CBIO 3010L Lab Manual 05_22_22

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University Of Georgia *

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Functional Human Anatomy Laboratory Manual Rob Nichols Cellular Biology University of Georgia

Laboratory Safety Rules Safety in any laboratory must be of primary importance. At times, your work in the laboratory may involve chemicals and equipment that can cause injuries if handled improperly. Accidents are usually the result of (1) lack of preparation and/or (2) carelessness. To avoid both, you should carefully read through the labora- tory and its activities in advance of coming to the lab. To further avoid accidents, the following general rules should be followed during all laboratory exercises: 1. Know the location of the eye-wash station(s). Their proper use will be demonstrated by your lab instruc- tor or TA. Proper and timely use will be critical in the event an accident happens. 2. Eating and drinking in the lab are prohibited at all times. Food and drinks should be left in the hallway outside the lab. 3. Dress appropriately and professionally: sandals, open-toed shoes, and bare feet are prohibited at all times in the lab. If you are dressed inappropriately, you will not be permitted to enter the lab, and will be counted absent for that day. 4. Long hair should be tied back, and any hanging jewelry should be removed or secured. 5. Occasionally, some lab exercises will warrant the use of protective lab wear (goggles, lab apron, and gloves). Follow your lab instructor’s recommendations on their use. 6. Handle any glassware and solutions carefully to avoid spills and breakage. Close all containers immedi- ately after use. Immediately inform your lab instructor of any spills or breakage. 7. Anything that comes in contact with bodily fluids should be disposed of in a biohazard bag or sharps container. 8. Never work alone and never perform any unauthorized experiments. 9. Wash your hands any time you get any chemicals on your skin. Wash your hands thoroughly at the end of each lab day. 10. Any medical condition that might prevent full participation in the exercises in the lab should be dis- cussed with your lab instructor in advance.

Acknowledgement of Laboratory Safety Rules Instructions: 1. Carefully read the complete Laboratory Safety Rules on the previous page. 2. Read the short acknowledgement paragraph below. 3. Print out a hardcopy of this page. 4. Fill in all the blanks below the acknowledgement paragraph. 5. Submit this completed page to your laboratory instructor or TA during the first laboratory session of the semester. Acknowledgement: I have carefully read and understood the Laboratory Safety Rules on page 2 of the FHA Lab Manual. I will follow the policies in all laboratory exercises, lis- ten carefully to the instructions and directions of my Teaching Assistant (TA), and help my classmates do likewise. Printed Name: _________________________________________________________________ Student Signature: ______________________________________________________________________________ Date: ______________________ Lab Day: _________________ Lab Time: __________________

Before You Start: An Introduction to the CBIO 3010 Lab 1 Lab Participation As you begin your study of anatomy, you might often feel like you are learning to speak another language. In a way, you are: you are learning the common language of anatomists worldwide; a language that has developed over millennia, reaching back over 3000 years! Learning a new language has few (if any) real short-cuts. The major keys to success in mastering this language is repeated exposure to lab structures and studying in groups with others. For this reason, we believe that your regular participation in labs is worth some effort, and worth rewarding. At the end of each practical unit, you will take a practical exam (see below), but you will also be given a participation score worth up to 5 points. These points will be awarded by your TA based on their observation of your attendance and work in the lab with other students. Lab Information Your laboratory teaching assistants (TAs) set laboratory policy with final approval by the laboratory coordinator and course instructor. Your TA will discuss these policies in detail during your first lab meeting. All laboratory conflicts or questions should be directed first to your TA. If they cannot resolve your conflict, then please contact the course instructor. You are expected to attend only the laboratory section for which you are registered in Athena. Under certain extraordinary circumstances, the laboratory coordinator may ap- prove a change in laboratory section assignment or provide temporary permission to at- tend an alternate laboratory section. This must be done through the course instructor. Lab Practicals Laboratory practicals are designed to test your ability to visually identify pinned or labeled structures on models or dissected specimens. Each laboratory practical is worth up to 50 points and consists entirely of fill-in-the blank items. They will be set up in the form of station-type questions that will include questions regarding particular structures, individ- ual organs (partial or whole), models or bones situated at each station. There will be four laboratory practicals, scheduled on 4 Thursday evenings during the se- mester. The dates of these practicals will be on the eLC calendar. Please make careful note of these dates, since a missed practical cannot be rescheduled or made up. ( Note: an ex- ception to the number of practicals and the days/times is sometimes made during the summer semester. Please follow the schedule of lecture exams and lab practicals posted on eLC for your specific semester). On the practicals, you are expected to answer the specific question asked at each station with a specific and clear handwritten answer. This may include side identification (right or left) and structure identification (artery, nerve, vein, etc.) in addition to the specific struc- ture’s anatomical name. Some of these policies may vary by semester. Please pay attention to your TA’s specific instructions regarding your class. 1

