Module 4 Labs

Packet Tracer - Connect a Wired and Wireless LAN © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 3 of 4 www.netacad.com Step 3: Connect Wireless Router to Family PC. Choose the correct cable to connect Wireless Router Ethernet 1 to Family PC . If you attached the correct cable, the link lights on the cable turn green. Part 4: Verify Connections Step 1: Test the connection from Family PC to netacad.pka. a. Open the Family PC command prompt and ping netacad.pka . b. Open the Web Browser and the web address http://netacad.pka . Step 2: Ping the Switch from Home PC. Open the Home PC command prompt and ping the Switch IP address of to verify the connection. Step 3: Open Router0 from Configuration Terminal. a. Open the Terminal of Configuration Terminal and accept the default settings. b. Press Enter to view the Router0 command prompt. c. Type show ip interface brief to view interface statuses. Part 5: Examine the Physical Topology Step 1: Examine the Cloud. a. Click the Physical Workspace tab or press Shift + P and Shift + L to toggle between the logical and physical workspaces. b. Click the Home City icon. c. Click the Cloud icon. Question: How many wires are connected to the switch in the blue rack? Type your answers here. d. Click Back to return to Home City . Step 2: Examine the Primary Network. a. Click the Primary Network icon. Hold the mouse pointer over the various cables. Question: What is located on the table to the right of the blue rack? Type your answers here. b. Click Back to return to Home City . Step 3: Examine the Secondary Network. a. Click the Secondary Network icon. Hold the mouse pointer over the various cables. Question: Why are there two orange cables connected to each device? Type your answers here.

© 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 1 of 4 www.netacad.com Lab - View Wired and Wireless NIC Information Objectives Part 1: Identify and Work with PC NICs Part 2: Identify and Use the System Tray Network Icons Background / Scenario This lab requires you to determine the availability and status of the network interface cards (NICs) on the PC that you use. Windows provides a number of ways to view and work with your NICs. In this lab, you will access the NIC information of your PC and change the status of these cards. Required Resources • 1 PC (Windows with two NICs, wired and wireless, and a wireless connection) Note : At the start of this lab, the wired Ethernet NIC in the PC was cabled to one of the integrated switch ports on a wireless router and the Local Area Connection (wired) was enabled. The wireless NIC was disabled initially. If the wired and wireless NICs are both enabled the PC will receive two different IP addresses and the wireless NIC will take precedence. Instructions Part 1: Identify and Work with PC NICs. In Part 1, you will identify the NIC types in the PC that you are using. You will explore different ways to extract information about these NICs and how to activate and deactivate them. Note : This lab was performed using a PC running on the Windows 10 operating system. You should be able to perform the lab with one of the other Windows operating systems listed; however, menu selections and screens may vary. Step 1: Use the Network and Sharing Center. a. Navigate to the Control Panel . Click View network status and tasks under Network and Internet heading in the Category View. b. In the left pane, click the Change adapter settings link. c. In the Network Connections window, the results provide a list of NICs available on this PC. Look for your Wi-Fi adapters. Note : Virtual Private Network (VPN) adapters and other types of network connections may also be displayed in this window. Step 2: Work with your wireless NIC. a. Locate the wireless network connection. If it is disabled, right-click and select Enable to activate your wireless NIC. b. If the wireless network connection is not currently connected, right-click and select Connect/Disconnect to connect to an SSID that you are authorized to connect to. c. Right-click a wireless network connection, and then click Status .

Lab - View Wired and Wireless NIC Information © 2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 4 of 4 www.netacad.com e. Examine your system tray. Click the Network icon again. With the Wi-Fi disabled, wireless networks are no longer in range and not available for wireless connections. f. You can also disable the Ethernet network by disabling the Ethernet adapters. Step 2: Identify the Network Problem icon. a. In the Network Connections window, disable all the Wi-Fi and Ethernet adapters. b. The system tray now displays the Network Disabled icon, which indicates that network connectivity has been disabled. c. You can click this icon to return to the Network and Internet settings. d. In the Network and Internet settings window, you can click Troubleshoot to use the PC to resolve the network issue for you. e. If troubleshooting did not enable one of your NICs, then you should do this manually to restore the network connectivity of your PC. Note : If a network adapter is enabled and the NIC is unable to establish network connectivity, then the Network Problem icon appears in the system tray. If this icon appears, you can troubleshoot this issue just like you did in Step 2c. Reflection Question Why would you activate more than one NIC on a PC? With both a wireless and wired NIC activated on your computer, take a screenshot of ipconfig /all and paste below: Type your answers here. End of Document

