dots scattered throughout the
image. White blood cells help with immune response and they DO have nuclei. __Platelets_are proteins (non-
cellular components) that help with the blood clotting immune response. You may not be able to see them on the
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SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
a. What is the location and shape of nucleus within cell?
Round, centrally located nucleus
Centrally located nucleus, flattened and oval or spherical
oval nuclei near base of cells
appears to have several layers because nuclei of cells are at various levels
b. When this tissue type lines the cardiovascular and lymphatic system, it is called what?
endothelium
mesothelium
c. When this tissue forms the layer of serous membranes it is called what?
mesothelium
endothelium
d. What other organs contain this tissue type?
epididymis, ducts of glands, male urethra
surface of ovaries and lens of eye; retina of eye; kidney tubules, ducts of glands
air sacs of lungs, glomerular, capsule of kidneys, inner surface of tympanic membrane
GI tracts, ducts of glands, gallbladder
e. What is the function of this tissue?
Protects against abrasion, water loss, UV radiation, foreign invasion, defense against microbes
filtration or diffusion, and site of secretion in serous…
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Group of answer choices
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B. hydrostatic pressure of interstitial fluid.
C. colloid osmotic pressure in blood capillaries.
D. blood pressure in capillaries.
E. osmotic pressure of interstitial fluid.
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A.
The epithelium is avascular (without blood vessels), so the abrasion must not have penetrated all 5 layers on the palm to reach the vascularized (having blood vessels) basement membrane.
B.
The epithelium is avascular (without blood vessels), so the abrasion must not have penetrated all 3 layers on the palm of the hand to reach the vascularized (having blood vessels) basement membrane.
C.
The epithelium is avascular (without blood vessels), so the abrasion must not have penetrated all 4 layers on the palm to reach the vascularized (having blood vessels) basement membrane.
D.
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- presents in blood vessel's ECM that provide(s) the tensile strength required to
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A. Gap junctions
B. Elastin
C. Collagen
D. Hemoglobin
E. Albumin
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presents in blood vessel's ECM that provide(s) the tensile strength required to
withstand pressure
A. Gap junctions
B. Glycogen
C. Collagen
D. Elastin
E. Hemoglobin
F. Albumin
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1.)
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C.) The fluid matrix is ______?___ percentage of the blood volume.
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SEE MORE QUESTIONS
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Recommended textbooks for you
- Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168130Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark WomblePublisher:OpenStax College
Anatomy & Physiology
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ISBN:9781938168130
Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher:OpenStax College