Problem_Set_2_Group_O
docx
School
Campbellsville University *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
60298 H1
Subject
Finance
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
12
Uploaded by gundaswaroop14
BA62070H320
Group Problem Set 2
Laxmi Kirti Bachu Satish Gadepally,
Nagendar Jajula
, Amarnath Kommalapati
, Sandeep Ramini
Part 1: Capital Budgeting Analysis
Shipping Costs Associated $10,000.00 Installation costs for the machine
$30,000.00 Purchase for Machine $200,000
Four years of machine operation WACC 10% Total salvage value at end of machine operation $25,000.00 The $40,000 used in the maintenance of the empty lot should not be included in the analysis. The
cost of maintaining the empty lot is part of the running costs of the firm and including it will be double accounting. Year 0
First Year
Second Year
Third Year
Fourth Year
Product Units
1250
1250
1250
1250
Cost per Unit
$100
$103
$106.09
$109.27
SP/Unit
$200
$206
$212.18
$218.55
Revenue
$250,000
$257,500
$265,225
$273,182
NWC
$30,000
$30,900
31,827$
$32,781.81
Year
Sales Unit
Sale price
Variable
cost
Contri
bution per unit
Depreciatio
n
PBT
Tax @40%
PAT
Depreciati
on
Operatin
g Cash Flows
Net working capital
0
30,000
1
1250
$200
$100
$100
79,992
45,008
18,003
27,005
79,992
106,997
900
2
1250
$206
$103
$103
106,680
22,070
8,828
13,242
106,680
119,922
927
3
1250
$212.1
8
$106.09
$106.0
9
35,544
97,069
38,827
58,241
35,544
93,785
955
4
1250
$218.5
5
$109.27
$109.2
7
17,784
118,807
47,523
71,784
17,784
89,068
32,782
Year 0
First Year
Second Year
Third Year
Fourth Year
Investment $240,000
Revenue $250,000
$257,500
$265,225
$273,181.75
Cost
$125,000
$128,750
$132,612.50
$136,590.88
EBITDA
$125,000
$128,750
$132,612.50
$136,590.88
Depreciation
$43,750
$43,750
$43,750
$43,750
EBIT
$81,250
$85,000
$88,862.50
$92,840.88
Tax Payable
$32,500
$34,000
$35,545
$37,136.35
Net Income
$48,750
$51,000
$53,317.50
$55,704.53
Investment Total Cash Flows
PVIF @10%
Present Value
Simple Cumulative Cash Flows
Cumulative PV Cash Flows
240,000
270,000
1.000
$270,000.00
$270,000.00
$270,000.00
106,997
0.909
$97,269.82
$163,003.20
$172,730.18
119,922
0.826
$99,109.09
$43,081.20
$73,621.09
93,785
0.751
$70,462.13
$50,703.90
$3,158.96
15,000
89,068
0.683
$60,834.73
$139,772.03
$57,675.77
IRR
= 19.93% Net Present Value
= $57,675.77 MIRR
= 15.46% PI
= 1.21 (1 + 57675/270000) Payback Period
= 2.81 (2 + 77100/95038) Discounted Payback
= 3.48 (3 + 311141.85/64929.38) Year 0
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
FCF
$62,500
$63,850
$65,240.50
$66,672.72
Discounting Factor
0.909090909
0.826446281
0.751314801
0.683013455
DCF
$240,00
0
$56,818.18
$52,768.60
$49,016.15
$45,538.36
NPV $ (35,858.71) Payback method CF $ 258,263.22
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
The payback method does not consider the value of money over a period of time (inflation) given
this, the firm ought to consider implementing the investment.
NPV is the Net Present Value which considers the firmss discounting factor while evaluating the feasibility of its implementation.
IRR is the internal rate of return; this is the rate at which NPV is zero Profitability Index is measured using the payoff received by the investment made.
If NPV is negative, it means that the project is not feasible and should therefore not be implemented.
Part 2: Working Capital Management
Question One
a). Days inventory outstanding = 365 days / Inventory turnover
= 365 / 7.5
= 48.67 days
Cash conversion cycle = Days sales outstanding+ Days inventory outstanding - Payables deferral
period = (36.5 days + 48.67 days) - 40 days = 45.17 days.
b).