Packet Tracer - Physical Layer Exploration - Physical Mode © 2021 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 3 of 13 www.netacad.com Step 3: What is my public IPv4 address? Private IPv4 addresses are not routable on the internet. When IP packets leave your network, they need to have their private IPv4 address replaced with a public IPv4 address. The public IPv4 address is used by servers or any other destination to send packets back to your client computer. Where does this translation between private and public IPv4 addresses occur? Your local router does this translation or you. How can you find out the public address that your local router substitutes for your private IPv4 address? a. On your device, search the internet for "what is my ip". Some search engines will tell you your public IPv4 address without the need to visit another website. In addition, several web sites will be listed which will provide this and other information. Note : Many ISPs have begun to use IPv6 addresses. Private addresses are only necessary to conserve the limited number of public IPv4 addresses. Using two different addresses and translating between them, is not required for IPv6. b. In Packet Tracer, close the Command Window , and then click Web Browser . c. In the URL field, type www.tellmemyip.com and then click Go . Note : This website is fictious and currently only exists in Packet Tracer. In addition to the public IPv4 address, notice that the web site we used provided other information including the name of our ISP and geographical location. The ISP information is usually very reliable. However, the geographical information (city, state, and country) and geolocation (latitude and longitude) is not always completely accurate. Notice that the web site we used shows the city as Pacific Grove, about 5 miles from our home location in Monterey. This information is typically a region that the ISP has used for all customers in that area. d. On your device, use one of the "what is my ip" websites you found in your search. Question: List your public IPv4 address, location, and ISP. Type your answers here. Step 4: Examine the connections in your network. Questions: What does the connection look like between your device and your router? Is it wired or wireless? Type your answers here. Where is the router that your device uses to access the internet? Type your answers here. What does the connection look like between your router and the internet? Does it use a cable from the cable company or the phone company? Is it wireless? Can you find the cable as it leaves your house or see the remote tower if it is a wireless connection? Type your answers here. Search YouTube for "Tour of Home Network 2020 8-bit guy". This is not your average home network, but you may recognize many of the same devices found in your own home network. Part 2: Trace the Path Between Source and Destination In this part, you will use the traceroute command that is used for network diagnostics and for displaying the path packets take to a destination. It gathers information about every hop from your device to the destination. Each line in the output designates the IP address of a router, used to forward packets from one network to another network. These are known as "hops". In Windows, the command is tracert , whereas the macOS and Linux operating systems use the traceroute command. In Packet Tracer, you use the Windows tracert

