LS2A03_F2023_Test1_SampleQs

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Dec 6, 2023

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1 LIFE SCI 2A03 – Fall 2023 Test 1 - Sample questions Note: Remember that any poll questions are also good sample questions for Test 1. 1. Which of the following statements with regards to the null hypothesis is INCORRECT? a) Researchers use statistical tests to decide whether to reject it or not b) It can be stated as a statement of "no association” c) It is always contrary to the research hypothesis d) It can be stated as a statement of "no effect" e) All of the above 2. Which step of the scientific method the following statement refers to? ‘In order to test whether plants require sunlight to live, Dr. VGRM placed one group of plants in the dark and one group of plants in the light ’ a) Making observations and formulating a question b) Formulating a hypothesis followed by a prediction c) Gathering and analyzing data d) Formulating a conclusion e) Performing an experiment 3. (Following up question 2) Dr. VGRM assigned 10 old plants from species ‘A’ into the ‘dark group’ and 10 young plants from species ‘B’ into the ‘light group’. She made sure to supply both groups of plants with the same amount of water. Which of the following could have been a confounding variable for which she did NOT control for? a) Number of plants in each group b) Species c) Developmental stage d) Amount of water received e) B and C 4. Based on what we discussed in class, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of science? a) Scientific conclusions are unchangeable b) Science is based upon empirical knowledge c) Science can only provide rational explanations of phenomena d) Scientific results that can be repeated are more reliable e) Scientific hypotheses are testable 5. One morning, Dr. VGRM decides to test the hypothesis that newts can regenerate their limbs in 10 weeks. In order to do so, she collects 12 newts from the field. After receiving ethical approval, she randomly assigns subjects to two groups: experimental and control group. She amputates the left forelimb of the 6 newts randomly assigned to the experimental group, leaving the other 6 newts untouched (control group). Next, she examines whether the amputated limbs re-grow in 10 weeks. Based on this information, you would most likely classify her research study as a) experimental b) observational c) secondary d) descriptive e) clinical

2 6. Which of the following actions she took likely helped her reduce bias? a) Randomly allocating subjects into the groups b) Inclusion of a control group c) Having 3 technicians performing amputations on the 6 newts d) Small sample size e) A and B 7. Smith et al. investigated a potential relationship between tuberculosis treatment (isoniazid) and hepatic injury in a prospective cohort design study, comparing the number of hepatic events (injury) in exposed (to isoniazid) vs. non-exposed individuals after 6 month-treatment. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? a) isoniazid exposure is the predictor variable b) isoniazid exposure is the response variable c) number of hepatic events is the response variable d) number of hepatic events is the predictor variable e) A and C 8. To their surprise, Smith and colleagues didn’t find significant differences between groups, thus a) They failed to reject the alternative hypothesis b) They failed to reject the null hypothesis c) They accepted the research hypothesis d) They rejected the null hypothesis e) A and D 9. Dr. Bombardier recently learned that 1 ml of Drug B has successfully been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. He is interested in examining a new drug (Drug A) that is structurally similar to Drug B and thus has the potential to inhibit proliferation of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, he decides to perform an experiment where he treats 3 batches of cancer cells as follows: Plate 1: cancer cells treated with 1 ml of Drug A Plate 2: cancer cells treated with 5 ml of Drug A Plate 3 cancer cells treated with 1 ml of Drug B Plate 4: cancer cells without treatment Based on the information provided above, which of the following statements is CORRECT? a) Plate 1 represents a positive control group b) Plate 2 represents a negative control group c) Plate 3 represents a positive control group d) Plate 3 represents a negative control group e) Plate 4 represents a positive control group 10. A likely prediction Dr. Bombardier formulated when performing the experiment mentioned above was a) Cancer cells treated with 1 ml of Drug A should show similar level of proliferation to that of cells treated with 1ml of Drug B b) Cancer cells treated with the Drug A should proliferate to the same degree as non-treated cancer cells c) Cancer cells treated with the Drug A should proliferate more than non-treated cancer cells d) Cancer cells treated with the Drug B should proliferate more than non-treated cancer cells e) None of the above

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