Essential Questions Chapters 14-16

Chapter 14 1. Who is an English learner (EL)? 2. Explain four methods of helping ELs build reading skills. 3. Explain five of the nine classroom strategies for teaching reading to EL students. 4. Explain four problems faced by adolescents with reading problems. Chapter 15 1. In the past, some students with disabilities were classified as having mental retardation. What was the term mental retardation changed to? 2. What is an IEP? 3. Who should attend an IEP meeting? 4. Which is the largest category of disabilities? 5. What are the two pathways for determining students’ eligibility for special education services? 6. What is a least-restrictive environment (LRE)? What does this mean to a classroom teacher who has students with disabilities? 7. What is multisensory instruction? 8. Describe a reading lesson that uses the Orton-Gillingham method. Provide details. Chapter 16 1. What problems did research in the late 1980s and early 1990s reveal with the traditional pullout model of providing reading intervention? 2. In a school setting, who usually initiates the assessment and intervention process? 1. English learners are students / people whose first language is not English, but they are trying to learn English. 2. Providing a lot of oral language exercise, using books in the English language that are simple to read, developing reading fluency, and incorporating writing into the lesson are four strategies to aid ELs in developing their reading abilities. 3. Encourage ELL students to use their first language in and around the school is one of the nine classroom strategies for teaching reading to English language learners, and teaching students that reading is founded on language is another. i. 3. Develop oral language ii. 4. Read books in English iii. 5. Give students many chances to use English 4. Four issues that affect young people with reading difficulties include passive learning (learned helplessness), poor social skills (difficulty making and maintaining friendships during a time when friendships and peer approvals are important), attention problems (because high school work requires long periods of concentration, attention problems can be quite serious), and lack of motivation (students may feel stupid after repeated failure). 1. The term " mental retardation " was changed to " intellectual disability " to better reflect the current understanding of the condition and to promote dignity and respect for individuals with this disability.