Bio 2 Ch 20 Worksheet

Phylogeny question

Concept Map: Complete the attached Systematics Concept Map. Type your answer on each level in the space provided. Be sure to include your name; save the file to your computer, Requirements Levels and Key Terms: Levels and Key Terms LevelTerms Level I:Systematics Level II:Phylogeny Biological diversity Level IIITaxonomy Cladistic analysis Level IV:Identification of species Shared primitive characters Classification of species Dichotomously branching phylogenetic tree Shared derived characters Level V:Binomial Genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom Homologous similarities Relative time of origin Fossil records Outgroup comparison Clade Degree of divergence Level VI:Molecular comparisons (DNA, protein) Genus and species Morphology Fossils, DNA, and protein comparisons

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Tree Thinking Review Draw a bracketed phylogenetic tree of the following groups on the next blank page: • Peat Moss • Capybara • Ostrich Fern • Blobfish • White Pine Tree • Protists • Escheria coli • Mexico Whiptail Lizard • Sunflower Sea Star • Bold Jumping Spider • T. Rex • Flatworm • Apple Tree • Archaea • Chanterelle Mushroom Grasshopper Sparrow After you draw your tree, label where the following traits would have evolved. Consider that traits may have evolved more than one time. • Chloroplasts • Seeds • Endosperm • Flowers • Vascular Tissue • Mitochondria Segmentation • Central Nervous System • Notochord • Vertebrae • Nucleus • Membrane Bound Organelles • Peptidoglycans • Cranium Fur • Lactation • Feathers Jaws • Hollow Dorsal Nerve Cord

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STANDARDIZED PHYLOGENETICS BIODIVERSITY EVOLUTION EVIDENCES BIOLÓGISTS KINGDOM TAXONOMY TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION PHYLOGENETIC TREE is in charge of A branch of biology called (2). system. A (4) who are experts in taxonomy, helps scientists The variety of life in the world is known as (1) classifying species and giving names via (3). understand and organize the diversity of life in our planet. Basically, it means groups are classified within larger groups. The hierarchical (5) of hierarchy is called the taxonomic level wherein the (6) different because it tells the history of the (7) (8) on. Scientist must collect accurate information using (9) using a (10) which looks like a sequentially branching tree, starting with one common branch, and then splitting into more branches helps scientists understand and organize the diversity of life in our planet .Each level is the highest and specie the lowest. Phylogeny is of a species or group of organisms. A field of science called works on the…

TRUE OR FALSE 1. The science of cladistics produces a system for naming and classifying organisms. 2. The broadest categories in the system of classification, bellow kingdom level, are called phyla. 3. The only taxonomic unit that is needed to be written in entirely lower case letters are the genus level. 4. When all the organisms in one taxon comes from a single common ancestor, the taxon is considered to be monophyletic. 5. The presence of opposable thumbs in humans and other apes means that we share a common ancestor; this character shows homology. 6. When a derived character is shared by members of the clade, the process is called a symplesiomorphy. 7. Sexually and asexually reproducing organisms which includes polyphyletic groups are known as the phylogenetic species concept. 8. Sympatric speciation occurs when the formations of new species happen in the same geographic area. 9. When a tree is unrooted, it is not necessary needed to have an outgroup. 10. Derived characters are…

for the cactus (eukarotic) and the e coli bacteria (prokarotic) i want you to: Classify them based on modern taxonomy, and write their scientific name in three different ways based on Linnaeus. Describe their dichotomous key and show how far they are in their taxonomyfrom each other and describe how they interact together in the ecosystem basedon what you studied. what is thier location on the phylogenetic tree as well as the clade for both

Practice bio question: Define the term unikont and explain the current taxonomic interpretation of where unikonts arose on the phylogenetic tree of life.

What's more ACTIVITY: Phylogenetic Tree 1. Illustrate the Phylogenic Tree of Human Ancestors.

Of the organisms presented in the Table, which have the most taxa in common?

Classification/Phylogeny Review-Practice Part 2 to divider Review Questions (you may continue your answers on a another slide) 1. What is a phylogeny? 2. Define cladistics. 3. What does phylogenetic classification involve? 4. Why are nucleic acid base sequences directly related to evolution? 5. In cladogram 6 of Figure above, explain how the five species are related to one. 6. Identify an ancestral trait and a derived trait in mammals. Explain your answer. 7. Explain why a cladogram represents only one hypothesis about how evolution occurred. 8. Compare the advantages of Linnaean and phylogenetic classification systems.

Define the following terms in your own words: Taxonomy Classification Description Hierarchy Identification Nomenclature Systematics Phylogeny Character Analogous character Homologous character Character state Clade Cladogram

uestion 35 Based on the phylogenetic tree below, which of the following species has hair? Hair Hinged jaw Vertebral column (backbone) Common Ancestor -II IV O a. Species III O b. Species IV O C Species I O d. Species II

as Tutorials Which of the following is NOT TRUE for modern taxonomy? O Modern taxonomy combines the evolutionary history of taxa with knowledge of plate tectonics and paleo-ecological data e 365 st-All HQ O Modern taxonomy is based on phylogeny which incorporates data ranging from fossils to molecules to genes to derive evolutionary relationships ry Resources O Modern taxonomy is focused on patterns of descent in contrast to Linnaean classification which was solely based on morphological traits ter Dashboard es-WLAC O Modern taxonomy is based primarily on morphological data which are highly correlated with genetic relatedness