Packet Tracer - Physical Layer Exploration - Physical Mode © 2021 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 6 of 13 www.netacad.com organizations use to house their critical equipment, applications, and data. The key components of a data center design include routers, switches, firewalls, storage systems, and servers. Although the Comcast POP would typically be a data center in the real world, in Packet Tracer it is only storing the equipment necessary for this activity. In the Rack , you will see several devices including a device simulating a cable modem termination system (CMTS), the Comcast-POP-Monterey router, a multilayer switch, and two servers. c. Investigate the physical connections between the devices. One interface of the Comcast-CMTS is linked directly to the Cable Modem in the Home Network . The other interface is connected to the next hop router, Comcast-POP-Monterey , which is racked directly below it. The Comcast-POP-Monterey second interface links out to the next hop, which you will investigate in the next step. The third interface is connected to the switch, which is then connected to the two servers. The DNS Server is translating www.hawaii.edu and www.tellmemyip.com to their respective IPv4 address. The Web Server is serving the website www.tellmemyip.com . d. In your own network, what is the technology for the local loop you are using? Cable? DSL? Satellite? Cellular? If it is a wired connection, see if you can find the cable leaving your home network. Where does it go? To a telephone pole? Underground? e. The second hop in your traceroute command on your device is typically your ISP's POP. Question: What is the IP address for your ISP's POP? Type your answers here. Step 3: Attempt to discover the physical location of the IP address for your ISP POP. Who owns the POP for the second router in your traceroute output? You can search the internet for "ip lookup", which will result in a list of web sites that will give you information about an IP address. Fill in the table below with the information you discovered from your IP lookup research. You may need to visit several different lookup websites to get all the information. ISP POP Your Results 2 nd Hop IPv4 address: blank ISP: blank City: blank Region: blank Country: blank Blank Line - no additional information The information regarding the name of the ISP is usually very reliable. However, the physical location information may not be accurate. In many cases, the physical location listed may be hundreds of miles from where the router and the datacenter are actually located. It could be the ISP's administrative office or even a random location. Because the geolocation information (longitude and latitude) registered by the ISP is seldom accurate, you cannot rely on this information to find the actual location of the POP. In this case, you would need to contact your ISP to see if they will tell you where this POP is located. Step 4: Investigate why geolocation information is not always accurate. Search the internet for "600 million IP addresses Kansas". You will find several articles about an ISP that chose to use a geolocation (latitude and longitude) at the center of the United States to register over 600 million of its IP addresses. Unfortunately, this particular latitude and longitude happened to be a private home in the middle of Kansas and not an ISP.

Packet Tracer - Physical Layer Exploration - Physical Mode © 2021 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 9 of 13 www.netacad.com for the University of Hawaii is located in Honolulu . Notice that the link first goes from Monterey to San Jose , and then Los Angeles before it crosses the Pacific Ocean to Honolulu . c. Click San Jose . Notice there are three buildings, each labeled with a part of the domain name discovered in the traceroute output. Routers with the same domain name are located in the same building. Investigate each building, router, and interface to complete the following table. Hop Domain Name Interface IPv4 Address 5 blank blank blank 6 blank blank blank 7 blank blank blank 8 blank blank blank 9 blank blank blank Blank Line - no additional information Blank Line, No additional information Question: What is the building, router, interface, and IPv4 address for the outbound link to Los Angeles? Type your answers here. IXP Data Center An IXP (Internet Exchange Point) is typically a colocation center that houses ISPs and other customers, with the purpose of connecting with one another. At some point an ISP like Comcast will need to forward the packets to another ISP. This usually occurs in an IXP. The locations are often thought of as being at the "edge" of an ISP's network, meaning a place where packets leave the ISP ’ s internal network and are forwarded to another ISP. This is a place where ISPs and others can exchange internet traffic between their networks. IXPs are typically owned and operated by a neutral party, meaning they are not an ISP or "customer" of their own data center. Note : The term Network Access Point (NAP) is an older term for IXP that has now been deprecated. Step 7: Investigate the link between Comcast and Internet2. This last hop within the Comcast ISP network before packets are forwarded to another ISP occurs at hop 9. 9 19 ms 21 ms 17 ms be-2211-pe11.9greatoaks.ca.ibone.comcast.net [10.110.32.246] Again, Comcast gives us a clue where the router is located. However, the domain name is not indicating a city, but an address. a. Search the internet for "9 great oaks California" and you will find that an Equinix data center is located at 9 Great Oaks Boulevard in San Jose, California. If you then use Google Maps and search for that address, you can use the satellite view or street view to see the actual building. Equinix is an Internet Exchange Point (IXP) known as Equinix SV5. It provides connections between different ISPs and is hosting the connection between Comcast and the next ISP, which is Internet2. b. There are many web sites that provide information about large IXP data centers including the ISPs they host. Search the internet for "Inflect data center". Use the website to explore and see if you can find where they list Comcast as one of the organizations hosted at Equinix SV5. c. In Packet Tracer, navigate to San Jose , if necessary, and then click the 9greatoaks.ca building. Notice the name of the third router in the rack indicates that it belongs to Internet2. This router is the 10 th hop in the traceroute output. 10 16 ms 23 ms 16 ms ae-3.2011.rtsw.sunn.net.internet2.edu [172.16.69.141]