Net sales = 150000
Total assets = Accounts receivable + Inventory + Fixed assets
= (Net sales * DSO days) / 365 + (COGS / Inventory turnover) + 35,000
= (150000*36.5) /365 + (121667 / 7.5) +35000
= (5475000/365) + 16222.27 + 35000
=15000+16222.27+35000
=$66222.27
Asset turnover = Net sales / Total sales
= $150000 / $66222.27
= 2.27
Net profit = 150000 * 6% =150000*0.06
=$9000
Return on assets = Net profit / Total assets
= 9000 / 66222.27
= 0.1359=13.59%
c).
Days inventory outstanding = 365 days / Inventory turnover
= 365 / 9
= 40.56 days
Cash conversion cycle = Days sales outstanding+ Days inventory outstanding - Payables deferral
period
= 36.5 days + 40.56 days - 40 days
= 37.06 days
Total assets = Accounts receivable + Inventory + Fixed assets
= (Net sales * DSO days) / 365 + (COGS / Inventory turnover) + 35000
= (150000*36.5) /365 + (121667 / 9) +35000
= $63518.56
Asset turnover = Net sales / Total sales
= $150000 / $63518.56
= 2.36
Return on assets = Net profit / Total assets = 9000 / 63518.56
= 14.17%
Question Two
Inventory= sales/inventory turnover ratio
Inventory=$10000000/2
=$5000000
In case the inventory ratio was raised by 5 then the inventory will be =$10000000/5
=$2000000
After the turnover ratio is increased the amount that is freed will be;
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
= $5000000 - $2000000
=$3000000
Part 3: Dividend Policy
a). Irrelevance theory postulates that dividends do not affect a firm’s stock price. Dividends are monies paid to the firms’ shareholders as part of their returns for investing in the company. The companies that opt to pay regular dividends do not experience a better performing stock price as compared to firms that do not
(
Bogna, 2015). Developed in answer to the irrelevance theory, the bird-in-hand theory states that investors prefer a certain payment of dividends rather than a promissory possibility of higher future capital gain. As the name suggests, investors prefer
the certainty of regular dividend payouts as compared to the future price of the stock. In contrast,
the tax preference theory holds that several investors prefer a capital gain in the long-run as compared to regular dividend payouts. The investors would therefore rather than return profits are returned to the firm for re-investment. b).
The three theories indicate that management should not prefer a dividend payout over plowing back of company profits to create a capital gain (Bogna, 2015). While dividend payment
may be appreciated in the short-run, the firm should not risk the long-term stability and capital gain of the firm and use up profits to pay out shareholders. Since the sentiment is also prevalent among shareholders, management should prioritize the growth of the company to increase value for the shareholders. c).
Stock re-purchases are a decision by a firm to buy back some of its stock from the market. A key advantage of re-purchases is the ability of the firm to improve its consolidation and increasing its financial ratios. By improving its ownership consolidation, it becomes easier
for management to implement unpopular long-term decisions and plans that would otherwise attract widespread opposition. However, stock re-purchases take money away from the company and may decrease its liquidity ratios and ability to meet short-term obligations. d).
Stock dividends are payouts made by the firm in form of shares as opposed to cash. The advantage of a stock dividend is that it does not reduce the firms’ cash balance (Bogna, 2015). However, a stock dividend can reduce earnings per share for the shareholders. On the other hand,
a stock split happens when a firm divides its current shares into smaller ones. A stock split reduces the price of a share and therefore appeals to new investors that can pump money into the company. Other investors can also be strategic industry partners. However, a stock split can reduce the share price and reduce the valuation of the company. Part 4: International Financial Management
a). A multinational corporation is a firm that is operational in several countries across the world. Companies expand into other countries to improve efficiency. Different countries and regions have certain prevailing optimal conditions to produce specific goods and services. For example, countries with low labor costs are the best to base labor-intensive parts of the production process
(
Faulkender & Smith, 2016). Similarly, certain countries have the personnel and educated groups to develop high-value products such as computer chips. Another advantage of operating in other countries is tax avoidance and increasing the consumer base. b).
Cultural differences between countries affect the financial and policy decisions of multinationals in a way that local companies are not
(
Intan & Bellamy, 2016). For example, while consumers in the United States like huge trucks, Europeans often favor smaller cars. A
similar trend can be seen in Japan in comparison to the United States. United States car manufacturers, therefore, have to take into consideration the cultural differences between Europe
and America. Another consideration that multinationals have to take into account includes currency denominations that are constantly fluctuating
(
Rottig, 2016). Changes in the exchange rates can either spell boom or doom for a multinational and affect the price of its products. Since some products are imported, changes in the rate of exchange can mean either an increase or decrease in
the cost of a product or service. Another risk associated with being a multinational company is the existence of different legal frameworks in each jurisdiction. Each country may have a separate regulatory framework that necessitates different approaches to its market. For example, the Chinese government requires that foreign companies operating in the country in certain industries cooperate with local
players and give part of their ownership to local investors.