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Question: Draw a cladogram with the following eleven animals written across the top, representing the currently accepted phylogeny we discussed this semester. Every animal must be written on the tip of a separate branch; you cannot put two or more names on one branch. Note that the animals are listed here alphabetically, not necessarily in the order that they would be written from left to right on the cladogram. comb jelly koala lampshell lizard octopus owl round worm sea anemone snail soft coral tunicate

Use the following phylogenetic tree to help determine if the provided examples below are homologous structures or analogous structures. Figure 27.10 ANCESTRAL PROTIST Metazoa 770 million years ago ©2014 Pearson Education, Inc Eumetazoa 680 million. years ago 670 million years ago Bilateria Deuterostomia Lophotrochozoa Ecdysozoa The worm shape of a hemicordata and the worm shape of a nematoda Porifera Ctenophora Cnidaria The scales of a fish (chordata) and the scales of a scaleworm (annelida) The shell of the brachiopoda and the shell of the mollusca The shell of a mollusca and the hard outer surface of the arthropods Hemichordata Echinodermata The holes in human skin (pores) and the hole in the body of a porifera Chordata Platyhelminthes Rotifera Ectoprocta Brachiopoda EXAMPLE The round shape of an Echinodermata and the round shape of a ctenophora Mollusca Annelida Nematoda Arthropoda The trochophore larval stage of a Mollusca and the trochophore larval stage of an annelida. Homologous…

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Based on the information from the following table and the provided phylogenetic tree, what kind of species classification is shown? A B C D E F G H 1 J K L M N O Form of Male Genitalia 1 1 L L L L L L L L L L L L L r T Pits) or Tubercles E P P T T T T T P P P P P Р P P O Phenetic Species Concept O Blological Species Concept O Phylogenetic Species Concept O Sympatric Species Concept Blayple (OUTGROUP) beaver Dan, AZ -Twentynine Paime, CA -Harkavilla, UT D-Chilchinbio, NM -Vermilion Cas. AZ 64 -F-Mone Lake, CA -G-Coral Pink Danes, UT H-Pyramid Lake, N -Crescent Dunes, MV Meno Lake CA -K-Olancha CA -Olancha, CA --Winnemucca, NV -El Mirage, CA Lo-Dumont Dunes, CA Form of dorsal ridges M₁ M₁ FFFFFFFFFF M Ma M₂ M₂

Please create an essay about "Why do biologists care about phylogenies?" at least 3 paragraphs

Question:-   Do you think, autapomorphy conveys a lot of information about phylogenetic relations hip? Please explain the reasoning.

TEST I: MATCHING TYPE: Match the concept of column A in column B. Write your answer on the column before each number. A В 1. systematics 2. taxonomy 3. identification 4. nomenclature 5. classification 6. description A. binomials B. group of organisms C. evolutionary history D. unique features E. shared derived characteristics F. numerical taxonomy 7. dichotomous key G. primitive 8. cladogram 9. scientific names H. species concept I. Presents two choices based on the key characteristics of the organisms. J. Assignment of attributes or features to a 10. taxon taxon. K. Associating an unknown taxon to a known one. 11. phylogeny 12. phenetic L. Arrangement of entities into some type of order. 13. apomorphies M. Assignment of names utilizing a formal system. N. Conceptually represents evolutionary pattern of descent. O. Describes biodiversity. P. Human verbal speech Q. outgroup R. Carl Linnaeus 14. synapomorphies 15. plesiomorphic and analyses Earth's

Make a phylogenetic tree

Topic: Role of Molecular Biology in Evolutionary Classification How does the recently developed DNA technology help scientists establish a more accurate classification scheme? Information on DNA can often indicate relatedness between organisms and even provide data on how long they have been evolving separately. Discuss the influence of DNA and molecular biology on the future of evolutionary classification.

Find a current, credible phylogenetic tree representing any group of organisms (your choice)!  Draw that tree and on it indicate nodes, synapomorphes, monophyletic, polyphyletic, and paraphyletic groups (make sure the image you choose is complex enough to show all these groups).  Below your drawing, in paragraph form, describe the relationships of four of the members on your tree based on how a phylogenetic tree is interpreted

Directions: For the following organisms below, you are to sort them into at least 4 different groupings. There must be at least 2 organisms in a grouping. You may place them into columns (in a chart of some sort) or simply Number or your groups and list the organism that are included. ALSO, you must include a written description (at least 2 sentences) describing the characteristics of EACH GROUP that apply to all organisms within that group.   Hint** A quick google search, or image search may provide you the visual data you need to categorize the organisms.   Sponges (Porifera) Cnidarians (Cnidaria) Comb jellies (Ctenophora) Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) Ribbon worms (Nemertea) Nematodes (Nematoda) Arrow worms (Chaetognatha) Segmented worms (Annelida) Sipunculans (Sipuncula) Molluscs (Mollusca) Arthropods (Arthropoda) Bryozoans (Bryozoa) Phoronids (Phoronida) Lamp shells (Brachiopoda) Echinoderms (Echinodermata) Hemichordates (Hemichordata) Chordates (Chordata)

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Rank the following taxonomic classifications from most broad to most specific. Ranks are from 1 to 8 with 1 being the most broad and 8 being the most specific. Class [ Choose ] Phylum [ Choose ] Genus [ Choose ] Domain [ Choose ] Order [ Choose ] Kingdom [ Choose ] Species [ Choose ] Family [ Choose ]