PHYS 1434 The Wheatstone Bridge Method
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1434
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Electrical Engineering
Date
Apr 3, 2024
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NEW YORK CITY COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY LAB REPORT #6
PHYS 1434 D785 Laboratory Report #6 –
The Wheatstone Bridge Method Due:
March 18, 2024 Group Members: Jesus G. Davina A. Lesly G.
PHYS 1434 i Laboratory No. 6 The Wheatstone Bridge Method TABLE OF CONTENTS OBJECTIVE..
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1 THEORTICAL BACKGROUND..
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1 EQUIPMENT..
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2 PROCEDURE
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2 SUMMARY OF RESULTS
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3 ATTACHMENT
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5 SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
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6 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………………
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6 CITATIONS……………………………………………………………………………..…
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...8 ATTACHMENTS ATTACHMENT A ……………………………………………………………….
Data Sheet
PHYS 1434 Laboratory No. 6 The Wheatstone Bridge Method OBJECTIVE: The objective of the laboratory experiment "The Wheatstone Bridge Method" is to provide students with hands-on experience and understanding of the Wheatstone bridge technique for measuring electrical resistance, aiming to familiarize them with the principles and operation of the Wheatstone bridge method for accurate resistance measurement. Additionally, students will determine the resistivity of a metal conductor using the Wheatstone bridge setup and appropriate calculations, while also investigating and studying the relationship between the resistance of a wire, its length, and its cross-sectional area. This exploration will deepen their comprehension of electrical circuits, resistance measurements, and the fundamental principles governing electrical conductivity in materials. THEORITCAL BACKGROUND: A simple resistor has The Wheatstone bridge method is a fundamental technique used in electrical measurements, particularly for accurately determining resistance values. It relies on the principle of balancing two branches of a circuit to nullify the current flowing through a galvanometer, thereby indicating equilibrium and allowing precise resistance calculations. The key components of a Wheatstone bridge setup include four resistors arranged in a diamond shape, with a voltage source connected across one diagonal and a galvanometer across the other. When the bridge is balanced, the ratio of resistances in one branch equals the ratio in the opposite branch, leading to zero current through the galvanometer. In this laboratory experiment, students will delve into the theoretical underpinnings of the Wheatstone bridge method. They will explore the concept of resistivity, which is a material property indicating how strongly a substance opposes the flow of electric current. By measuring resistance and dimensions (length and cross-sectional area) of a metal conductor, students will calculate its resistivity using the formula ρ = R × (A / L), where ρ is resistivity, R is resistance, A is cross-sectional area, and L is length. This process not only reinforces understanding of resistance and resistivity but also illustrates the direct proportionality of resistance to length and the inverse proportionality to cross-
sectional area, as described by the equation R = ρ × (L
/ A). Moreover, the laboratory session will involve practical applications of the Wheatstone bridge method, such as determining unknown resistances or verifying known resistances. Through hands-on experimentation and theoretical discussions, students will gain a comprehensive grasp of electrical measurements, circuit balancing techniques, and the fundamental relationships governing resistance in electrical conductors.
PHYS 1434 Laboratory No. 6 The Wheatstone Bridge Method EQUIPMENT: •
Slide-wire Wheatstone bridge •
Low voltage DC power supply •
Two set of coils for unknown resistance •
Resistance Box •
Galvanometer •
Connecting wires •
LCR Meter PROCEDURE: 1.
Connect the slight wire Wheatstone bridge circuit as shown in figure 7.2 try to lay out all components specifically as they appear in the diagram for you. It is easier this way to verify the connections. For or use a standard resistance box, and for RX one of the five wire spools. The material, length, and diameter of the spool wire and suggested value for the resistant box for each spool are listed below. 2.
Use this phone number one as an unknown resistance, set that suggestive value of the resistance R and move sliding contact B to the middle of the bridge. Using calculus it can be shown that it is best to operate the bridge in such a way that the balance is in the middle of the slide fire. The contact should be moved only when its edge is not touching the water period now gently tap the contact B. If the galvanometer shows a deflection, very the value of the resistance
R
of the resistance box by, say, 0.1 ohms through 0.2 ohms enter the smallest inflection possible is obtained period now adjust the position of the slide contact be near the middle of the wire with internal deflection occurs when the contact B is tapped when the final adjustment is made for girly flexion, record the value of the standard resistance R in two lengths L1 and L2. 3.
Repeat Step 2 for the four other spools. Tabulate all your results for R, L1 and L2. 4.
Use a LCDR meter and measure the resistance of each pool. Tabulate these along with the bridge measurements.
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