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Exam 1
BIO 3413
SP23
1.
Which of the following statements explains why interstitial fluid is largely protein free?
a.
we need proteins to remain in the blood.
b.
proteins are generally too large to pass through the loose junctions of the systemic capillaries.
c.
proteins create an oncotic pressure which retards the movement of water from the capillaries.
d.
a and c are correct
e.
a, b and c are correct
2.
If blood pressure decreases, then the concentration of potassium in interstitial fluid would:
a.
Increase
b.
Decrease
c.
Not change
d.
any of the above changes could occur
e.
cannot be determined
3.
Which of the following correctly describes normal physiological function in living organisms?
a.
Homeostasis
b.
Equilibrium
c.
steady state
d.
a and c correctly describe
e.
all correctly describe
4.
The concentration of sodium in the interstitial fluid is:
a.
identical to plasma
b.
lower than plasma
c.
largely determined by the concentration in plasma
d.
independent of the concentration in plasma
e.
a and c are correct
5.
A majority of hormones in the body are:
a.
peptide hormones
b.
steroid hormones
c.
amino acid-derived hormones
d.
neurohormones
e.
All of the hormones types are present in almost equal amounts in the body.
6.
A condition which impairs the synthesis of secretory vesicles, will have the most marked impact on signalling by:
a.
Steroid hormones
b.
Peptide hormones
c.
Thyroid hormones
d.
a and c are correct
e.
a, b and c are correct
Exam 1
BIO 3413
SP23
7.
Which of the following structure: synthesis relationships is INCORRECT?
a.
Adrenal medulla: glucocorticoid
b.
Adrenal medulla: Epinephrine
c.
Adrenal cortex: Epinephrine
d.
a and c are INCORRECT
e.
All are CORRECT.
8.
Steroids are not stored because:
a.
they are made on demand
b.
they cannot be stored
c.
they use cytosolic and nuclear receptors
d.
a and c are correct
e.
a, b and c are correct
9.
The dominant adrenergic receptor in the smooth muscle of the arterioles is:
a.
α1
b.
α2
c.
ß1
d.
ß2
e.
Cholinergic
10.
Each of the following statements concerning peptide hormones is true except one. Identify the exception.
a.
Peptide hormones are first synthesized as prohormones.
b.
Prohormones can be activated before their release via post-translational modification.
c.
Peptide hormones remain in circulation for relatively short periods of time.
d.
Peptide hormones in the bloodstream are always bound to carrier proteins.
e.
Peptide hormones interact with receptors on the surface of their target cells.
11.
Which of the following signals is secreted directly into the systemic circulation?
a.
Oxytocin
b.
TSH
c.
ADH (vasopressin)
d.
a and c are correct
e.
a, b and c are correct.
12.
If an enzymatic defect prevents a steroid producing gland from releasing it appropriate steroid end product, then:
a.
it begins releasing steroids which are intermediates of the appropriate steroid
b.
it produces new steroid types it could not previously produce
c.
negative feedback on its steroid production will be lost
d.
steroid synthesis stops due to negative feedback
e.
a and c are correct
13.
The dominant adrenergic receptor in the smooth muscle of the bronchioles is:
Exam 1
BIO 3413
SP23
a.
α1
b.
α2
c.
ß1
d.
ß2
e.
Cholinergic
14.
The type of steroid produced by any gland is determined by:
a.
how readily the cells take up cholesterol
b.
the type of receptors the cell expresses
c.
the type of enzymes the cells express
d.
a and c are correct
e.
a, b and c are correct
15.
Bipotential gonads develop into testes under the influence of:
a.
testes determining factor
b.
androgens
c.
a peptide/protein hormone
d.
a and c are correct
e.
a, b and c are correct
16.
Let us assume, sodium passively moves from the outside of a cell to the inside of the cell. From these observations we can conclude:
a.
there is an inwardly directed concentration gradient for sodium
b.
a protein transporter using ATP likely moves sodium from the outside to the inside of the cell.
c.
a pore exists through which sodium can move
d.
a and c are correct
e.
a, b and c are correct
17.
Menstruation is triggered by a:
a.
increase in the level(s) Estrogen
b.
decrease in the level(s) Progesterone
c.
decrease in the level(s) LH
d.
increase in the level(s) GnRH
e.
a and c are correct
18.
When the testis does not produce anti-Müllerian hormone, a.
There is a failure in glycoprotein synthesis
b.
the Müllerian ducts fail to develop
c.
the upper portion of the vagina will be present regardless of genetic sex
d.
a and c are correct
e.
all are correct
19.
Which of the following would you not observe in the absence of human placental lactogen?