Packet Tracer - Physical Layer Exploration - Physical Mode © 2021 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 12 of 13 www.netacad.com Step 12: Investigate the last known IP address in the traceroute output. In Packet Tracer, all the hops are simulated. Navigate back to Honolulu and investigate the uhnet.net building and the hawaii.edu campus. In each building, you will find the devices that simulate the rest of the traceroute path in Packet Tracer. In real world traceroute output, the hops begin to timeout. For the example in this activity, it times out at hop 15. It most likely times out for you at a different hop. C:\> tracert www.hawaii.edu Tracing route to web00.its.hawaii.edu [172.31.149.56] over a maximum of 30 hops: <output omitted> 14 87 ms 86 ms 87 ms vl-669-10gigcolol3.uhnet.net [172.30.213.2] 15 * * * Request timed out. 16 * * * Request timed out. ^C For hop 14, the name implies that this is another router that is part of the University of Hawaii network. At this point, the traceroute begins to timeout. It is common for routers and other devices such as a web server not to respond to traceroute messages. A router may even be configured to deny any traceroute messages being forwarded on to the next hop router. Most likely a University of Hawaii router or firewall, prior to the web server, is blocking any further traceroutes messages from entering the network. However, you have tracked the path of these packets from Monterey, California all the way to the University of Hawaii in Honolulu. Conclusion and Some Things to Consider We saw that from tracking the hops in our traceroute that our packets went through three different groups of networks: • Comcast ISP • Internet2 ISP • University of Hawaii Network Comcast ISP 1 3 ms 4 ms 3 ms 10.0.0.1 2 13 ms 16 ms 11 ms 10.120.89.61 3 44 ms 18 ms 18 ms po-302-1222-rur02.monterey.ca.sfba.comcast.net [10.110.178.133] 4 13 ms 14 ms 13 ms po-2-rur01.monterey.ca.sfba.comcast.net [10.139.198.129] 5 21 ms 17 ms 15 ms be-222-rar01.santaclara.ca.sfba.comcast.net [10.151.78.177] 6 16 ms 20 ms 19 ms be-39931-cs03.sunnyvale.ca.ibone.comcast.net [10.110.41.121] 7 27 ms 14 ms 20 ms be-1312-cr12.sunnyvale.ca.ibone.comcast.net [10.110.46.30] 8 24 ms 19 ms 23 ms be-303-cr01.9greatoaks.ca.ibone.comcast.net [10.110.37.178]

Packet Tracer - Physical Layer Exploration - Physical Mode © 2021 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 13 of 13 www.netacad.com 9 19 ms 21 ms 17 ms be-2211-pe11.9greatoaks.ca.ibone.comcast.net [10.110.32.246] Internet2 ISP 10 16 ms 23 ms 16 ms ae-3.2011.rtsw.sunn.net.internet2.edu [172.16.69.141] 11 24 ms 24 ms 23 ms et-2-3-0.3457.rtsw.losa.net.internet2.edu [172.16.20.255] 12 85 ms 87 ms 85 ms 172.16.47.134 University of Hawaii 13 87 ms 85 ms 85 ms xe-1-1-0-54-kolanut-re0.uhnet.net [172.30.205.29] 14 87 ms 86 ms 87 ms vl-669-10gigcolol3.uhnet.net [172.30.213.2] 15 * * * Request timed out. 16 * * * Request timed out. ^C C:\> Comcast, Internet2, and the University of Hawaii are each known as an autonomous system (AS) . The internet is an interconnection of hundreds of ASs throughout the world. On the internet, packets are forwarded between ASs. An AS is typically an ISP such as Comcast, a telecommunications provider such as Internet2, a content provider such as NetFlix, a company such as Cisco Systems, or educational institution such as the University of Hawaii. The packets from the Home Network in Monterey, California to the University of Hawaii were forwarded from Comcast ISP to Internet2 ISP and eventually the University of Hawaii. Within each of these ASs, the packets were forwarded by multiple routers belonging to each AS. Bonus : Did you try switching to Logical mode? This mode was left unlocked so that the curious student might find delight in discovering what the physical representation of the traceroute in this activity might look like as a logical topology. Enjoy! End of document

