EDUC210 quizzes 1-4

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EDUC210 quizzes MODULE 1 Question 1: The use of the 'common sense' approach to teaching is viewed by educational psychologists as... a. Appropriate in most circumstances. b. Inappropriate unless supported by research. c. More reliable than scientific judgments d. The main factor that differentiates experts from novices. Feedback: The correct response is: Inappropriate unless supported by research. Educational psychologists view the 'common sense' approach to teaching as inappropriate and potentially misleading unless supported by research. As illustrated by the examples in the textbook, common sense ideas often do not work in the expected manner when applied in classrooms. Question 2: Which relationship BEST describes the impact of teacher preparation on the quality of teaching? a. There is no relationship between teacher preparation and quality of teaching. b. Teacher preparation and certification are the strongest predictors of student engagement. c. A teacher teaching outside of their major in their teaching field has no significant relationship with student achievement in math and in reading. d. The higher the percentage of teachers teaching outside their field, the lower students’ achievement tends to be. Feedback: Explanation: Research conducted by Linda Darling-Hammond (2000) examined the ways in which teacher qualifications are related to student achievement using data from several U.S.-based courses. Measures of teacher preparation and certification were by far the strongest predictors of student achievement in reading and mathematics, both before and after controlling for student poverty and English language proficiency. Therefore the higher the percentage of teachers who are teaching outside their field, the lower their students’ achievements tend to be. Question 3: According to the Woolfolk et al. text, which would be the biggest

limitation facing student teachers? a. Student teaching does not allow prospective teachers to be as reflective about their teaching as they could be. b. Student teaching often occurs during periods when prospective teachers are busy with their own coursework. c. Student teaching does not prepare prospective teachers very well for starting off a school year with a new class. d. Student teaching is often carried out in classrooms that utilize classroom management strategies that a prospective teacher may not believe in. Feedback: Explanation: Consistent with the 'reality shock' experienced by new teachers as they take their first job and face all their responsibilities with their new class, student teachers, too, are not really prepared for the beginning of a school year with a new class. Question 4: A researcher participates in a class over a two-month period and analyzes the strategies the teacher employs to maintain discipline. This research is an example of what specific type of research study? a. Cross-sectional b. Ethnography c. Experimental d. Longitudinal Feedback: Explanation: Ethnographic studies involve an intensive examination of real-life contexts (such as schools or classrooms) through observations. In this example, the researcher spent two months observing the teacher and recording descriptions of the discipline techniques employed. There is no indication that the researcher is a participant observer in the research. Question 5: What type of correlation coefficient is likely to be obtained between reading ability and running ability of high-school students? a. Close to zero b. Either +1.00 or -1.00 c. Strong positive d. Weak negative e. Question 6: A researcher reports that students who have the highest test scores in school tend to be more involved in extracurricular activities than are

other students. What specific type of research study must have been conducted? a. Correlational b. Descriptive c. Ethnographic d. Experimental Feedback: Explanation: The researcher conducted a correlational study. The purpose is to determine the relationship between test scores and extracurricular activities. Ethnographic studies are another specific type of descriptive research. NO treatment is being manipulated; thus, the research is NOT experimental. Question 7: Random assignments would be most critical in what type of research? a. Case study b. Correlational c. Descriptive d. Experimental Feedback: Explanation: By randomly assigning subjects to treatments and evaluating the treatments, experiments are designed to study cause and effect. Unlike descriptive studies, changes made in an experimental study can be attributed to the treatments introduced, because all other relevant factors are intended to be controlled. In correlational studies, usually only one group of subjects is studied on a variety of factors. A cross-sectional study typically involves several groups of subjects who are then compared on a variety of factors. Such studies are not experimental. Question 8: Dr. Patterson concludes from her research that using a systematic study strategy CAUSED good grades for students assigned to a particular group. For this conclusion to be valid, the type of research that was performed must have been what type of study? a. Correlational b. Descriptive c. Experimental d. Observational Feedback: Explanation: Dr. Patterson can infer cause and effect only from experimentation. Correlational research and observational research provide descriptive results that do not support causal relations. However, these latter two types of research can often

lead to questions that can be studied by means of experimental research. Question 9: According to Woolfolk et al., good theories… a. Explain and predict perfectly. b. Are less scientific compared to ten years ago. c. Can give you a new way of thinking about problems. d. Offer all the answers. Feedback: Explanation: Few theories are able to explain and predict perfectly, or offer all the answers. A good theory, however, will provide a new framework for thinking about problems. For example, a good theory of classroom management might provide new insights about discipline problems, give you tools for creating solutions to many different problems, or predict what might work in new situations (i.e., different classroom contexts, different populations of students, etc.). MODULE 2 Question 1: (1 Point) Which of the following sayings best conveys a child's thinking before the notion of object permanence is acquired? a. "A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush." b. "A penny saved is a penny earned." c. "A stitch in time saves nine." d. "Out of sight, out of mind." Feedback : Explanation: Before object permanence is acquired, a child thinks that an object that is no longer visible has disappeared: 'out of sight, out of mind' as the saying goes. Question 2: (1 Point) The role of 'private speech', in Vygotsky's view, is to: a. Call attention to oneself during play. b. Guide one's activities in solving a problem. c. Encourage children to learn new words. d. Stimulate the development of language from simple words to full sentences. Feedback Explanation: B) According to Vygotsky, private speech serves the

: beneficial function of guiding activities in solving a problem. Use of private speech is most common in the five- to seven-year range. Question 3: (1 Point) All developmental theories have the following general principle in common: a. Development is balanced b. Development is gradual c. Development occurs in a random way d. Individuals develop at the same rate Feedback: Explanation: Development is gradual, occurs in an orderly way, and occurs at variable rates. Development is NOT considered to be balanced, i.e., development is not balanced across physical, personal, social, and cognitive development. Question 4: (1 Point) Which of the following is an example of maturation? a. Gaining weight from age two to age three b. Losing weight due to exercise c. Losing weight during a brief illness d. Learning which foods produce the most weight Feedback: Explanation: Maturation refers to changes that occur naturally and spontaneously, rather than as a result of environmental circumstances. An example is gaining weight from age two to age three. [Note: Losing weight due to illness or exercise is not a natural occurrence, but one that is caused by particular environmental events.] Question 5: (1 Point) The zone of proximal development is the area where students may solve a problem... a. By themselves. b. With no disequilibrium. c. With support. d. Without frustration.

Feedback: Explanation: The zone of proximal development is the area between the learner's current development level and the level the learner could achieve with some support from a more capable peer or through adult guidance. Question 6: According to Piaget, the foundation for development in all humans is supplied by... a. Activity b. Exploration c. Maturation d. Social transmission Feedback: Explanation: The fundamental basis for development in people is biological maturation, the characteristics that are genetically determined. Question 7: The last part of the brain to develop fully is the ___ a. Cerebellum b. Cerebral cortex c. Frontal lobe d. Thalamus Feedback : Explanation: The last section of the brain to develop fully is the frontal lobe in the cerebral cortex. Question 8: Jeannie observed rocks sinking in water and said, "I already knew that all rocks sink." Then she saw a piece of pumice floating on water, and was told that pumice is rock. Several days later, she was asked again if rocks sink in water. She replied, "Well, most do." In Piaget's terms, what process did Jeannie use to draw this conclusion? a. Accommodation b. Assimilation c. Classification d. Conservation Feedback : Explanation: Jeannie is using accommodation by changing her ideas about whether rocks sink or float based on her experience in observing a floating piece of pumice. Assimilation would have involved resisting the idea that rocks float, perhaps by failing to accept pumice as a type of rock.

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