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Related Questions
ACTIVITY NO. 6
CAPILLARY FRAGILITY TEST (Rumple Leede Test)
1. What stage/s in hemostasis is evaluated by Tourniquet Test?
2. Explain briefly the role of the following factors in maintaining vascular integrity.
2.1 Platelets
2.2 Vitamin C
3. Give 3 examples for each of the following bleeding disorders associated with vascular abnormalities
3.1 Connective Tissue Defects
3.1.1 Hereditary
3.1.2 Acquired
3.2 Altered Vessel Wall Structure
3.2.1 Hereditary
3.2.2 Acquired
4. Give a brief description of the following term related to hemostasis.
4.1 Purpura
4.2 Ecchymosis
4.3 Hematoma
5. Illustrate and label the different steps of Rumple Leede Test.
(picture for reference if answers cannot be found please refer to useful websites)
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ADDITIONAL
ACTIVITIES
1. A patient with iron deficiency anemia
experiences shortness of breath, weakness and
has a pale skin. Explain why anemic people
experience and share the same symptoms.
2. A pacemaker is a small device that is placed in
the chest or abdomen to help control abnormal
heart rhythms. This device uses electrical pulses
to prompt the heart to beat at a normal rate. Who
are the patients greatly in need of this procedure
of having pacemaker built in their chest? And
why?
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1. Explain what the effects are of cryotherapy on the blood vessels. How can that be used to help with an acute injury?
2. Describe how blood and cell metabolism can be affected and how that can be used limit acute inflammation.
3. Explain in a paragraph why ice should not be applied prior to exercise. What specific things can be negatively affected?
4. Why should ice be used for 10-20 minutes every few hours?
5-9. Give 5 specific instances that can be treated with cryotherapy. Explain what the issue is, and how ice will help.
10. When would you not use ice?
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Detail if possible
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iac Lab Report
9.
Page 3 of 3
and SV is 70 mL.
a. Calculate ESV:
b. Calculate EF:
C. Based on the given and calculated values, shade in the portion of each vith
that represents the volume of blood present and label the shaded area wiu
the volume in mL.
(Note: The EDV box is always full.)
ESV
AS
After contraction in cardiac contractile cells, some cytosolic calcium is returned to
the ECF by Na/Ca secondary active transport carriers in the sarcolemma. Drugs
called cardiac glycosides inhibit the sarcolemma Na/K pump. Based on this
information, answer these questions about the effects of cardiac glycosides.
000
10.
> Cardiac glycosides (increase or decrease?) the Na concentration gradient
between the cardiac contractile cell ICF and the ECF.
> The change in the Na gradient (increases or decreases?) the activity of the
Na/Ca secondary active transport carriers.
> As a result, the level of calcium in the cytosol (increases or decreases?).
> In the presence of these drugs, the strength of…
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Work 1. Vascular-platelet hemostasis
Circulating platelets
The endothelial cell
O
Subendotelium
O
ADP secretion
Adhesion to subendothelium
Tissue factors Thrombin
Factors of plasma
ADP
Aggregation
Thrombus formation
The thrombus formed by platelets and fibrin
B
Img. 39. Vascular-platelet hemostasis
Describe the processes occurring
in stages: A, B, C.
A.
B.
C.
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4. Nursing assessment
If the systemic blood mass of a person is 2.8 kg, what is the body mass of the person?
a.) 200 kgb.) 100 kgc.) 50 kgd.) 25 kg.
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Exercise No. 7
1. Give the normal differential count of the different blood cells seen.
2. Briefly define the following:
a. Crenation
b. Hemolysis -
c. Rouleaux formation -
Exercise No. 8
1. Differentiate the three (3) types of muscles; tabulated form.
2. Define the sarcoplasmic triad. Where can it be found?
3. What is an intercalated disc?
Exercise No. 9
1. What are neuroglial cells?
2. Differentiate axon and dendrite.
3. What are other nerve endings?
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22,25
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Work 1. Vascular-platelet hemostasis
Describe the processes occurring
in stages: A, B, C.
Circulating platelets
A
ADP secretion
Adhesion to subendothelium
А.
The endothelial cell
Subendotelium
Factors of plasma
В.
B
ADP
Tissue factors Thrombin
Aggregation
Thrombus formation
С.
The thrombus formed by platelets and fibrin
Img. 39. Vascular-platelet hemostasis
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Test IV.
A. Administering First Aid. You and your two other friends were hiking and along the trail you saw a man who is
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Pls answer the following questions. Letters only, no need for explanation
1. Which of the following describes an artery?A. round and larger lumen
B. lumen is large when blood is flowing
C. without valve
D. with valve
2. These permit easier movement of cells between tissues and blood.A. sinusoid capillaries
B. continuous capillariesC. fenestrated capillaries
D. metarterioles
3. Which of the following is TRUE about the heart wall layers?A. subendothelial layer is without smooth muscleB. subendothelial layer is without Purkinje cellsC. myocardia of atria is thicker than ventriclesD. Myocardia of atria is thinner than ventricles
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the heart?A. the lining of the heart is similar to the blood vesselsB. the principal component of the heart is the epicardiumC. endocardium is also known as the serous pericardiumD. endocardium is surrounded by adipocytes
5. The white pulp of spleen _____.A. produce blood cells
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7-10
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Work 3. Exchange of fluid between blood and tissues in the microcirculatory bed.