Lab Practical Grading 2 Laboratory practicals are graded according to the following criteria: Points per Question Grading Criteria Full Credit Completely correct; answer is legible and identical to the answer key. Half Credit a. Answer is correct but handwriting is unclear and must be deciphered. b. Minor misspelling Example: Keyed answer: Ileum Student answer: Illeum No Credit a. Other than keyed answer or answer is left blank. Example: Keyed answer: Femoral artery Student answer: Radial artery b. Handwriting is illegible and cannot be deciphered. c. More than one answer is in the answer space, even if one is correct. Example: Keyed answer: Femoral artery Student answer: Femoral artery Radial artery (both written in the answer space) d. Side identification is incorrect. Example: Keyed answer: Left gonadal artery Student answer: Right gonadal artery e. General structure type is incorrect. Example: Keyed answer: Ulnar vein Student answer: Ulnar artery f. Answer is significantly misspelled or misspelling refers to another anatomical structure. Example: Keyed answer: Ileum Student answer: Ilium Decisions about grading are at the discretion of your TA, under the guidance of the course instructor of record (IOR). Final decisions about 2 grading these answers will be arbitrated by the IOR.

Lab 0: An Introduction to Anatomical Terminology Introduction: The Study of Anatomy and Anatomical Position As you begin your study of anatomy, you will often feel as though you are learning to speak a foreign language. In a way, you are: you are learning the common language of health professionals worldwide. For centuries scientists have used Latin as the common language of communication across borders, boundaries, and even time. And this remains true to this day. Although Latin is no longer the standard language of publication in sci- ence, much of our terminology comes from Latin and, by extension, the language of Greek before it. In previous centuries, students who were new to anatomy would have had years of prior Latin and Greek language study. While this is no longer the case for most students today, it remains true that the common language of the health sciences is based in Latin and Greek roots (there’s a nice article on Wikipedia that collects together some of the most common prefixes, suffixes, and word roots: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ List_of_medical_roots,_suffixes_and_prefixes ). So in this way, Latin and Greek remain our standard “starting point” for communication in anatomy. Since the practice of medicine is frequently a “matter of life and death,” even the student new to the professions would understand the importance of accuracy. You must be precise in your knowledge about the body, but also precise in how you communicate your knowl- edge, both written and spoken. You should be able to spell and speak anatomy terminolo- gy correctly to be sure you are getting your point across accurately, for the sake of the lis- tener, but mostly for the sake of your patients. So building on these two points of the importance of a standard language and the urgency of accurate communication, we introduce your first official anatomy term: anatomical position (figure 1 on the next page). Anatomical position is our standard starting point for all of the medical terminology that follows. When one is in anatomical position, they are standing, arms at your side, legs straight, face forward, palms forward, toes for- ward . All of the directional terms you will learn in the next section will be based on this position. As an example, the eyes are said to be “superior” to the mouth. Even if a patient is lying down (or even a gymnast hanging upside down!), in anatomical terms, the eyes are al- ways superior to the mouth.

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