Lab 1_Linear Kinematics _sprint analysis

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Brigham Young University, Idaho *

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Computer Science

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Feb 20, 2024

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Lab 1: Sprint Analysis The purpose of this lab is to (1) gain practice computing linear kinematics of walking and running, and (2) observe how humans manipulate stride length, and stride rate to increase speed of locomotion. APPLICATIONS: Kinematic features of running have been examined by biomechanists for such purposes as improving performance and investigating injury mechanisms. Since running is an important fundamental movement, it will be used in this lab to study linear kinematics. In this lab, linear motion will be assumed during running although angular motion is also accruing. PART 1: Critique Sprint Performance EQUIPMENT 40 m running course (cones), 1 tape measure, stop watch, and computer and calculators (used after data collection) PROCEDURES A person will sprint 40 meters while having his/her run timed. Timers will be located at each 5 m of the marked 40 m course. The timers will give time when the runner crossed that zone. Strides in each zone will also be counted during the run. It is easiest to count steps (round to the nearest 0.5 step) and divide by 2. Use the excel document provided to input the accumulative time and the strides per zone. Then, use the time and stride data to calculate/fill in all other columns on the document. Once the data table is complete, build two graphs (description below) in excel. After your graphs are build, copy each graph and past them in this word document. Next, answer the discussion questions. It is easiest to answer the questions on the document. After the questions have been answered, upload this document with your graphs and excel data copied into this document on Canvas. Step #1: Graphs Based on the information from your excel table, construct two graphs to describe your results. Each graph should be properly labeled (axes labels with proper units) with a descriptive title. Be sure to include a legend identifying each line of the graph. Copy and paste your graphs from the excel sheet into this document. Graph #1 - Kinematics Analysis Graph : Display zone time on Y1, zone velocity and zone acceleration on Y2. Plot accumulative time on the horizontal axis (X).

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 Sprint Numbers Zone Velocity Zone time Zone acceleration Accumalative time Velocity and Acceleration Zone Time Graph #2 - Stride Analysis Graph : Plot Stride Rate for each zone on Y1 and Stride Length for each zone on Y2. Plot accumulative displacement on the horizontal axis (X). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 Stride Stride length Strude Rate Accumalative Displacement Stride Length Stride rates Step #2: Discussion Questions – answer the following questions below. 1. Review the kinematics analysis graph (Graph #1) by reviewing each line. For each variable in the graph (zone time, zone velocity, and zone acceleration), identify when each variables has the highest values. Do the highest values occur more in the first half or second half of the sprint? Next, identify why each variable is highest in these areas of the

run. According to the graph and the numbers, the highest values occur more towards the second half of the sprint. I think this is due to the fact that it takes tons of energy and some momentum in order to get to full speed. So throughout the first part of the run, the momentum is not present, and as the run continues, momentum is present and the person sprinting is still accelerating even if its just by a little. 2. Review the kinematics analysis graph (Graph #1) by reviewing each line. First, describe the relationship between zone time and zone velocity (what happens to one variable when another variable changes?). Next, describe the relationship between zone velocity and zone acceleration (what happens to one variable when another variable changes?). Lastly, describe the relationship between zone time and zone acceleration (what happens to one variable when another variable changes?). When the time spent in a particular zone decreases, the velocity in that zone increases. In other words, they exhibit an inverse relationship. Additionally, it's worth noting that there is a linear relationship between velocity and acceleration, as mentioned earlier. 3. With regards to the stride analysis graph (Graph #2), how did stride rate and stride length vary with respect to accumulative displacement? When did the fastest stride rate and longest stride length occur throughout the run? It seems as if the strides were longer during the second half of the sprint. The longer the strides meant the shorter amount of time it took to reach each marker, according to the graph and the data. 4. Describe the relationship between stride length and stride rate (what happens to one variable when the other variable changes?). When stride rate decreases, the length of the stride increases, and same way other way around. 5. What are possible sources of experimental error that may be present? How would you change this lab activity to be more accurate? I think the biggest thing is the fact that we are relying on humans to time and count and record the variables, which cannot always be precise and accurate. I would most likely get recorders and phones, and maybe actual timers to see if it can come out to be more accurate and precise with the numbers. 6. Based on the graphs, identify a few times in the sprint where you would advise the runner to concentrate on during training to improve sprint performance. Explain why you chose these times in the run. I would say at the beginning of the run to really focus on the starting position. The start of the run the numbers and also the rate of the strides were smaller which indicates a lack of explosiveness from the start. Replace the table below with a copy of the excel table. Do not upload the excel file on Canvas. Zone Accum Accum Accum Time Vel Accel

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