Testing Laboratory f23

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University of Ottawa *

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1103

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Apr 3, 2024

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1 Testing and Analysis Laboratory GNG1103 – Engineering Design Objective To practice the evaluation of metrics and interpretation of testing results as well as learn the basics of the MATLAB software environment and be able to solve numerical problems. Background MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It integrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation. Typical uses include: Math, computation, algorithm development, modeling, simulation, prototyping, data analysis, exploration, visualization, scientific and engineering graphics, application development, including Graphical User Interface building. MATLAB is an interactive system whose basic data element is an array that does not require dimensioning. This allows you to solve many technical computing problems, especially those with matrix and vector formulations, in a fraction of the time it would take to write a program in a scalar non-interactive language such as C or FORTRAN. The name MATLAB stands for matrix laboratory. MATLAB was originally written to provide easy access to matrix software. MATLAB has evolved over a period of years with input from many users. In university environments, it is the standard instructional tool for introductory and advanced courses in mathematics, engineering, and science. In industry, MATLAB is the tool of choice for high-productivity research, development, and analysis. The MATLAB Language is a high-level matrix/array language with control flow statements, functions, data structures, input/output, and object-oriented programming features. It allows both "programming in the small" to rapidly create quick and dirty throw-away programs, and "programming in the large" to create complete large and complex application programs. Pre-lab Before arriving at the lab, students should review the lab manual and become familiar with the lab setup and procedures. It is highly recommended to read the first part of Appendix I to understand the basics of MATLAB.

2 Downloads For this lab, you will need access to MATLAB software. If you do not have it installed on your computer, you can access it remotely through the university platform. Below is a link that will guide you through the process of accessing MATLAB. https://www2.uottawa.ca/about-us/information-technology/remote/lab You can find more information about MATLAB in MATLAB official website: https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/learn_matlab/ Review Questions What does MATLAB stand for? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ What are the capabilities of MATLAB? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ What is the basic mathematical element that MATLAB uses? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ What is the window called where you type commands? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ How do you clear the workspace? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

3 IMPORTANT : During this lab you will be taking pictures and screenshots. Paste these screenshots in a Word document (or other) as you go through this lab manual so that you can make a PDF document of all your screenshots of your work. SCENARIO: A new pedestrian bridge must be designed to connect Cummings Island to Riverain Park on the Rideau River. The distance it must cover is approx. 60 m and it must accommodate the width of one maintenance vehicle. It must be able to hold at least 3 kPa of pedestrian load [1]. Assuming the worst Ottawa conditions, it must also be able to withstand hourly wind pressures of 0.41 kPa and a snow load of 2.4 kPa [2]. The City of Ottawa insists that the bridge must be pretty and be the color s of the Ottawa 67’s 1 . According to pedestrian bridge standards, both the vertical deflection due to pedestrian loading and the horizontal deflection due to wind loading shall not exceed 1/360 of the span length [1]. Deflection refers to the displacement or movement of the bridge structure under the load or weight of traffic, pedestrians, or any other applied forces. There are 7 main types of bridges that could be used: Figure 1: Main types of bridges 2 For the purpose of this lab, scale everything by a factor of 240 and assume a safety factor of 1.5. For example, if we want to know the minimum vertical load that the bridge should be able to hold: ??𝑎? 𝑣 = ???????𝑖𝑎? + ???𝑤 = 3 + 2.4 = 5.4?𝑃𝑎 × 1.5 ?𝑎???𝑦 = 8.1?𝑃𝑎 ÷ 240 = 33.75𝑃𝑎 (??𝑎?? ??𝑎??) ????? 𝑣 = ??𝑎? 𝑣 × 𝑎??𝑎 = 33.75𝑃𝑎 × ( 60? ???? × 4? 𝑤𝑖?? 240 ) = 33.75𝑁 (??𝑎?? ??𝑎??) 1 https://teamcolorcodes.com/ottawa-67s-color-codes/ 2 https://www.engineeringclicks.com/types-of-bridges/

4 Part A- Testing Plan 1. Based on the scenario above, one design specification and target value were developed (see following table). Fill the following table with two more design specs based on your understanding of the problem. One of the two design specs must be non-functional. a. Do not use the bridge length as a design specification. Table 1: Design specifications and target values ID Design specifications Relation (=, <, >) Value Units Verification method 1 Vertical load capacity > 33.75 N Test (deflection < 0.7mm) 2 3 2. Based on the three design specs, plan 3 tests to carry out (one for each spec). Fill the following table. Note: make sure to look at the available materials and equipment in the lab to use for these tests. Table 2: Test plans Test ID Objective (Why) Description of test method and materials needed (What) Description of results to be recorded (How) Estimated test duration (When) 1 Validating spec 1 2 Validating spec 2 3 Validating spec 3

5 Part B- Data Collection 1. Based on the tests outlined above, choose a design for the bridge prototype and it draw out in small scale. You may need multiple prototypes to test different aspects but ideally you can use one for all 3. Show it to your TA or PM for approval. a. Important: keep the bridge construction within 300mm x 300mm x 150mm. 2. Construct the prototype(s) out of the available materials in the lab (do not spend more than 45 mins on this step) . 3. Take a picture of the prototype(s). 4. Do the 3 tests outlined in Table 2 by incrementing slowly the values before reaching the target value and record it in the following table. You can add more than 5 data points if you wish. Record your observations and your results at each step. Table 3: Recoded data Increment Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 x y x y x y 1 2 3 4 5 Part C- Data Analysis Part C.1- General Concepts and Core MATLAB Syntax Read the following parts in Appendix II: MATLAB documentation: ● Understanding MATLAB interface ● Working with MATLAB variables ● Basic commands ● Working with matrix and scalar operations 1. Write three matrices X, Y and Z. X is a 3x3 matrix, Y is a 3x4 matrix and Z is a 4x3 matrix. Print them in the command Window screen. 2. Take a screenshot of the Command Window. You’ll use it in your lab report.

6 3. Clear the Command Window. 4. Write the following code: x = 1:2:30 y = 1:3:30 z = 1:4:30 Question 1. Explain what happens in each case. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Clear the Command Window. 6. Considering three matrices A = ‘Faculty’, B = ‘of’ and C = ‘engineering’. Find a way to print in the command window the text: “Faculty of engineering”. Think back to th e Spreadsheet lab where you needed to combine a first and last name. *Note: spaces only work at the start of a string of text and not at the end. 7. Take a screenshot of the Command Window. You’ll use it in your lab report. 8. Clear the Command Window. 9. Write two other matrices Y and Z where: 2 1 4 2 3 6 Y = 3 2 1 Z = 1 5 7 1 4 3 3 4 1 10. Using MATLAB, perform the following operations: T = Y+Z U = Y-Z V = Y*Z W= Y.*Z 11. Take a screenshot of the Command Window. You’ll use it in your lab report. Question 2. What is the difference between V and W? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Question 3. What is the value in matrix T corresponding to row 3 column 2? Write your answer, as well as the MATLAB syntax used to access this index. ______________________________________________________________________________

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