Additionally, political risks mean that multinationals have to constantly prepare for riots and other upheavals that may negatively affect their business. Election cycles in some country’s predicate violence and political upheaval. A multinational may therefore need to budget for such contingencies within the foreign market. In addition to the legal framework, the size and role of the government within a market affect the financial management of a multinational (Rottig, 2016). In some jurisdictions, the outsize nature of the government within the market means that a company has to restrict its entry
into those segments of the market.
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Different languages also affect the financial management of a multinational. Language barrier means that a multinational has to re-package its advertising and product descriptions to go
along with the main language being spoken within the new market. It also affects the recruitment
process and ability to directly import products from the home market. c).
The exchange rate risk for multinationals is both an advantage and a disadvantage for the multinational. Increases in the exchange rate increase the cost of importing products to the home market while decreases cause the reverse effect. Countries with a weak currency often tend to favor exports over imports. If their currencies continue to weaken, the cost of importation increases substantially.
d).
The current global monetary system departs from the gold-standard that was in use before
1971
(
Haron, 2018). In the previous model, the currency of a nation was pegged onto gold and ensured the stability of the same. After 1971, the major economies abandoned the gold standard in favor of the fiat system where each government props up its currency and determines its value
(
Kirkby, 2018). In the current model, central banks have the tools to affect the value of a currency that is not pegged onto any item of value. e).
The spot rate is the immediate settlement of an interest rate normally within two days while forward rates are typically employed for payment schedules that will happen in the future. A forward rate is at a premium when its exchange rate is quoted higher than the spot exchange rate
(
Lotz, 2018). A discount occurs when the forward exchange rate is less than the spot rate. f).
The Citrus management has to prepare accordingly before venturing into the new market by analyzing the cultural and political/legal differences between the two regions of the world. It
also has to take into account the fluctuating exchange rate of the different jurisdictions and find ways to manage any changes. References
Bogna, K, J. (2015). Determinants of Dividend Policy: Evidence from Polish Listed Companies. Procedia Economics and Finance
, Vol. 23, pp. 473-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00490-6
Faulkender, M., & Smith, J. (2016). Taxes and leverage at multinational corporations
. Journal of Financial Economics,
Vol. 122, Issue. 1, pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2016.05.011
Haron, R. (2018). Cryptocurrencies, Fiat money or gold standard: empirical evidence from volatility structure analysis using news impact curve. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMEF.2019.100262
Intan, S., & Bellamy, J. (2016). Multinational Corporations and the Globalization of Monopoly Capital: From the 1960s to the Present. Vol.68, Issue. 3, pp. 114-131. https://10.14452/MR-068-03-2016-07_9
Kirkby, R. (2018). Cryptocurrencies and Digital Fiat Currencies. The Australian Economic Review
, Vol. 51, Issue. 4, pp. 527-539. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8462.12307
Lotz, S. (2018). A New Monetarist Model of Fiat and E-Money. Economic Inquiry
, Vol. 57, Issue. 1, pp. 498-514. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12714
Rottig, D. (2016). Institutions and emerging markets: effects and implications for multinational corporations. International Journal of Emerging Markets
, Vol. 11, Issue. 1, pp. 2-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJoEM-12-2015-0248
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Related Documents
Related Questions
Bhupatbhai
arrow_forward
A28
arrow_forward
5
arrow_forward
hello tutor provide solutions answer
arrow_forward
Please do not give solution in image format thanku
arrow_forward
hello tutor provide solutions
arrow_forward
Required information
Problem 14.056
The two machines shown are being considered for a chip manufacturing operation. Assume the MARR is a real return of
14% per year and that the inflation rate is 6.7% per year.
A
B
Machine
First Cost, $
-146,000
-820,000
-5,000
-70,000
M&O, $ per year
Salvage Value, $
40,000
200,000
Life, years
5
00
Problem 14.056.a: Compare two alternatives based on their AW values without inflation consideration
Which machine should be selected on the basis of an annual worth analysis if the estimates are in constant-value dollars? What is the
annual worth of the selected alternative?
