Enthalpy of Combustion

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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Enthalpy of Combustion Amatullah Shahid 11/27/2022
Introduction The standard enthalpy of formation is equal to the energy needed to break bonds between reactants minus the energy released by new bonds formed in the product. Heat, which uses the symbol q, is absorbed or used up one mole of the compound when temperature and pressure are under standard conditions (i.e 25* C (298 K) and p = 1 bar. An exothermic reaction is when heat is released from the course of the reaction. This denotes the reaction is favorable and spontaneous. When heat is absorbed resulting in a positive number for enthalpy, then it is not favorable and non-spontaneous. A bomb calorimeter is a device used to measure the value of the heat of reaction at constant pressure.
Abstract In this experiment, one is going to use a bomb calorimeter to obtain the measurement for the enthalpy of combustion. From the experimental data obtained from the results of using the bomb calorimeter, the enthalpy of formation will be found. The compound was combustion in three trials to find the heat capacity. This was done by recording the temperature every 30 seconds. There is a distinct fluctuation between the three trials. This can be the result of errors done by multiple methods. According to the results, the heat capacity is far from the recorded experimental data of Naphthalene.
Procedure 1. Two compounds will be used to do combustion measurements: benzoic acid and a compound that will be assigned. For each compound, three measurements should be obtained. 2. To find the heat of capacity of the calorimeter, benzoic acid will be used to find C B because it can be found in high purity, burns easily, and has a known value for the internal energy of combustion. 3. For The Calorimeter measurement a. First obtained a pellet shape of the compound to be burned. The pellet should be around 1 gram. Make sure to measure the exact mass of the pellet on an analytical balance. b. Cut a piece of the fuse wire to about 3 inches in length and then weight it on the analytical balance. 4. Assembly of the Bomb Calorimeter a. The fuse wire must be threaded between electrodes of the reaction vessel. Then place the pellet in a way that it is in contact with the fuse wire. b. To the reaction vessel, make sure to add one milliliter of water to the reaction vessel because the gas inside the bomb is already saturated with water vapor. This is so any more water produced is water liquid. c. Put together the reaction vessel d. Use 10 to 15 atmospheres of oxygen to fill the reaction vessel. e. Place the reaction vessel in the metal bucket. Fill the reaction bucket with 2.00 L of water using volumetric glassware. f. Place the bucket inside the insulated jacket. g. Make the electrical connection between the bucket and reaction vessel. h. Put the lid on the insulated jacket and stir the water in the reaction vessel
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