Exam 4 Comparative Psychology

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Note a particular animal behaviour at the Central Experimental Farm in Ottawa, (eg. chickens, cows, horses, sheep) on at least four (4) different occasions, taking note of the animal’s targeting (observed) behaviour, as well as any other competing or associated behaviours that may have an impact on that animal’s decision-making processes while under your observation. Your total observation time over the 4 periods must add up to at least 2 hours of data. Keep a log of these observations and also do a 1-page report attempting to describe the adaptive value of the behaviour that you observed. For clarification, the adaptive value is a measure of the evolutionary impacts of a behaviour, i.e. the ultimate function of a behaviour (what purpose it serves) in order to maximize fitness (survival and/or reproduction).  IMPORTANTShould include:1) Field notes2) 1-page report on adaptive value   Data gathering and note collection Ensure that notes are well organized and clear. A strong focus on the…

Note a particular animal behaviour at the Central Experimental Farm in Ottawa, (eg. chickens, cows, horses, sheep) on at least four (4) different occasions, taking note of the animal’s targeting (observed) behaviour, as well as any other competing or associated behaviours that may have an impact on that animal’s decision-making processes while under your observation. Your total observation time over the 4 periods must add up to at least 2 hours of data. Keep a log of these observations. Ensure that notes are well organized and clear. A strong focus on the adaptive value, while keeping track of other events and behaviours. Good record keeping of dates, times and conditions.

QUESTION 18 For the next 5 items, match each behavioral example to the correct term. - Insight learning A. A baby hedgehog (a kind of prickly, insectivorous organism sometimes kept as pets) rolls up in a ball and sticks out its prickly quills when its owner comes near its cage. After repeated encounters with no ill effects, the little hedgehog doesn't even seem to notice when its owner reaches into its enclosure to Operant conditioning Classical conditioning change the water or clean out the little poops that have been deposited in the |- VHabituation corner, - v Imprinting B. A student grasps the concept of evolutionary change, and can thus formulate an informed hypothesis about a new problem in biology. C- Acting in a dangerous and irresponsible manner, a student goes on a drinking binge consuming entirely too much tequila (a type of liquor) and becomes quite ill. From then on, even the smell of tequila brings on intense feelings of nausea. D. A penguin chick establishes a very close…

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Note a horse animal behaviour at the Central Experimental Farm in Ottawa on at least four (4) different occasions, taking note of the animal’s targeting (observed) behaviour, as well as any other competing or associated behaviours that may have an impact on that animal’s decision-making processes while under your observation. Your total observation time over the 4 periods must add up to at least 2 hours of data. Keep a log of these observations. Ensure that notes are well organized and clear. A strong focus on the adaptive value, while keeping track of other events and behaviours. Good record keeping of dates, times and conditions.

QUESTION 9 A proximate use for behavior is to improve overall fitness True False OUE OTIO 10

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QUESTION 8 Describe:  Environmental-Press (Ecological Model) and Selective Optimization with Compensation:  how each theory can be used to explain what is needed for older adults to cope with (or adapt to) physical changes over time.

Note a cow  animal behaviour at the Central Experimental Farm in Ottawa on at least four (4) different occasions, taking note of the animal’s targeting (observed) behaviour, as well as any other competing or associated behaviours that may have an impact on that animal’s decision-making processes while under your observation. Your total observation time over the 4 periods must add up to at least 2 hours of data. Keep a log of these observations. Ensure that notes are well organized and clear. A strong focus on the adaptive value, while keeping track of other events and behaviours. Good record keeping of dates, times and conditions.

Which statement is false regarding this pie chart?   Question 13 options:   Dogs are more popular than cats and hamsters combined   Fish are more popular than any other pet   5% of the pie graph is taken up by other pets   Cats are more popular than hamster and other pets combined

Chapter 2 number 3

You want to test if oxygen consumption rates are different in males and females of a newly discovered toad. In order to test the differences between males and females, which of the following should be kept similar across the two groups in your experiment? (select all that apply) sex O diet 4 O atmospheric oxygen levels mass of the toad Ooxygen consumption rate 27

Please choose on of the best answer that fits for this multiple choice question, Thank you  1)Consider a predator-prey relationship between crabs and sea snails. The crabs use their claws and jaws to crack open the shells of the sea snails, and so, by the principle of natural selection, any snail with a thicker shell would have an advantage and thicker shells would become more abundant. This in turn would create a selective pressure for stronger claws and jaws in the crabs, which in turn would give a selective advantage to snails with even thicker shells. This type of interaction between predators and prey is an example of A)secondary succession B) coevolution C)primary succession D)symbiosis E)competition

Question 2 Which of the following is influenced by circannual rhythms? the courtship display of fiddle crabs during a full moon the daily cycle of rest and activity by most animals attacking behavior in response to a sign stimulus the migration of birds 00

