Hypothesis Testing
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Dec 6, 2023
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HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Osmosis
30pts
Hypotheses are developed based on observations of the world. Sometimes, a hypothesis can be
developed based on the observations made by others. For this activity you will use your knowledge of
osmosis to generate a hypothesis and prediction. You will then test that hypothesis and assess the data.
TASKS
●
Develop a hypothesis and prediction based on your knowledge of osmosis
●
Decide on a method of data collection that will allow you to test your hypothesis
●
Collect, record, and analyze data
●
Evaluate the outcome of your experiment relative to your hypothesis
Materials
For this activity you will need the following:
●
Celery (one bunch)
●
4 cups/containers capable of holding at least 1cp of fluid
●
Water
●
Salt
●
Food color (red or blue) if possible
Instructions –
Part 1
1.
Review what you know about osmosis. Refer back to notes or your textbook
2.
Write a hypothesis based on that knowledge USING YOUR OWN WORDS.
-If celery is placed in a hypertonic salt solution, it will wilt more compared to celery in a hypotonic or
isotonic water solution because the salt solution has lower water concentration.
3.
Develop a prediction for the behavior of a stalk of celery under one of the treatment conditions
listed below based on that hypothesis.
-The celery in the hypertonic salt solution will shrink and become softer while the celery in the
hypotonic and isotonic water solution will stay firm and remain hydrated.
Condition
Salt
Water
Food Coloring
Control
0
1 cp (8 oz) (240ml)
1 drop
Isotonic
¼ tsp
1 cp (8 oz) (240ml)
1 drop
Hypotonic
1/8 tsp
1 cp (8 oz) (240ml)
1 drop
Hypertonic
1 tsp
1 cp (8 oz) (240ml)
1 drop
Part 2
1.
Use the information in the table above to set up a control and four treatment conditions. One
condition per cup/container. Stir each solution well to dissolve the salt and distribute the food
coloring (if used)
BIOL 151
Sp2021
2.
Remove a stalk of celery from the bunch and cut the top and bottom of the stalk leaving a
15-18cm length (~ 6-8 inches). Cut below any leaves that might be at the top of the stalk.
3.
Place one length of celery into each container of water. Orient the stalk so the bottom of the
stalk (wider end) is submerged in the water and the top (narrower end) is above the water level.
4.
Note the day and time that you started the experiment
5.
Visually monitor the celery over time making qualitative observations.
6.
Record your observations IN WORDS AND IN DRAWINGS. Include a scale bar in your
drawing
1.
Draw the Containers: Draw four cups or containers. Label them as Control, Salt
Solution, Water, and Food Coloring Solution.
2.
Celery Stalk: Draw a long, vertical rectangle representing the celery stalk.
3.
Water Level: Draw a horizontal line inside each container to represent the water
level.
4.
Labeling: Label the wider end of the celery stalk as the bottom (submerged in the
water) and the narrower end as the top (above the water level).
5.
Scale Bar: Include a scale bar, a small line with a number indicating the length it
represents, to show the size accurately.
Part 3
1.
Cut another stalk of celery into four short segments of about 3cm (1inch) each.
2.
Drop one short segment into each of the four treatment containers.
3.
Remove the segment of celery from the water at the point in time that you observe a noticeable
change in the larger celery stalk.
4.
Make qualitative observations of the celery segment. Qualitative measures include touch. What
happens if you apply pressure to the celery segment?
-The celery piece submerged in the hypertonic salt solution feels notably flexible and softer to the
touch. The celery piece bends easily when you apply light pressure its almost decaying in your palm.
On the other hand the celery segment in the hypotonic water solution feels sturdy and firm. It doesn't
bend as easy and stays firm when pressure is applied. The celery segment in the hypertonic solution
has become more delicate and less pressure-resistant due to the loss of structure, shown by the change
in texture and reaction to pressure.
5.
Record your observations IN WORDS.
Observation Report
1.
Summarize
your understanding of osmosis. Explain the concept USING YOUR OWN
WORDS.
2.
State
your hypothesis and prediction
3.
Briefly summarize
your observations IN WORDS AND IN DRAWINGS. Was your
prediction accurate?
4.
Discuss
whether your hypothesis was supported. Explain why or why not.
5.
Propose
an experiment that would be more quantitative. How could you
measure
the effect of
osmosis? You can propose any (reasonable) experiment. You are not limited to using equipment
and materials that you have on hand in your house.
BIOL 151
Sp2021
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