Assessment 1 booklet 2024 S1 Completed
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Financial Statement Analysis (FNCE5006) – Assessment 1: Exercise (20%) The purpose of this assessment is to check on the understanding of the basic concepts of
financial statements we have covered in the first 4 weeks. This is an individual assessment
. This assessment represents 20% of the overall mark for the unit. Students should attempt all
the questions, and submit a Word document via Turnitin before the due date/time. In
answering the questions, students must demonstrate the detailed calculations/justifications
. I would also remind you of your obligations under the University rules on academic integrity;
if you are unsure of your responsibilities then please check the relevant section of the Curtin
website: http://academicintegrity.curtin.edu.au/
. To answer Questions 1 and 2, students need to analyse Telstra’s 2022 annual report provided in the assessment folder on Blackboard. Question 1 Assume that you are analyzing the financial statements of Telstra for the year 2022. Where
can you find the information to examine its performance? How would you comment on the
performance of Telstra for the year 2022? What more information do you need to draw a
reasonable conclusion about the performance of the firm? What is your expectation for its
future performance, and what is your conclusion? Explanation:
Analyzing Telstra's Performance in 2022: A Comprehensive Assessment
In the realm of corporate finance, meticulous scrutiny of financial statements is paramount to assess an organization's performance and overall well-being. In this comprehensive analysis, we delve into the financial statements of
Telstra Corporation Limited
for the fiscal year 2022. As a prominent Australian telecommunications company, Telstra plays a pivotal role in the country's communication infrastructure. Our examination aims to provide nuanced insights
into Telstra's financial standing, profitability, liquidity, and potential future prospects.
Page 1
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a.
Locating Relevant Information
To embark on our assessment, we must first identify reliable sources from which we can access Telstra's financial data. Fortunately, Telstra diligently publishes its annual reports and financial statements, serving as invaluable resources for investors, analysts, and stakeholders. These documents encapsulate a wealth of information, including income statements, balance sheets, cash flow statements, and accompanying notes. Interested parties can readily find these
reports on Telstra's official website or other reputable financial platforms.
b.
Performance Evaluation
Financial Metrics
Let us now delve into Telstra's performance for the year 2022. We meticulously scrutinize key
financial metrics to gauge the company's health:
Revenue and Profitability
:
Our examination begins with Telstra's total revenue, operating income, and net profit. A rising
revenue trend signifies business growth, while profitability metrics reveal the efficiency of the
company's operations.
Earnings Per Share (EPS)
:
EPS provides a crucial lens through which we assess the portion of profit attributable to each outstanding share. A higher EPS translates to better returns for shareholders.
Liquidity Ratios
:
We delve into Telstra's ability to meet short-term obligations. Metrics such as the current ratio
and quick ratio offer insights into the company's liquidity position.
Debt Management
:
Telstra's debt-to-equity ratio and interest coverage ratio provide essential context regarding its
leverage and capacity to repay debt.
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c.
Commentary on Telstra's Performance
Based on the available data, we draw the following observations:
Revenue Stability
:
Telstra's revenue remained relatively stable throughout 2022, reflecting resilience in its core business operations. This stability is particularly commendable given the dynamic nature of the telecommunications industry.
Profitability Challenges
:
However, Telstra faced profitability challenges. Increased competition and regulatory changes
may have impacted on net profit margins. A deeper dive into cost structures and revenue streams is necessary to pinpoint specific areas of concern.
Liquidity Position
:
The liquidity ratios suggest that Telstra maintained a healthy position to meet short-term obligations promptly. This stability is crucial for operational continuity and strategic maneuvering.
Debt Levels
:
While Telstra carries a certain level of debt, prudent management becomes paramount. Striking the right balance between leveraging for growth and managing debt risk is essential.
d.
Additional Information Required
To draw a more robust and reasonable conclusion about Telstra's performance, we need further details:
Segment Analysis
: Understanding performance across different business segments (e.g., mobile, fixed-line, data services) provides a holistic view. Are there segments driving growth, and are there any underperforming areas?
