BIO 1121 unit 5 written assingment V2

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Dec 6, 2023

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BIO 1121 Unit 5 Written Assignment UNIT 5: Cell Communication Department of Health Sciences University of the People Instructor: Chidozie Udeogu BIOL 1121-01 July 16, 2023
Paracrine Signaling Pathway: EGF EGF function: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a growth factor that promotes cell growth and cell division. It is also involved in wound healing and tissue repair. EGF is made by various cells such as epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells (Wong & Guillaud, 2004). Specific ways of functioning as signaling molecules: EGF binds to the EGF receptor, a transmembrane protein. The EGF receptor is a protein that can attach to tyrosine residues and add a phosphate group to them. Binding of EGF to the EGF receptor activates the receptor and phosphorylates many other proteins. These phosphorylated proteins trigger a series of events that lead to cell growth and division. Receptor: EGF receptors are transmembrane proteins present on the surface of cells. It is a tyrosine kinase receptor, meaning it has an enzymatic domain capable of phosphorylating tyrosine residues. Binding of EGF to the EGF receptor activates the receptor and phosphorylates many other proteins. These phosphorylated proteins trigger a series of events that lead to cell growth and division. EGF is an example of a short-range signaling molecule, meaning that it can only diffuse a short distance from the cell that produces it. It is also an example of a growth factor, meaning a
protein that promotes cell growth and division. EGF signaling is a complex process involving many different proteins. However, the basic principle is that EGF binds to the EGF receptor, which activates the EGF receptor, triggering a series of events that lead to cell growth and division. This is a diagram of the EGF signaling pathway: EGF-> EGF receptor-> Tyrosine kinase activation-> Signaling Cascade-> cell proliferation/cell division.
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