PTPM Lab 4.7.1 Submit screenshot of Assessment Items tab

© 2019 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 1 of 5 www.netacad.com Packet Tracer - Connect the Physical Layer Objectives Part 1: Identify Physical Characteristics of Internetworking Devices Part 2: Select Correct Modules for Connectivity Part 3: Connect Devices Part 4: Check Connectivity Background In this activity, you will explore the different options available on internetworking devices. You will also be required to determine which options provide the necessary connectivity when connecting multiple devices. Finally, you will add the correct modules and connect the devices. Note : Scoring for this activity is a combination of Packet Tracer-automated scoring and your recorded answers to the questions posed in the instructions. See the Error! Not a valid bookmark self-reference. at the e nd of this activity and consult with your instructor to determine your final score. Part 1: Identify Physical Characteristics of Internetworking Devices Step 1: Identify the management ports of a Cisco router. a. Click the East router. The Physical tab should be active. b. Zoom in and expand the window to see the entire router. Question: Which management ports are available? Type your answers here. Step 2: Identify the LAN and WAN interfaces of a Cisco router. Question: a. Which LAN and WAN interfaces are available on the East router and how many are there? Type your answers here. b. Click the CLI tab, press the Enter key to access the user mode prompt, and enter the following commands: Open a configuration window East> show ip interface brief The output verifies the correct number of interfaces and their designation. The vlan1 interface is a virtual interface that only exists in software. Question: How many physical interfaces are listed? Type your answers here. c. Enter the following commands: East> show interface gigabitethernet 0/0

Packet Tracer - Connect the Physical Layer © 2019 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 2 of 5 www.netacad.com Question: What is the default bandwidth of this interface? Type your answers here. East> show interface serial 0/0/0 Question: What is the default bandwidth of this interface? Type your answers here. Note: Bandwidth on serial interfaces is used by routing processes to determine the best path to a destination. It does not indicate the actual bandwidth of the interface. Actual bandwidth is negotiated with a service provider. Step 3: Identify module expansion slots. Questions: How many expansion slots are available to add additional modules to the East router? Type your answers here. Click Switch2 . How many expansion slots are available? Type your answers here. Part 2: Select Correct Modules for Connectivity Step 1: Determine which modules provide the required connectivity. a. Click East and then click the Physical tab. On the left, beneath the Modules label, you see the available options to expand the capabilities of the router. Click each module. A picture and a description display at the bottom. Familiarize yourself with these options. Questions: 1) You need to connect PCs 1, 2, and 3 to the East router, but you do not have the necessary funds to purchase a new switch. Which module can you use to connect the three PCs to the East router? Type your answers here. 2) How many hosts can you connect to the router using this module? Type your answers here. b. Click Switch2 . Question: Which module can you insert to provide a Gigabit optical connection to Switch3 ? Type your answers here. Step 2: Add the correct modules and power up devices. a. Click East and attempt to insert the appropriate module from Step 1a. Modules are added by clicking the module and dragging it to the empty slot on the device.