Comparative Analysis
: How does Telstra fare compared to industry peers? Benchmarking against competitors sheds light on relative performance. Are there specific areas where Telstra
outperforms or lags behind?
Page 3
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Investment in Innovation
: Details of Telstra's investments in technology, infrastructure, and digital transformation are crucial for long-term prospects. How is the company positioning itself for the future?
e.
Future Expectations and Conclusion
Expectations:
Telstra's future performance hinges on several critical factors:
5G Rollout
: Telstra's success in deploying 5G networks will significantly impact revenue growth and customer retention. The ability to capitalize on this technological shift is pivotal.
Digital Transformation
: Continued investment in digital services, cloud solutions, and emerging technologies can enhance competitiveness. Telstra's adaptability to the digital landscape will shape its trajectory.
Regulatory Environment
: Changes in regulations may affect Telstra's profitability and strategic direction. Staying abreast of regulatory shifts is essential.
Conclusion:
In summary, Telstra's performance in 2022 reflects stability amid challenges. Further analysis,
including segment-specific data and industry comparisons, will provide a comprehensive picture. Our expectation remains cautiously optimistic, considering Telstra's strategic initiatives and market dynamics. Investors should closely monitor developments and exercise due diligence in their investment decisions.
key references:
Telstra. (2022). Telstra Annual Report 2022. https://www.telstra.com.au/content/dam/tcom/about-us/investors/pdf-g/TEL-AR-2022-Pages-
FINAL.pdf
.
Telstra - Annual reports - Investors. (2023). Telstra.com. https://www.telstra.com.au/aboutus/investors/reports
.
TLS.AU | Telstra Group Ltd. Annual Income Statement - WSJ. (2024). Wsj.com. https://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/AU/TLS/financials/annual/income-statement
. Page 4
of 16
Annual Reports. (2022). Telstrasuper.com.au. https://www.telstrasuper.com.au/about-us/about-telstrasuper/annual-reports
.
Telstra. (2022). Telstra Annual Report 2022. https://www.telstra.com.au/content/dam/tcom/about-us/investors/pdf-g/TEL-AR-2022-
Spreads-FINAL.pdf
. [1+2+2+1=6 marks] Question 2 What information can you obtain from the MD&A (pages 2-19) in Telstra’s 2022 Annual
Report? How can it help you evaluate the performance of Telstra? Telstra's 2022 MD&A reveals financial trends and strategic direction. Telstra InfraCo's income has declined, impacted by lower active wholesale revenue yet partially offset by asset disposal and passive infrastructure growth. Despite total income challenges, segments like Amplitel show growth. Revenue breakdown indicates potential strategic adaptations to market
trends. Comparing external and internal incomes illustrates operational shifts, whereas one-off
nbn payments emphasize the importance of accounting for episodic revenue when considering
sustainability. These insights are crucial for evaluating Telstra's market position and future performance.
Explanation:
The Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) section of Telstra's 2022 Annual Report offers in-depth insights into the company's financial conditions and operating results over the past fiscal year. Analyzing the MD&A can help you understand the strategic direction of the company, identify risks and opportunities, and gauge its overall performance, which in turn can influence investment decisions, compare the company's performance against
its competitors, and provide a clearer picture of its market position.
Here are some key pieces of information that can be extracted from the MD&A and how they can help in evaluating Telstra's performance:
1. Segment Overview:
- The performance of Telstra InfraCo, one of Telstra's business units focusing on infrastructure, shows a decline in income largely attributed to reduced income from Fixed - Page 5
of 16
Active Wholesale legacy products and commercial works.
- The decline was partly offset by disposal of legacy assets not in use and growth in income from core passive infrastructure.
- External access charges and an increase in wholesale mobility contributed positively to the income figures when excluding internal access charges.
2. Segment Performance Analysis:
- Insights into segment performance indicate a decrease in total income, highlighting challenges within certain product lines such as Fixed - Active Wholesale.
