Process of meiosis

Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells that are identical to the starting cell. Explain how meíosis is different using this diagram to help you. 1) How many cells are created through meiosis? 2) Describe the chromosomes in each gamete at the end of meiosis? Are the set of chromosomes in a gamete identical to the starting cell like they are in mitosis? Are there the same number of chromosomes in each gamete as the starting cell? Starting cell's chromosomes: 1А, 1B, 2A, 2B Interphase After the S phase of interphase: 4 pairs of sister chromatids 1A 1A 1B 1B 2A 2A 2B 2B Meiosis has 2 rounds of cell division 1A, 1A, 1B, 1B, 2A 2B 2A 2B tv MacBook Air DII DD 80 888 F9 F10 F6 F7 F8 F4 F3 * #3 2$ % & 8 9 3 4 E T. Y F G J K * CO R

Mitosis is used to make more body cells while meiosis is only used to make gametes for sexual reproduction. Use the diagram to identify one similarity and one difference between mitosis and meiosis. Your answer must specifically refer to this diagram. [i.e. say what specific cells in the diagram show the similarity or difference] Mitosis Parent cell Meiosis Parent cell DNA replicates DNA replicates 2 daughter cells 2 daughter cells 4 daughter cells U.S. National Library of Medicine (Level 3) tv МacВook Air 80 DD F5 F7 F8 F9 F10 F2 F3 @ # $ & * 3 4 9. 7 8 W E R Y 一 S H J K C V M V

Human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are present in human cells undergoing each of the following phases of meiosis?   Interphase - Answer: 0 2 3 4 6 9 2   Prophase I - Answer: 0 2 3 4 6 9 2 Prophase II  - Answer: 0 2 3 4 6 9 2 Telophase I  - Answer: 0 2 3 4 6 9 2 Telophase II - Answer: 0 2 3 4 6 9 2

A cell undergoing division has a haploid chromosome number of 8. Give the numerical value for each of the following: number of chromatids in a cell in prophase of mitosis number of chromosomes in a cell in metaphase of mitosis number of homologous pairs in a cell in anaphase of meiosis I number of centromeres in a cell in anaphase of meiosis I number of chromatids in a cell in metaphase of meiosis II number of centromeres in a cell in prophase of meiosis II

A cat has 38 total chromosomes (19 pairs). If one cell undergoes either mitosis or meiosis, identify the number of chromosomes and chromatids present in every phase of cell cycle. Also, indicate the total number of cells after each type of cell division.

The process of meiosis occurs during the  ​ ​   cell cycle  production   and results in  ​ ​   four unique diploid four identical diploid cells  four unique haploid cells  four identical haploid cells  . To maintain the correct number of chromosomes in offspring, male and female gametes contain  ​ ​   the same number  half of the number  twice the number   of chromosomes as somatic cells. During fertilization, gametes fuse to form a  ​ ​   diploid  haplid  cell called a zygote.

9) A diploid cell is preparing to undergo meiosis. Before the 'S' phase, the cell has 6 picograms (pg) of DNA in it. Answer the following: a) After the 'S' phase of the cell cycle what ploidy is the cell? How many picograms of DNA does it contain? b) After meiosis I, how many daughter cells are there total? What is the ploidy of each cell? How many picograms of DNA does each cell contain?

Mitosis is used to make more body cells while meiosis is only used to make gametes for sexual reproduction. Use the diagram to identify one similarity and one difference between mitosis and meiosis. Your answer must specifically refer to this diagram. [i.e. say what specific cells in the diagram show the similarity or difference] Mitosis Parent cell Meiosis Parent cell DNA replicates DNA replicates 2 daughter cells 2 daughter cells 4 daughter cells U.S. National Librany of Medicine (Level 3) tv 6 MacBook Air DII DD 888 F8 F9 F10 F11 F4 F5 F6 F7 F2 F3 #3 $ % 3 4 9. 7 8 E R Y D F G H J K C V %3D V B

All of the following are distinctions between the process of mitosis and meiosis EXCEPT: Group of answer choices homologous chromosomes in meiotic cells conduct synapsis meiotic cells produce genetically distinctive cells meiotic cells go through two cell divisions meiotic cells have homologous chromosomes where mitotic cells do not 2. A scientist working in an IVF (in vitro fertilization) clinic mistakenly produced a human zygote with 45 chromosomes. What biological process could explain how this happened? Group of answer choices failure of an egg to complete meiosis II failure of the egg nucleus to be fertilized by the sperm a non-disjunction in meiotic anaphase occurring in either an egg or sperm incomplete cytokinesis during spermatogenesis after meiosis I

Assuming all of the chromosomes present during Meiosis II are shown in the figure above, how many chromosomes (counting homologous pairs as two chromosomes) does a cell from this organism have immediately after fertilization?