Packet Tracer - Connect the Physical Layer © 2019 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 3 of 5 www.netacad.com The Cannot add a module when the power is on message should display. Interfaces for this router model are not hot-swappable. The device must be turned off before adding or removing modules. Click the power switch located to the right of the Cisco logo to turn off East . Insert the appropriate module from Step 1a. When done, click the power switch to power up East . Note : If you insert the wrong module and need to remove it, drag the module down to its picture in the bottom right corner, and release the mouse button. b. Using the same procedure, insert the module that you identified in Step 1b into the empty slot farthest to the right in Switch2 . c. Use the show ip interface brief command on Switch2 to identify the slot in which the module was placed. Question: Into which slot was it inserted? Type your answers here. Part 3: Connect Devices This may be the first activity you have done where you are required to connect devices. Although you may not know the purpose of the different cable types, use the table below and follow these guidelines to successfully connect all the devices: a. Select the appropriate cable type. b. Click the first device and select the specified interface. c. Click the second device and select the specified interface. d. If you have correctly connected two devices, you will see your score increase. Example : To connect East to Switch1 , select the Copper Straight-Through cable type. Click East and choose GigabitEthernet0/0 . Then, click Switch1 and choose GigabitEthernet0/1 . Your score should now be 4/55. Note : For the purposes of this activity, link lights are disabled. Device Interface Cable Type Device Interface East GigabitEthernet0/0 Copper Straight-Through Switch1 GigabitEthernet0/1 East GigabitEthernet0/1 Copper Straight-Through Switch4 GigabitEthernet0/1 East FastEthernet0/1/0 Copper Straight-Through PC1 FastEthernet0 East FastEthernet0/1/1 Copper Straight-Through PC2 FastEthernet0 East FastEthernet0/1/2 Copper Straight-Through PC3 FastEthernet0 Switch1 FastEthernet0/1 Copper Straight-Through PC4 FastEthernet0 Switch1 FastEthernet0/2 Copper Straight-Through PC5 FastEthernet0 Switch1 FastEthernet0/3 Copper Straight-Through PC6 FastEthernet0 Switch4 GigabitEthernet0/2 Copper Cross-Over Switch3 GigabitEthernet3/1 Switch3 GigabitEthernet5/1 Fiber Switch2 GigabitEthernet5/1 Switch2 FastEthernet0/1 Copper Straight-Through PC7 FastEthernet0

Packet Tracer - Connect the Physical Layer © 2019 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 4 of 5 www.netacad.com Device Interface Cable Type Device Interface Switch2 FastEthernet1/1 Copper Straight-Through PC8 FastEthernet0 Switch2 FastEthernet2/1 Copper Straight-Through PC9 FastEthernet0 Switch2 Gigabit3/1 Copper Straight-Through AccessPoint Port 0 East Serial0/0/0 Serial DCE (connect to East first) West Serial0/0/0 Part 4: Check Connectivity Step 1: Check the interface status on East. a. Click the CLI tab and enter the following commands: East> show ip interface brief Compare the output to the following: Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol GigabitEthernet0/0 172.30.1.1 YES manual up up GigabitEthernet0/1 172.31.1.1 YES manual up up Serial0/0/0 10.10.10.1 YES manual up up Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES unset down down FastEthernet0/1/0 unassigned YES unset up up FastEthernet0/1/1 unassigned YES unset up up FastEthernet0/1/2 unassigned YES unset up up FastEthernet0/1/3 unassigned YES unset up down Vlan1 172.29.1.1 YES manual up up If all of the cabling is correct the outputs should match. Close the configuration window Step 2: Connect wireless devices, Laptop and TabletPC. a. Click the Laptop and select the Config Tab. Select the Wireless0 interface. Put a check in the box labeled On next to Port Status. Within a few seconds the wireless connection should appear. b. Click the Desktop tab of the Laptop . Click on the Web Browser icon to launch the web browser. Enter www.cisco.pka in the URL box and click Go . The page should display Cisco Packet Tracer . c. Click the TabletPC and select the Config Tab. Select the Wireless0 interface. Put a check in the box labeled On next to Port Status. Within a few seconds the wireless connection should appear. d. Repeat the steps in Step 2b to verify the page displays. Step 3: Change the access method of the TabletPC. a. Click the TabletPC and select the Config Tab. Select the Wireless0 interface. Uncheck the box labeled On next to Port Status. It should now be clear and the wireless connection will drop. b. Click the 3G/4G Cell1 interface. Put a check in the box labeled On next to Port Status. Within a few seconds the cellular connection should appear. c. Repeat the process of verifying web access. Note : You should not have both the wireless0 interface and 3G/4G Cell1 interfaces active at the same time. This may cause confusion to the device when attempting to connect to some resources.

Packet Tracer - Connect the Physical Layer © 2019 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 5 of 5 www.netacad.com Step 4: Check connectivity of the other PCs. All of the PCs should have connectivity to the web site and each other. You will learn to use connectivity testing in many upcoming labs. End of Document

PT Lab 4.7.2 - Connect the Physical Layer Submit screenshot of Assessment Items tab