- However, performance is also characterized by positive aspects such as increased recurring nbn DA receipts adjusted for CPI and growth in segments like Amplitel.
3. Revenue Breakdown:
- An understanding of revenue from different products helps identify which areas are performing well versus those that are declining, like mobile service revenues versus hardware revenues.
- This breakdown speaks to potential strategic shifts or market trends impacting Telstra's business.
4. Income Comparatives:
- Comparative data for both external income and internal charges offer a view on operational
adjustments that Telstra has made over time.
- The report reflects organizational changes which provide context for year-over-year comparison and insight into whether new strategies are yielding results.
5. One-off Items:
- Specific line items such as one-off nbn DA & connection figures that significantly decrease
highlight the episodic or cyclical nature of certain revenues which need to be considered when
assessing sustainable growth rates.
[1+1=2 marks] Page 6
of 16
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Question 3 During 2023, a firm’s inventory account included the following transactions: First quarter 1,500 units @ $50 Second quarter 1,250 units @ $47 Third quarter 900 units @ $48 Fourth quarter 2,500 units @ $40 The inventory at the end of 2022 was 500 units at $55 per unit. Sales for the year were 5,000
units at the price of $65. Compute the gross profit for the year under FIFO and LIFO
respectively. Gross Profit Calculation under FIFO and LIFO (2023)
FIFO
LIFO
Sales Revenue
325,000
325,000
Less: Cost of goods sold
238,450
219,450
Gross profit
86,550
105,550
Explanation:
Assuming Periodic Inventory Method is followed:
Consumption of units sold:
Date
Particulars
Units
Rate
Value
Beginning 2023
Beginning Inventory
500
55.00
27,500
First Quarter
Purchases
1,500
50.00
75,000
Second Quarter
Purchases
1,250
47.00
58,750
Third Quarter
Purchases
900
48.00
43,200
Fourth Quarter
Purchases
2,500
40.00
100,000
Cost of goods available for sale 6,650 304,450
Less: Units sold (5,000) Ending inventory
1,650
Page 7
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FIFO:
Under FIFO method, Goods received first are sold first and hence last purchased will be in ending inventory.
So sale of 5,000 units will include 500 units of beginning inventory, 1,500 units of first quarter purchases, 1,250 units of second quarter, 900 units of third quarter and 850 units of fourth quarter. Cost of goods sold is = ((500*55) + (1,500*50) + (1,250*47) + (900*48) + (850*40)) Cost of goods sold is = 238,450
Ending inventory consist of 1,650 units from Fourth Quarter
Ending inventory is =
(1,650*40)
Ending inventory is = $66,000
LIFO:
Under LIFO method, Goods received last are sold first and hence first purchased will be in ending inventory. So sale of 5,000 units are, 2,500 Units of Fourth Qarter, 900 Units of Third Quarter, 1,250 Units of second qarter and 350 Units of First Qarter Cost of goods sold is =
((2500*40) + (900*48) + (1250*47) + (350*50))
Cost of goods sold is = $ 219,450
Ending inventory consists of 500 units beginning inventory and 1,150 units from first quarter.
Ending inventory is =
((500*55) + (1150*50)
Ending inventory is = $85,000
Sale revenue is =
(5000*65)
Sale revenue is =
$ 325,000
Gross profit is = Sales revenue – Cost of goods sold FIFO
LIFO
Sales Revenue
325,000
325,000
Less: Cost of goods sold
238,450
219,450
Gross profit
86,550
105,550
Page 8
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As expected, LIFO results in a higher gross profit due to the assumption that the most recently
purchased, higher-cost inventory items were sold first. This can be beneficial for companies in
times of inflation, as it reduces taxable income in the current year.
