Assignment 3

Review & Practi Now available in MasteringA&P Ex Physiology of the Ear Name Date Section A. Matching Match each description listed on the left with its correct structure on the right. 1. maculac A. loss of balance 2. cristae B. site of auditory receptors C. vibrates oval window D. trar.smits sound wave to auditory ossicles E. receptors for static equilibrium F. dissipates sound energy G. receptors for dynamic equilibrium H. loss of nerve function I. damage to tympanic membrane 3. frequency of sound 4. nerve deafness 5. conduction deafness 6. cochlca 7. stapes 8. round window 9. tympanic membrane 10. nystagmus J. eye movements during rotation 11. amplitude K. volume of a sound 12. vertigo L. pitch of a sound B. Short-Answer Questions 1. Describe the process of hearing. 2. Explain how sound waves striking the tympanic membrane result in movement of fluids in the inner ear. 3. Describe the receptors for dynamic and static equilibrium. 4. What is the range of sound frequencies that humans…

A. Medial superior olive   B. Lateral superior olive   C. Medial nucleus of the trapezoid body

1. Scenario: Raul went to the doctor 2 weeks ago. He has been experiencing a severe buzzing in his right ear. Overtime, he feels as if he cannot hear in that ear. It is so bad that some days he feels as if he is deaf. From the extract above answer the following questions: a. Explain what is happening to Raul and what is a possible reason for that occurrence b. Explain the process of hearing and what effect does the point mentioned in A has on this process c. What treatment plan would the doctor recommend for Raul

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Localizing sound travelling in the vertical plane involves 1. using one ear and the reflection of sound off of outer ear structures 2.  using interaural time delays when the sound frequency is high 3. None of them 4. using sound shadows reflecting the differences in intensity when the sound frequency is low  5. All of them

Sensorineural hearing loss can include all of the following EXCEPT: Select one: a. hearing loss caused by exposure to excessive workplace noise b. hearing loss caused by age-related degeneration c. hearing loss caused by excessive music listening d. hearing loss caused by an infection resulting in fluid buildup in the middle ear.

The fire alarm siren produces a high pitch sound A.Explain the steps involved in transferring, and perceiving the siren sound waves in the cochlea of the ear (mention all relevant steps involved in the hearing of a high pitch sound in the cochlea).  B.If the cochlea basilar membrane vibrations are inhibited (decreased), how will it affect hearing, and why? (Mention the effects on the relevant events in the cochlea involved in hearing).

Identity Identify the pointed structure a. JG cells b. Intramesangial cells c. Extramesangial cells d. Macula Densa e. Mesanglia cells f. Macula lutea

Label the following numbers: 31, 32 & 37 of the inner ear (B) and cochlea in transverse position (C)

28 Which of the following sensory systems utilize(s) mechanically-gated ion channels? i. Vision ii. Audition iii. Olfaction iv. Somatosensation a. i and ii b. ii, iii, and iv c. ii and iv d. ii, iii, and iv e. i, ii, iii, and iv f. None of those sensory systems

31. A 43-year-old man has had progressive hearing loss since he began to work in a factory that makes jet engines 10 years ago. Sound does not lateralize to either ear in the Weber test, and air conduction is greater than bone conduction in the Rinne test. Audiography shows a 40-d8 increase in hearing threshold for high-frequency sounds. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the hearing loss? A) Cell loss in the dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei B) Damage to the basilar membrane near the apex of both cochleas C) Disruption of the ossicular chains in both ears D) Loss of hair cells near the base of both cochleas E) Scarring of both tympanic membranes

55. which statements are true about the Auditory Function a. Sound waves are funneled by the auricle down the external acoustic meatus, causing the tympanic membrane to vibrate.  b. The tympanic membrane vibrations are passed along the auditory ossicles to the oval window of the inner ear.  c. Movement of the stapes in the oval window causes the perilymph, vestibular membrane, and endolymph to vibrate, producing movement of the basilar membrane. d.Movement of the basilar membrane causes bending of the stereocilia of inner hair cells in the spiral organ.

3. The Sense of Hearing Sound Production - Labeling Activity 1 The figure below events are numbered A-G in the order they happen. Read the descriptions of the events bellow and place the correct letter in the blank before its description. represents the chain of events that result in the perception of sound. These A) B A. Oval window movement sets up fluid wave inside the cochlea that stimulates the hair cells of the organ of Corti. B. Temporal lobe interprets nerve impulses as sound or balance. C. Sound waves enter external auditory canal. D. Sound waves cause tympanic membrane to vibrate. E. Vestibulocochlear nerve carries impulses to temporal lobe of brain. F. Tympanic membrane causes auditory ossicles to move. G. Movement of stapes causes oval window to move in and out. 356 Special Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium | Laboratory 17 © bluedoor, LLC

Hearing in brain is associated with: A. Frontal lobe                                          B. Occipital lobeC. Temporal lobe                                      D. Parietal lobe

25. Which of the following is/are TRUE with regards Noise-Induced Hearing Loss 1. It results from long duration and repetitive exposure to noise. II. Because of its gradual progression, it is considered an occupational injury rather than an occupational disease. III. Once noise exposure stops, the hearing loss does not progress significantly. A. I only B. Il only C. I and II D. I and III 26. Which of the following should an ergonomist consider when assessing the fit between a person and his/her work? 1. The equipment used III. Job being done Information IV. Workplace 4 II. A. I, III B. I, II, III C. II, IV D. I, III, IV

Explain all point of question with proper answer) .

Discuss the somewhat surprising outcome of research on hearing loss in urban versus rural environments, and the physiological explanation behind it. Please include references.

26.  The retinal implants described in Lecture 14 gather information about light entering the eye and send it directly to primary visual cortex. a. True b. False

High frequency sounds stimulate and are best received by the A. cochlear base B. cochlear apex C. Neither

Please help asap and explain why you chose the given answer of choice

II. True or False. Write the letter of your choice based on the choices in the box below.. A- If only the first statement is correct B- If only the second statement is correct C- If both statements are correct D- If both the statements are incorrect 7. A. The Bowmans gland secretes mucous to dissolve tastants. B. Olfaction has a low threshold and fast adaptability thus smell is difficult to perceive. 8. A. Bitter tastants have the lowest threshold thus it is easily perceived even at a small amount B. Odorants stimulates the G protein in the olfactory hair which leads to events that generates impulses. 9. A. You can identify any taste in all sides of the surface of the tongue. B. The red eye on pictures is reflection of the blood vessels found in the retina.

3 questions 1.) Which of the following is NOT a property of the rod cells found in the retina? A.) A rod cell can detect a single photon of light. B.) They are concentrated mainly in the fovea centralis. C.) The rods detect motion and are responsible for peripheral vision . D.) There are about 125 million rods in the retina. 2.) Which of the following statements CORRECTLY describes the function of a component of a reflex arc? a.Sensory neurons gather information from effectors. b.Sensory receptors receive stimuli from interneurons. Question 3 is in the pic c.Motor neurons conduct impulses from interneurons to effectors. d.Effectors act as integration centres.

Label these illustrations by choosing the letter of the correct label from the given set of choices