CISY312TestIII

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Virginia State University Reginald F. Lewis College of Business Computer Information Systems Operating Systems Administration (CISY 312) Online – Asynchronous Test III (30 Points) - Linux System Administration and Resource Management Keynote: DO NOT ignore the recommended TEXTBOOK (Linux Fundamentals-Paul Cobbaut (Complete Text)) for this Test. Read and ensure that you practice as instructed in the last reading and practice exercise. ( Test Hint: Try every command/answer/response on your Lab VM environment before typing your final answer in this Test). Chapter 37 - 38: Introduction to Processes 1. What is a process in a Linux system? A process is nothing but a program in execution. A running instance of a program is called as process Whenever a command is executed in Linux, it creates a new process. 2. Specify the process name and its PID; which is the first process started by the kernel at boot time? Init is the first process started by the kernel at boot time. The kernel, once it is loaded, finds init in sbin folder and executes it. When init starts, it becomes the parent or grandparent of all of the processes that start up automatically. As init is the first process designated, the process id i.e. PID=1. 3. Services that start at system boot time and continue to run until the system shuts down are called what in a Linux environment? The services that start at system boot and run till system shuts down are also as Daemons . They will keep running in the background and do their job till shutdown. They are system-related background processes that often run with the permissions of root and services requests from other processes.Most of the time they run in the background. 4. How much resources and CPU time do the Zombies’ processes take? After completing its execution a child process is terminated or killed. But at times even when the parent process is killed before the termination of the child process,the child processes become orphan processes, with the parent of all processes “init” process,becomes their new parent. A process which is killed but still shows its entry in the process status is called a zombie process. They are dead and but also not used. A zombie process does not consume CPU and resources.It is simply exists as it gets automatically deleted once init gets stopped 5. Why would you prefer the “top” command to the “ps” command to look at processes? ps represents "Process Status"- It provides a snapshot of current processes and it's not in real time and top represents "Table Of Processes".It is a task manager program displays information about CPU and memory utilization in real time till continuously till stopped. top command is mostly used interactively and ps is for non-interactive use. As we need to what are the process that are currently running we prefer to use top command rather than ps command which only provides processes that did when ps command executed. 6. Show the commands to find the PID of a running program Nginx and kill the process using the PID.
Virginia State University Reginald F. Lewis College of Business Computer Information Systems Operating Systems Administration (CISY 312) Online – Asynchronous Nginx-t Nginx-k Chapter 43: Introduction to storage 7. An Ubuntu server has three hard disks. The first hard disk is known as/dev/sda, and the second to third will likely be known as: /dev/sdb , /dev/sdc 8. Type the command with the option that best lists the attached block devices in question 7 (Hint: the command is also used for managing partitions)? Fdisk-1 9. List all block devices on the computer (not using ls)? sudo fdisk -1 or df -h Chapter 56 - 58: More Linux System Management 10. A runlevel is an operating state on a Unix-based operating system that is preset on the Linux-based system. If runlevel 6 is a reboot, then what is runlevel 0? shut down 11. To see the init scripts running in runlevel 2, execute the ls command under what directory in /etc. ls -1 /etc/rc2.d/ 12. What full command syntax will enable the apache5 service to start at boot time and stay active automatically? # systemctl enable ssh.apache5 13. What will be the full systemctl command syntax to view the unit files available in the system? # systemctl status ssh 14. The at command (scheduling) is no longer installed by default, so how can it be installed?
Virginia State University Reginald F. Lewis College of Business Computer Information Systems Operating Systems Administration (CISY 312) Online – Asynchronous apt -get install at 15. What will you do to deny all users the use of at (scheduling) Touch/etc/at.allow 16. Type the full command syntax to remove at (scheduling) from your system. Crontab-r 17. Give the command syntax to display the total amount of memory, the used memory, the free memory, and the cached memory. free -m 18. Give the command syntax that will display the memory map of the init process. pmap -x 1 Chapter 62 - 64: Introduction to Networks 19. Name the largest TCP/IP network. The Internet.   20. Name the four TCP/IP layers from top to bottom. The four TCP/IP layers from top to bottom are the application layer, the transport layer, the network layer, and the link layer. 21. In which layer do we find IP addresses? The network layer. 22. Which device makes decisions based on IP address? A router. 23. How are applications defined in TCP/IP? Applications are defined in TCP/IP by using a four-layered model. The model includes a physical layer, a data link layer, a network layer, and a transport layer. Each layer has its own set of protocols that define how data is formatted, addressed, and transmitted 24. A message to all members of a group is a . . . ? broadcast message.
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