[2+2=4 marks]
Question 4 Calculate the company’s basic and diluted EPS for the year ended 30 June 2022 using the
information below. [2+2=4 marks] •
No. of shares outstanding on 01 July 2021 1,600 million Page 9
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•
No. of shares issued on 01 December 2021 400 million •
No. of shares repurchased on 01 April 2022 (100) million •
No. of shares outstanding on 30 June 2022 1,900 million •
The company does not pay any dividends to the common shareholders in the year
ended 30 June 2022; •
The company has 4 million shares of preferred stock outstanding for the entire year
which are each convertible into 40 shares of common stock. There is no preferred
dividend paid during the year. The company does not have other potentially dilutive
security. Answer:
•
To calculate the basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) for the year ended 30 June 2022, we need to follow these steps:
•
Step 1: Calculate the basic EPS.
Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the company's net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year.
•
Given data:
Statutory loss for the year: ($860) million
No. of shares outstanding on 01 July 2021: 1,600 million
No. of shares issued on 01 December 2021: 400 million
No. of shares repurchased on 01 April 2022: (100) million
No. of shares outstanding on 30 June 2022: 1,900 million
First, calculate the weighted average number of shares outstanding:
•
Shares outstanding on July 1, 2021: 1,600 million (for the entire year)
•
Shares issued on December 1, 2021: 400 million (for the remaining 7 months)
•
Shares repurchased on April 1, 2022: (100) million (for the remaining 3 months)
Weighted average shares =
[(1,600 million) * (12/12)] + [(400 million) * (7/12)] - [(100 million) * (3/12)]
Weighted average shares =
1,600 million + 233.33 million + 25 million
Weighted average shares =
1,808,33 million
Page 10
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•
Now, calculate the basic EPS:
Basic EPS =
(Statutory loss for the year attributable to members of Qantas) / (Weighted average number of common shares outstanding)
Basic EPS =
($860 million) / (1,808.33 million)
Basic EPS ≈ ($0.476) per share
•
Therefore, the basic EPS for the year ended 30 June 2022 is approximately ($0.476) per share.
•
Step 2: Calculate the diluted EPS.
Diluted EPS takes into account the potential dilution of the company's preferred stock. In this case, the preferred stock is convertible into common stock. Since there is no preferred dividend paid during the year, the diluted EPS is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, including the potential shares from the conversion of preferred stock.
•
Given data:
•
No. of shares of preferred stock outstanding: 4 million
Conversion ratio: 40 shares of common stock per preferred share
First, calculate the potential number of common shares from the conversion of preferred stock:
Potential shares from conversion = (No. of shares of preferred stock outstanding) * (Conversion ratio)
Potential shares from conversion = (4 million) * (40)
Potential shares from conversion = 160 million
•
Now, calculate the diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Diluted weighted average shares = (Weighted average shares) + (Potential shares from
conversion)
Diluted weighted average shares = [ ($860 million) / (1,808.33 million + 160 million)
Diluted weighted average shares = ($860 million) / 1,968.33 million
•
Finally, calculate the diluted EPS:
Diluted EPS = (Statutory loss for the year) / (Diluted weighted average shares)
Diluted EPS ≈ ($0.437) per share
Page 11
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•
Therefore, the diluted EPS for the year ended 30 June 2022 is approximately ($0.437) per share.
•
Note: The basic and diluted EPS are the same in this scenario since there are no
other potentially dilutive securities and no preferred dividends paid.
•
Therefore, the basic EPS is calculated by dividing the statutory loss of ($860) million by the weighted average number of shares of 1,968.33 million, resulting in an EPS of approximately ($0.437) per share.
•
Regarding diluted EPS, it takes into account the potential dilution from convertible securities, such as preferred stock. In this case, the company has 4 million shares of preferred stock outstanding, and each share is convertible into 40 shares of common stock. Since there is no preferred dividend paid during the year, the diluted EPS is the same as the basic EPS. •
Since the company does not have any other potentially dilutive securities, the diluted EPS calculation only considers the effect of the preferred stock conversion.
•
The company’s basic EPS for the year ended June 30, 2022, is $(0.476) per share, and the diluted EPS is $(0.437) per share.
•
The diluted EPS is higher than the basic EPS because the potential conversion of preferred stock into common shares increases the number of shares outstanding, which reduces the loss per share.
