ECE 216 LabManual Sept 2021

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University of Victoria *

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216

Subject

Electrical Engineering

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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L ABORATORY M ANUAL ECE 216 E LECTRICITY AND M AGNETISM September 2021 Course Instructor: Levi Smith Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria Copyright © 2021, Department ECE, University of Victoria, BC, Canada.

i Table of Contents Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................... I Laboratory and Manual Information ..................................................................................... III Laboratory Report Cover Sheet .................................................................................... IV Acknowledgement ......................................................................................................... V Preparation .................................................................................................................... VI Experiment 1 — Electrostatics ............................................................................................... 1 Experiment 1.1 − Electrostatic Charges ......................................................................... 1 Equipment ............................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 A – Conservation of Charge .................................................................................... 1 B – Distribution of Charge ...................................................................................... 8 Experiment 1.2 − Capacitance ...................................................................................... 17 Equipment ............................................................................................................. 17 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 17 Theory ................................................................................................................... 17 Setup ..................................................................................................................... 18 Procedure A: The Effect of the Plate Separation .................................................. 20 Analysis A ............................................................................................................. 20 Procedure B: The Effect of a Dielectric Between the Plates ................................ 21 Conclusions ........................................................................................................... 22 Experiment 2 — Magnetic Fields of Coils ........................................................................... 24 Equipment ............................................................................................................. 24

ii Introduction ........................................................................................................... 24 Theory ................................................................................................................... 24 Setup ..................................................................................................................... 26 Single Coil Procedure ........................................................................................... 28 Analysis 1: Single Coil ......................................................................................... 29 Helmholtz Coil Setup ............................................................................................ 29 Helmholtz Coil Procedure ..................................................................................... 31 Solenoid Procedure ............................................................................................... 31 Solenoid Field ....................................................................................................... 32 Magnetic Field across a Single Coil ..................................................................... 33 Experiment 3 — Faraday’s Law of Induction ....................................................................... 34 Equipment ............................................................................................................. 34 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 34 A – Faraday's Law ................................................................................................. 35 B – Lens’ Law Analysis ........................................................................................ 39 C – Conservation of Energy .................................................................................. 42 Experiment 4 — Ampere’s Law ............................................................................................ 47 Equipment ............................................................................................................. 47 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 47 Theory ................................................................................................................... 48 Setup ..................................................................................................................... 48 Procedure A: Path Encloses Current ..................................................................... 50 Procedure B: Path Does Not Enclose Current ...................................................... 50 Analysis ................................................................................................................. 51

iii L ABORATORY AND M ANUAL I NFORMATION The laboratory experiments are intended as a practical demonstration of various concepts introduced during regular classes. Due to the rigid timetable of the laboratory periods, it may happen on occasion that an experiment precedes the class material. This manual is intended as self- contained study material, which will allow students to be prepared in advance for a laboratory experiment irrespective of material covered in class. All calculations and designs not requiring experimental results should be done prior to the laboratory period. To assess the degree of understanding of theory and procedures, a short oral or written test may be conducted by the instructor and used as a grading component. Equipment pertaining to each lab setup will be described at the beginning of experiments sections. Students should familiarize themselves with the theory and operation of the laboratory equipment. A laboratory report is required from each group for each experiment performed and shall be submitted within one week after the experiment. The front page of the report is shown in Fig. 0-1 and should be reproduced for each laboratory report. The report should be divided into the following parts: objective, introduction, result, discussion and conclusion. The following are some points you should consider while preparing your lab report: 1. Appearance - Does the report look professional? 2. Presentation - Is your write-up easy to follow, logical and complete? - Did you make an effort to write your report in precise and concise style? Get other members of your group to read the manuscript before submission. - Did you make efficient use of relevant figures and tables? - Are the tables used clearly described? - Are graphs properly labelled (titles, units, etc.)? - Are proper headings used? 3. Technical Contents - Are all required points covered? - Did you attempt to make some nontrivial observations and measurements on your own? - How well did you justify your conclusions and results? - Did you use consistently proper units? 4. Punctuality - Do you adhere to the schedule for labs and submission of lab reports? 5. Remember - A report represents written communication. Keep in mind the reader's perspective when writing your report.

iv Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria ECE 216 – Electricity and Magnetism L ABORATORY R EPORT C OVER S HEET Experiment No.: ____________________________________________________________ Title: ____________________________________________________________ Date of Experiment: ____________________________________________________________ (should be as scheduled) Report Submitted on: ____________________________________________________________ (should be within one week from the time of experiment) To: ____________________________________________________________ Laboratory Group #: ____________________________________________________________ Names: (please print) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Fig. 0-1: The front page of a lab report.

v Acknowledgement This introduction on Laboratory and Manual Information is an abbreviated version of the respective section in the ECE 300 Lab Manual, originally written by the late Dr. A. Zielinski. The original version of this manual (May 2021) was compiled by: Deisy Formiga Mamedes, Dr. P. So, and Dr. J. Bornemann. All following sections describing four experiments have been copied/modified from suggested notes on pre-packaged experiments by PASCO: https://www.pasco.com/subjects/college-physics/c/50.

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