PRIYA LR&CFS ASSIGNMENT-7

A null bitmap is used in the variable-length record format to indicate if an attribute has a null value. In rare cases, the majority of a tuple's properties are null. To minimize the cost of a null property to only a single bit, it is possible to change how records are represented.

A null bitmap is used in the variable-length record format to indicate that an attribute has no value. In a few odd cases, the majority of a tuple's properties are null. It is possible to minimise the cost of a null attribute to a single bit by modifying the way records are represented.

In the variable-length record format, a null bitmap is used to signal that an attribute has no value. A tuple's values are frequently empty. By changing the record representation, it is feasible to reduce the cost of a null attribute to a single bit.

Program language: Python Prompt: Create histograms for each feature in a similar way for each of the different classes present in the data. Data: http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/iris/iris.data

A null bitmap is used to indicate whether an attribute has a null value in the variable-length record format. Tuples may contain a lot of properties in certain applications, with the majority of them being null. Is it possible to change the record representation such that the null bitmap's single bit is the sole cost for a null attribute?

JSON and CSV are both text-based formats for the storage of data. It's possible to open either one in a plain text editor. Given this similarity, why does a CSV file usually take less memory than a JSON formatted file for the same data? Under what conditions could a JSON file be smaller in memory than a cSV file for the same data?

In the variable-length record format, a null bitmap is used to indicate if an attribute contains a null value. The bulk of the properties of a tuple are null in some situations. Changing the record representation such that a null attribute's cost is reduced to just a single bit is feasible.

Data security concerns affect five distinct areas of computer science.

Internet keyword searches are different from database keyword searches. The two are quite different from one another. What are the primary similarities and differences between the two in terms of the way queries are phrased and the information that is returned, and what are the advantages of each?

In the variable-length record representation, a null bitmap is used to indicateif an attribute has the null value. For variable-length fields, if the value is null, what would be stored in the offset and length fields?

Define the term Anonymous Data Types.

In computer science, what is the difference between normalizing and denormalizing data?

Several different approaches exist for MDM in databases.

Explain in a clear and concise manner, why a compressed file is bad for Steganography.

In the variable-length record format, the existence of a null bitmap is utilised to signal whether or not an attribute has a null value. This may be done both explicitly and implicitly. In this particular scenario, the value of the field would be null; hence, the offset and length fields of variable-length fields would have the value null.

DAC - Discretionary Access Control Bob is rather lazy and grants all his data access privileges (including grant) to Joe thinking he can avoid doing his work this way as Joe is less senior and would be reluctant to complain. Joe is not happy about this but is also sneaky, Joe hires someone with the moniker "IworkHARD4U" from a gig economy site he got an email from and sets them up with their own DB id "IworkHARD4" and grants them all the same privileges that Joe has, and backdoor into the company servers so they can do there work. Sounds legit huh? One day things go bad, Bob is afraid he will get caught in his work avoidance and quietly runs REVOKE Bobs_privilege_list ON * FROM Joe RESTRICT; To hide the trail he created. Note that this would show up in audit logs, backups, and other traces, but we never said Bob was bright. Bob notices that things are still changing in his tables and it is not his programs or himself that is changing them. So does his manager, he is not happy with…