37
In the diagram, indicate with
arrows:
movement
of fluid in the
bloodstream,
• the release of fluid into the tissue
and return to the blood capillary,
• the transfer of tissue fluid to the
lymphatic capillary,
• identify the forces which support
microcirculation processes.
Lymphatic capillary
Blood capillary
Arteriole
Venule
Img. 48. Proccesses of microcirculation.
What will be the changes of microcirculation (fluid outlet into the tissue and return to the
bloodstream) in the following conditions:
V in case of decreased oncotic pressure
V in case of increased venous pressure
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Order: 1500 mL D5NS IV to run over 12 hoursCalculate the drops per minute (gtts/min) for each of the different tubing.a) ML/hr
b) Macro drop (10 gtt/mL)
c) Micro drip (60 gtt/mL)
Order: dobutamine (Dobutrex) 57mcg/kg/minute IVPatient: 70 lbSupply 500mg/250 mL D5W
Solve for ml/hr.
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10 qtts/min
45 qtts/min
31. 249 qtts/min
55.55 qtts/min
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Hi ,
Could you pls help this math ....pls include your calculate step/ fomulation before your answer. If your answer different from us, we know why you got that answer. Thanks
1. 100ml of IV is ordered over 6 hours. The drop factor is 20. The IV has been running for 4 hours and 400 mls remain in the bag. How many drops/per minutes are required thus the IV infusion completes at the needed time?
2. One IV back containing 400 mg of medication in 100 mls is to be infused to Jack over 120mins. What rate should you set the IV pump at?
3. One IV back have 130 mg of drug in 250 mls is to be infused over half hour. What rate should you set the IV pump at?
4. 1000 ml IV is ordered over 240 mins. The drop factor is 30. The IV has been running for 120mins and still 600mls remain in the flask. How many drops/per minute are required so that the IV finishes at the needed time?
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14:30 •
X
O
Science Grade 9 Mains...
online.fliphtml5.com
Unit Blood Circulatory System
Observe the diagrams in Figures 5 and 6 to answer the following questions.
(a) Compare a red blood cell and a typical animal cell based on the features given in the
following table. Then fill the table accordingly.
Table 1: Comparison between a RBC and a typical animal cell
Typical animal cell
Features
Shape of cell
200
Nudeus
Haemoglobin
(b) State the features that are common to both cells, based on Table 1.
© I
O Full
L
(c) The red pigment (haemoglobin), found in RBCs, binds and carries oxygen throughout the
body.
Red blood cell
anglais français
On the basis of what you learnt in activities 1.2 and 1.3, suggest how the structure of a red
blood cell is adapted to its main function of carrying oxygen around the body.
0
WHAT I HAVE LEARNT
1. Blood consists of plasma, RBCs, WBCs and platelets.
2. Red blood cells have red pigment haemoglobin, which carries oxygen around the body.
3. RBCs are adapted to…
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2. What conditions may be associated with high AND low platelets?
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- ACTIVITY NO. 6 CAPILLARY FRAGILITY TEST (Rumple Leede Test) 1. What stage/s in hemostasis is evaluated by Tourniquet Test? 2. Explain briefly the role of the following factors in maintaining vascular integrity. 2.1 Platelets 2.2 Vitamin C 3. Give 3 examples for each of the following bleeding disorders associated with vascular abnormalities 3.1 Connective Tissue Defects 3.1.1 Hereditary 3.1.2 Acquired 3.2 Altered Vessel Wall Structure 3.2.1 Hereditary 3.2.2 Acquired 4. Give a brief description of the following term related to hemostasis. 4.1 Purpura 4.2 Ecchymosis 4.3 Hematoma 5. Illustrate and label the different steps of Rumple Leede Test. (picture for reference if answers cannot be found please refer to useful websites)arrow_forwardADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES 1. A patient with iron deficiency anemia experiences shortness of breath, weakness and has a pale skin. Explain why anemic people experience and share the same symptoms. 2. A pacemaker is a small device that is placed in the chest or abdomen to help control abnormal heart rhythms. This device uses electrical pulses to prompt the heart to beat at a normal rate. Who are the patients greatly in need of this procedure of having pacemaker built in their chest? And why?arrow_forward1. Explain what the effects are of cryotherapy on the blood vessels. How can that be used to help with an acute injury? 2. Describe how blood and cell metabolism can be affected and how that can be used limit acute inflammation. 3. Explain in a paragraph why ice should not be applied prior to exercise. What specific things can be negatively affected? 4. Why should ice be used for 10-20 minutes every few hours? 5-9. Give 5 specific instances that can be treated with cryotherapy. Explain what the issue is, and how ice will help. 10. When would you not use ice?arrow_forward
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