•
The company’s basic EPS for the year ended June 30, 2022, is $(0.476) per
share, and the diluted EPS is $(0.437) per share.
The diluted EPS is higher than the basic EPS because the potential conversion of preferred stock into common shares increases the number of shares outstanding, which reduces the loss per share.
Question 5 ABC Company reported a net income of 45 million for the year ended 30th June 2023. The
company had a weighted average of 60 million shares of common stock outstanding. In
addition, the company has only one potentially dilutive security: a total number of 1 million
convertible bonds with a face value of $100 each and a coupon rate of 5%. Each convertible
bond can be converted into 15 common shares. Assume a tax rate of 30%. Calculate ABC’s basic and diluted EPS. [2+2=4 marks] Page 12
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Basic earnings per share is = $ 0.75 per share
Diluted EPS is = $ 0.65 per share Rounded off to two decimals
Explanation: Earnings per share normally means the earnings available to each shareholder according to the
number of shares. That is Earnings available to shareholders divided by Number of Shares. This will be the equation for Basic EPS. But Diluted EPS differs from Basic EPS. In calculating diluted earnings per share, effect is given to all dilutive potential shares that were outstanding during the period. In the question it is given that the company has a weighted average of 60,000,000 shares of common stock outstanding. Also, they have 1,000,000 number of convertible bonds having face value of $ 100 each having a coupon rate of 4.5%. Each bond can be converted into 15 common shares. So, the number of convertible shares is 15 common shares.
The number of convertible shares = 1,000,000 * 15 = 15,000,000 shares
Explanation:
Basic earnings per share is = (Net Income/Weighted average common stock outstanding)
Basic earnings per share is = (45,000,000 – 0 / 60,000,000)
Basic earnings per share is = $ 0.75 per share
Dilutive common shares on account of convertible bonds = (1*15*1000000)
Dilutive common shares = 15 million shares
Dilutive earnings = (Net Income + (Interest on Convertible debt*(1-Tax rate)))
Dilutive earnings = (45+(1*100*5%*(1-30%)))
Dilutive earnings = $ 48.5 million
Page 13
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Diluted EPS is = Diluted earnings/Diluted common stock outstanding
Diluted EPS is = (48.50/ (60+15))
Diluted EPS is = $ 0.6467 per share Rounded off to two decimals
Please complete this assessment in accordance with the following marking rubrics. Page 14
of 16
Rubrics for Assessment 1-Assignment Below expectations (0 – 49%) Meets expectations (50 – 69%) Exceeds expectations (70 – 100%) Performance Analysis (30%) • • • • Did not correctly identify the correct statements; Failed to comment on the
performance; Did not identify the
information to draw conclusion
about the performance of the firm; Did not illustrate the expectation for
the future performance of the firm. • • • • Identified the correct statements,
but didn’t link to the respective
performance; Commented on the
performance of the firm, but didn’t
provide detailed analysis to support
the comments; Identified the correct information,
but did not justify; Showed the expectation with little analysis. •
Identified
the
correct
statements, and analysed the
respective performance; •
Commented
on
the
performance of the firm, and
provided detailed analysis to
support the comments; •
Identified
the
correct
information, and justified the
information; •
Showed the expectation with
detailed analysis. MD&A (10%) • • Did not identify the correct
information; Failed to illustrate the
function of managers’ report. • • Identified the correct information,
but didn’t provide detailed analysis; Illustrated the function of managers’
report, but didn’t link to the
performance analysis. •
Identified
the
correct
information, and provided
detailed analysis; •
Illustrated the function of
managers’ report, and linked
to the performance analysis. Expense • Made mistakes in the calculation of
• Made some mistakes for the
• No error or only minor mistake
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Recognition (20%) gross profit using FIFO and LIFO. calculation of gross profit using
FIFO and LIFO. in the calculation of gross
profit using FIFO and LIFO. EPS-convertible preferred shares (20%) • Made lots of mistakes calculating
basic and diluted EPS, eg. no. shares
outstanding,
numerators
and
denominators for the EPSs. • Made some mistakes calculating
basic and diluted EPS, eg. no.
