HW #3 F 2023

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Oct 30, 2023

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Professor Wood 1 ChE 340 Homework #3 Due 9-14-23 1. First Contact (35 pts, 5 pts each). I mentioned that understanding biotechnology can influence your decisions as an adult, much like an understanding of economics can influence your decision to rent or lease a car or buy or rent a home, etc. Furthermore, all of us carry bacteria and viruses in our gastrointestinal tract, and this ~1 pound of microbiome has more different kinds of genes ( ~22 million ) than our eukaryotic cells (at most 25,000, doi.org/10.3390/metabo12090834). Well, this microbiome and virome must come from somewhere. In addition, many of you will have children, so please answer the following questions using Front. Cell. Neurosci . 15:682505 (2021). doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.682505 in Canvas in regard to the microbiome of babies (in HW folder) and class notes: a. True/False: Antibiotics given to neonatals may stunt growth, as evidence in 6 yr in males. b. True/False: Essentially 100% of those undergoing C-section) are now treated with antibiotics immediately prior to delivery, with demonstrated profound and surprisingly long-lasting effects on the gut microbiota of the newborn. c. True/False: The maternal microbiota do not influence in utero development of the blood brain barrier. d. True/False: The first swallow of the newborn begins inoculation of the GI tract. e. True/False: The first bacteria arise from those of the birth canal. f. True/False: In adults, gut microbiota metabolites signal the brain via the vagus nerve. g. True/False: Bacteria from breast milk do not inoculate the newborn. 2. Can Microbes Save the Planet? (25 pts, 5 pts each). Using https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-023-01837-1 on Canvas, please answer the following questions from this one-page pdf (6/1/23): a. True/False: The Audacious Project includes $70M for genome editing microbiomes. b. True/False: Pivot Bio has engineered bacteria to more efficient at nitrogen fixation so less fertilizers are used (and runoff to neighboring water bodies).
Professor Wood 2 c. True/False: The MIX-UP consortium includes 14 institutions in Europe and China in an effort to use microbes to degrade plastics and use protein engineering so that plastic wastes are more degradable. d. True/False: The authors foresee no role of genetic engineering, protein engineering (i.e., accelerated evolution) and artificial intelligence in the future. e. True/False: Industrial Microbes is using natural gas instead of sugar to make products with bacteria.
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