CNET304 Lab 3 Signal Analysis in Time and Frequency Domains

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Centennial College *

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Electrical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Lab 3: Signal Analysis in Time and Frequency Domains Lab 3: Signal Analysis in Time and Frequency Domains Prepared by: Dr. Sattar Hussain, @ Centennial College, 2022 Name Student ID Signature* Loken Khadka 301290074 Umanga Bhandari 301320893 U. B Smaran Subedi 301303504 S.S *By signing above, you attest that you have contributed to this submission and confirm that all work you have contributed to this submission is your work. Any suspicion of copying or plagiarism in this work will result in an investigation of Academic Misconduct and may result in a “0” on the work, 1 School of Engineering Technology and Applied Science (SETAS) Information and Computing Engineering Technology (ICET) Section No. 011 Group No. Due Date Mark Obtained (out of 25)

Lab 3: Signal Analysis in Time and Frequency Domains Learning Objectives Upon completion of this lab students will reliably demonstrate the ability to:  Set up an oscilloscope and visualize signals for various adjustment  Gain an understanding of signal representation in time domain  Generate signals using the oscilloscope Gen function  Adjust the frequency and amplitude of various signals and understand their characteristics  Be familiar with signal analysis in the frequency domain  Be familiar with signal harmonics and spectral components of various waveforms  Relate frequency domain analysis of different waveforms to their Fourier Series expressions Equipment Required R&S RTB2002B Digital oscilloscope Overview Transmitted message is often an audio signal such as music or voice. These signals have quite variables characteristics. The time-domain analysis is often used to study the signal’s characteristics where waveform, amplitude, period, and phase of a signal are the main concern. In the laboratory, time-domain observation and measurements of a signal are done using a menu-driven digital oscilloscope. To study phenomena associated with amplitude or frequency modulation, we will substitute simpler signals with controllable parameters. The spectral analysis gives information about a signal by decomposing it into sine waves of different frequencies. Spectrum analyzer is the instrument used for studying signals in the frequency domain. If a perfect sinusoidal signal (i.e. no distortion) is injected into the input of a spectrum analyzer, one vertical line would be seen at the precise frequency (f o ) of the signal. However, signal generators provide real signals which are not perfect. There is always some distortion, which causes much smaller lines to appear at the multiples of the fundamental frequency. A non-sinusoidal signal, such as a triangle wave or square wave, also produce more than one line. 2

Lab 3: Signal Analysis in Time and Frequency Domains Prelab Assignment 1. [ 1 mark ] Calculate given power ratios rounded to 3 significant figures and then express them in dB: 123W/456mW = 269.736  24.309dB 0.00123W/456mW = 0.0269  25.7dB 888pW/66nW = 0.01345  18.71dB [ 1 mark ] Convert the given power gain from dB to power ratios: 33dB  1995.262W -12dB  0.063W -40dB  0.0001W 269.736………………………… ..… → ……24.309dB… 269.736………………………… ..… → ……24.309dB… 269.736………………………… ..… → ……24.309dB… Procedure Notes: 3

Lab 3: Signal Analysis in Time and Frequency Domains a. All screenshots must show the time stamp at the right-bottom corner. b. Note: You are required to print your name and your lab partner name on every single screenshot submitted within this lab using the Annotation tools of the RTB2004B Oscilloscope. c. Throughout this lab, student groups will be assigned different numerical values for some of the analyzed parameters. The lab instructions use the letter x to refer to a certain parameter value. Whenever you see an x, replace this x with the group number. 1. To start, click the [Preset] key to reset the instrument to the scope mode and to default state. 2. Click the [ Gen ] key on the front panel to open the " Function Generator " menu, where you can create various waveforms. 3. Using the Function Generator menu, generate the following signal: 4. Click the [ CH1 ] key and set the oscilloscope Vertical, Horizontal, and Trigger controls as follow: Click Vertical>>Channel 1 and set the following Coupling DC Bandwidth Full Vertical Scale 250 mV Offset 0 Position 0 Click Trigger and set the following 4 Parameter Value Output 1 Function Sine Frequency 1x0.0 kHz Amplitude 1 Vpp Offset 0 V Noise 0 v

Lab 3: Signal Analysis in Time and Frequency Domains Trigger Mode Auto Trigger Type Edge Source C1 Slope Rising Trigger Level 0 V Click Horizontal and set the following Reference Point Middle Time Scale 5 µs Horizontal position 0 5. Use the Annotation tool to print your name and partner name on the top of the Oscilloscope display 6. [2 Marks] Sketch or print and paste the generated signal (Oscilloscope screen) below. 5

Lab 3: Signal Analysis in Time and Frequency Domains 7. Click [ FFT ] key and adjust the FFT screen as follow: Start Frequency 0 Hz Stop Frequency 2 MHz Span 2 MHz RBW 20 kHz Source C1 FFT Window Flat Top Vertical Scale dBm 8. The time domain and frequency domain of an 8-kHz signal is shown below. Use 6

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