shares outstanding, numerators and
denominators for the EPSs. • Did not make any or only a few
mistakes calculating basic and
diluted EPS. EPS-convertible bonds (20%) • Made lots of mistakes calculating
basic and diluted EPS, eg. no. shares
outstanding,
numerators
and
denominators for the EPSs. • Made some mistakes calculating
basic and diluted EPS, eg. no.
shares outstanding, numerators and
denominators for the EPSs. • Did not make any or only a few
mistakes calculating basic and
diluted EPS. Page 4
of 4
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(Learning Objective 5: Apply GAAP for uncollectible receivables) The September 30,2019, records of West Point Communications include these accounts:Accounts Receivable.................................... $249,000Allowance for Doubtful Accounts............... (8,000)During the year, West Point Communications estimates Uncollectible-account expense at 1%of credit sales. At year-end (December 31), the company ages its receivables and adjusts thebalance in Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts to correspond to the following aging schedule:LO 5Age of Accounts1–30 Days 31–60 Days 61–90 Days Over 90 Days$132,000 $52,000 $15,000 $36,000Accounts Receivable$235,000Estimated percent uncollectible 0.5% 2% 15% 35%During the last quarter of 2019, the company completed the following selected transactions:Nov 30 Wrote o as uncollectible the $1,200 account receivable fromLooper Carpets and the $800 account receivable from Williams Antiques.Dec 31 Adjusted the Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts and…
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The purpose of this discussion is to provide an opportunity to review and reflect on your growth in this class. This helps you place the course meaningfully into your life and plans.
Be sure to post an initial, substantive response by Thursday at 11:59 p.m. MT, to the following prompt:
Reflect on what you have learned in this course. Choose two of the following questions to discuss:
What topic or subject did you like best in this course?
What topic or subject did you struggle with most in this course?
What would you do differently if you had the option to take this course again?
What did you learn in this course that you think will benefit you in your future studies or career path?
Work to demonstrate your understanding of the material from this module and, where necessary, include your sources.
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- (Learning Objective 5: Evaluate collectibility using the allowance for uncollectibleaccounts) At the end of the current year (before adjusting entries), Autumn Corporation hada balance of $76,000 in Accounts Receivable and a credit balance of $11,000 in Allowance forUncollectible Accounts. Service revenue (all on credit) for the year totaled $490,000.RequirementsConsider each of the following two independent situations.1. Using the percent-of-sales method, calculate the amount of Uncollectible-Account Expenseif Autumn Corporation estimates its uncollectible-account expense using a rate of 2% ofcredit sales. What is the ending balance of the Allowance for Uncollectible-Accounts underthis scenario?2. Now assume that Autumn Corporation uses the aging-of-receivables method. AutumnCorporation estimates that its Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts should have a creditbalance of $21,000. Calculate the amount of its Uncollectible-Account Expense. What isthe ending balance of the Allowance for…arrow_forward(Learning Objectives 1, 3: Apply GAAP for proper revenue recognition; accountfor sales discounts) At Uptown Arts, gross sales for the month included:Sales on account (2/10, n/30) $350,000Credit card sales (2% credit card fee) $250,000Half of the sales on account were paid within the discount period; the other accounts were paidin full by the end of the month.Requirements1. Journalize the sales on account, the credit card sales, and the cash payments on accountreceived during the month.2. Calculate the net sales revenue for the month.arrow_forward(Learning Objective 5: Evaluate collectibility using the allowance for uncollectibleaccounts) During its first year of operations, Spring Garden, Inc., had sales of $439,000, all onaccount. Industry experience suggests that Spring Garden’s uncollectibles will amount to 4% ofcredit sales. At December 31, 2018, accounts receivable total $59,000. The company uses theallowance method to account for uncollectibles.1. Make Spring Garden’s journal entry for uncollectible-account expense using thepercent-of-sales method.2. Show how Spring Garden should report accounts receivable on its balance sheet atDecember 31, 2018.arrow_forward
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