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Animal activity level Low High An organism's activities can change at regular time intervals, called biological rhythms. The graph below depicts the activity level of a population of animals over a 48-hour period. Use the data presented in the graph to answer each of the following questions: (8 points) Midnight 4 A.M. 8 A.M. Noon 4 P.M. 8 P.M. Midnight 4 A.M. Time of Day 8 A.M. Noon 4 P.M. a. Identify and describe two factors that could affect the physiology and/or behaviors of the animal to result in the observed pattern of activity. b. Select one of the factors and make a prediction regarding its effect on the activity cycle of the animal. Justify your prediction with evidence. 8 P.M. Midnight

About _____% of the variance between physical activity levels in humans is due to genetic variation. Group of answer choices 50 70 25 15 85 35 40

What is the independent variable in the graph? 100 06 80 70 60 aries 50 ructional 40 Ey 30 20 10 4. 8 10 12 Time spent studying (hours) O Exam Score (%) O Time Spent Studying (hours) Exam score (%)

Question 11 Oldfield deer mice live in the southeastern United States. The mice in populations that live near the white-sand beaches along the coast have light-colored fur. Mice in populations that live inland have dark-colored fur. Researchers created wooden models of the mice and painted half of the models to resemble light mice and half of the models to resemble dark mice. Models of both colors were randomly distributed on a beach habitat, and the number of times each color model was attacked by visual predators, such as hawks and owls, was recorded. The researchers determined the percent of attacks on each model color and presented their results in the graph. PERCENT OF ATTACKS ON MOUSE MODELS IN A BEACH HABITAT 100 90- 9 80 유 70 E 60- 5 50 E 40 30 a 20 10 0- Light Models Dark Models OvI 3:48 Lenovo Ce esc & #3 24 8. 9. 6 7 t e r

uestion 2 In vampire bat colonies, bats who fed sometimes will share blood with bats who did not feed. Which reason helps explains the cooperative/altruistic behavior? O the benefit for the recipient is greater than the cost to the actor there are frequent opportunities for repayment O individuals can recognize each other and remember past behaviors O All answers help explain this behavior A Moving to another question will save this response. fs 对 f7 f8 f9 二 @ 23 24 2 3 4 5 7 8. 9 W T Y U A S D F H

Qu Question 46 is based on the following chart. How much sleep do we need? 11 hours of sleep every night, plus a two-hour nap during the day. Toddlers 11 to 12 hours of sleep a night Preschoolers 10 hours School-age children 9 hours of sleep every night (most get less than 82) Teens 4 Toodlers eniee to Rob S1s ew tud aitodor lutes gniwolloh About 8 hours of sleep .2A every night. To determine exactly how much sleep you need, on a night you feel fairly rested, sleep until you wake up on your own. Feel rested? The length of time you slept is how much sleep you need. If you get 1 hour less sleep than you need each night for 8 nights in a row, your brain will need sleep as desperately as if you had stayed up all night. Source: William Dement, sleep researcher, Stanford University, Hope Health Letter, April 2000 46. Parents complain that their teenagers could sleep all day if they let them. According to this chart on sleep, how many hours does the average teenager need per week in order to…

what did steven blair mean when he stated in his article "in essence physical activity is the common denominator for the clinical treatment of low fitness and excess weight making the "fitness verse fatness" debate largely academic"? What did he say we should be focused on?

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Question 7 of 50 Which cultural factor is not generally observed but contributes to the hidden foundation on which behavior is based? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Biases Values Beliefs History O Religion

Kudu Scenario Kudu are an antelope species found in easterm and southerm Africa. Male kuou have dramatically spiraled homs, which makes them a target of trophy hunters. Begin by setting up the following parameters: k= 100, r= 0.26, N, = 10. Use the gear icon to adjust the min & max values of N, and k to 2 and 200, respectively. Set the max value oft to 50. 25. At what time ("T value) do kudu populations reach their carrying capacity, given these parameters? 28. What happens to the growth rate of a kudu population as it gets closer and closer to its carrying сарacity? 27. What sorts of environmental changes might cause k to increase in this environment? What might cause k to decrease? 28. Trophy hunters move into the area, leading to an increased death rate, which decreases the growth rate rto 0.13. Exolain how this change will impact the population growth patten. [Hint Look at when the population now reaches its carrying capacity, given this decrease in r. Compare your original curve…

Question 2 Which of the following is true about the history of health inequality? The biggest increases in developing country life expectancy have been improvements in infant and maternal health O There is more cross-country inequality in life expectancy today than there was in 1990 O All of these are true about the history of health inequality O A strong and positive correlation between income and life expectancy did not come about until the industrial revolution/British enlightenment

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