Which of the following statements are true regarding mitosis in humans?

Mitosis happens throughout the male life cycle however, meiosis takes place only for a limited period of his life cycle. Select one: True False In a human body, kidney cells have a different DNA from the one present in the lung cells, because type does a different function. Select one: True False Mitochondria in cells of plant seeds break down starch to produce energy in the form of ATP Select one: True False When a red blood cell (RBC) is placed in distilled water it will shrink Select one: True False

Imagine a precursor germ cell (which will become a sperm or egg cell) from a diploid organism. Before the cell undergoes meiosis, it has a total of 40 chromosomes. Which of the following are true for this cell? Select all that apply The value of n is 40 After the first meiotic division, the cells will be haploid After the second meiotic division, there will be four cells When meiosis is complete, the sperm/egg will have 20 chromosomes

Which of the following statements are true regarding mitosis in humans? 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes are separated four haploid gametes are produced in males 46 pairs of homologous chromosomes are separated two genetically identical daughter cells are produced 23 pairs of sister chromatids are separated 46pairs of sister chromatids are separated 1 haploid gamete and 2 polar bodies are produced in females

Meiosis is also known as reduction cell division because it reduces the ploidy level from diploid (2n) to haploid (n). Why do we need to reduce our ploidy level in certain cells?

Which of the following differentiates meiosis from mitosis? mitosis is used for the repair of cells, whereas meiosis creates cells for sexual reproduction.   In mitosis four identical daughter cells are produced, whereas two genetically different cells are produced in meiosis   meiosis is a form of asexual division, whereas mitosis is a form of sexual division   mitosis occurs in prokaryotic cells, whereas meiosis occurs in eukaryotic cells

Every somatic cell in a human contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. Pairs 1 to 22 are autosomes, while pair 23 are the sex chromosomes. The pairs are described as homologous chromosomes. Answer the following questions about homologous chromosomes: Where do the chromosomes that make up each pair come from? Explain how the terms homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids are different.  In genetic males, there is one pair that is not homologous. Identify the pair and explain why.

In humans, each cell normally contains a diploid (2n) chromosome number of 46. Say that a human body cell and sex cell will undergo mitosis and meiosis respectively, provide the number of chromosomes in each cell for every stage. Stage of Mitosis Number of Stages of Meiosis Number of Chromosomes in Chromosomes in One Cell One Cell Prophase 2n = Prophase 1 2n = Prometaphase 2n = Prometaphase 1 2n = Metaphase 2n = Metaphase 1 2n = Anaphase 2n = Anaphase 1 2n = Telophase and Cytokinesis Telophase 1 and Cytokinesis 2n = n = Prophase 2 Prometaphase 2 n = Metaphase 2 n = Anaphase 2 = u Telophase 2 and Cytokinesis n =

The diploid chromosome number of an organisms is 8. How many of each of the following are present in each cell at the stage of mitosis and meiosis indicated?

A normal diploid cell from a chimpanzee has 48 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will be in a chimpanzee cell just before meiosis begins, after meiosis I, and after meiosis II? After which of these stages will the chromosomes have two chromatids?

During metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes.The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes (2n=4) . Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is 22 or 4.For an organism that is , there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is 23 or 8. In an organism with a haploid number of 2n=6 , how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes?   a. 72=49 b. 27=128 c.17=1 d. 214=16 384

A diploid cell has 4C genetic material and 16 chromosomes at the start of cell division. Determine:

Can be more than one answer: Select all of the following that are true of MEIOSIS but not of MITOSIS. a) cell division occurs during cytokinesis b) results in two identical daughter cells c) halves the number of chromosomes in a cell d) spindle fibers contract during anaphase e) tetrads line up on metaphase plate

If the amount (mass) of DNA in a diploid cell during G1 phase prior to meiosis I is 8 pg (picograms), how much DNA would be present in a daughter cell immediately following: A) meiosis I? B) meiosis II? (for your information, this cell will function as a gamete) HINT: Go through the process of meiosis one step at a time.  DNA replication would double the amount of DNA in the cell, cell division divides the DNA into two daughter cells.