Bank HW 1

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School

University of Dayton *

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475

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Finance

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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2

Uploaded by ColonelGoatMaster1055

Austin Middendorf FIN 475 – 02 Daniel O’Donnell September 4, 2023 Signature Bank Closure On March 12, 2023, the federal government shut the doors to Signature Bank. Signature Bank was experiencing a run on their bank. This was because the depositors at Signature Bank were concerned about the recent failure of the Silicon Valley Bank and began to withdraw large amounts of money. As we look through history, we know that this isn’t a new phenomenon. During economic hardship the people get fearful of the money in banks, and they get desperate and begin to withdraw all their money. This is what happened to Signature Bank until federal regulators stepped in and closed the Bank. When you deposit money into a bank account, for example a savings account, that money is not sitting in storage. The banks loan that money out or invest it. Banks do not like to have cash just sitting there. The government knows this about banks, so they imposed legislation to require banks to keep 10% of deposits on hand. That doesn’t sound like a lot of money to keep. This is why runs on banks can be so deadly for banks. If people become fearful and withdraw all their money well the bank only has 10%. Word travels that people are trying to get their money, but the bank doesn’t have it. This causes more and more people to withdraw and eventually the bank to close. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. was created in the Glass-Steagall Act (Chapter 2, page 33). This means that up to a certain dollar amount of deposits are federally insured by the
U.S. Government. This allows for some comfort for depositors. The FDIC today insures up to $250,000. In the case of the Signature Bank closure the FDIC came out and told depositors that they will get all deposits back regardless of the $250,000 number. As the FDIC investigate Signature Bank, in April of 2023 they release a report putting the blame on mismanagement of Signature Bank and failure to respond quicky to FDIC recommendations. People might ask why the run happened when the FDIC insures up to $250,000. When the Silicon Valley Bank failed this caused panic in Signature Bank depositors. Signature Bank had large amounts of uninsured deposits in crypto. With the run happening on a Friday this led and the new era of online 24/7 banking and social media, federal regulators feared the run would continue through the weekend. So, on Sunday, March 12, 2023, New York State took over the bank with the FDIC as a receiver to protect the depositors. In short, the causes for the closure were related to the Silicon Valley Bank collapse and other reasons of poor management. The FDIC released a report after their investigation and concluded that management failed to fully understand the risks of the crypto sector, the large deposits that were uninsured, and liquidity problems. The FDIC took some blame in the sense that they did not due their due diligence because the FDIC lack of staff. In conclusion the FDIC stepped in to secure the assets of depositors. Everyone that had money in Signature Bank was made whole but if your deposits were in the crypto sector the FDIC is still working to make those deposits whole.
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