Select machine (Click to select]:
wwwwwwwwwwww wwwwww...
The annual worth of the alternative is $
arrow_forward
Please do not give solution in image format thanku
arrow_forward
Reference: Case Study S
Dunn Manufacturing is considering the following two alternatives. The cost information for the two
proposals for replacing an equipment are provided are in table below.
Initial cost
Benefits/year
Machine X
$120,000
$20,000 for the first 10 years
and $9,000 for the next 10
years
Life
Salvage value $40,000
MARR
5.2. The NPW of machine X is
A) $35,158
B) $48,192
C) $50,752
Machine Y
$96,000
$12,000 per year for 20
years.
20 years
8%
$20,000
arrow_forward
D Question 16 A $60,000 outlay for a new machine with a usable life of 15 years is called O replacement expenditure operating expenditure O capital expenditure 4 pts O financing expenditure
arrow_forward
a- At 10%, find PW for the following Table
Warehouse cost
equipment cost
Installation cost
Annual maintenance costs
Annual Revenues
Salvage
Machine life
0
1
2
3
-90,000
b- A project with an IRR = 20%, it has the following
NCF (S)
X
X
4000
(SUS)
50,000
46.000
Find X?
6,500
8,000
45,000
15,000
15 years
arrow_forward
Manubhai
arrow_forward
Problem 5:
Platypus Corporation's managers have presented the company's management with two proposals
for expanding its production capacity. Based on the following two different alternatives, which
proposal should they adopt?
Cost of the Equipment Required
Project 1
$250,000
Working Capital Investment Required
0
Annual Cash Inflows
$65,000
Maintenance cost in year 4
$15,000
Maintenance cost in year 6
0
Salvage Value of Equipment in 8 Years
$12,000
Project 2
$100,000
$150,000
$50,000
0
$15,000
0
Both projects have a life of 8 years. In 8 years Project 2's working capital will be released and be
available to invest in other projects. The company has a discount rate of 16%
Required:
1) Calculate the net present value for each project.
2) Based solely on the net present value of the project, which alternative would you
recommend the company invest in? Why?
arrow_forward
None
arrow_forward
Cost
$150,000
Training
$17,000
Installation
$15,000
Cisco Systems is purchasing a new bar code - scanning device for its service center in San Francisco. The table on the right lists the relevant initial costs for this purchase. The service life of the
system is 4 years and its salvage value for depreciation purposes is expected to be about 28% of the hardware cost.
Cost Item
Hardware
a. What is the cost basis of the device?
b. What are the annual depreciations of the device if
(i) the SL method is used?
(ii) the 150% DB method is used?
(iii) the 200% DB method is used?
c. Calculate the book values of the device at the end of 4 years using all the methods above.
Answers:
(a) The cost basis of the device is $☐ (Round to the nearest dollar)
(b) Annual depreciaitions and book values: (Round to the nearest dollar)
SL
Year
1
2
$
3
4
Book values at
$
end of year 4
150% DB
☐
200% DB
$
$
arrow_forward
Exercise 1
The Sunshine company is considering two projects, project A and project B. Project A requires the
purchase of an equipment but no working capital investment whereas project B requires a working |
capital investment but no equipment. The relevant information for net present value analysis is given
below:
Cost of equipment
Working capital needed
Annual cash inflows
Salvage value of equipment
Project life
Project A Project B
$600,000
$160,000
$ 40,000
$600,000
$120,000
8 years
8 years
The working capital required for project B will be released at the end of project life. Sunshine company
uses an 18% discount rate.
Select the best investment using net present value (NPV) method. (Ignore income tax).
arrow_forward
man.1
arrow_forward
2
Costs and expenses Project
5
7
initial investment cost 528.000
years
additional major
maintenance in year 3
additional major
annual operation and
maintenance expense
annual labor costs 21.000
maintenance in year
Salvage value
Annual income ($)
A
Economic life
Cost
of capital
75.000
130.000
$20.000
250.000
375.000
235.000
of D
9.500
11.000
27.000
B
85.000
90.000
180.000
320.000
380.000
270.000
125.000
160.000
6
15%.
Project
B
785.000
7.850
18.000
8.000
40.000
8
15.
TOMOS
Annual Equivalent Net Income
which on
using
method
implementation determine the
need.
arrow_forward
Q3
A reactor of special design un the major item of equipment in a small chemical plant. The
initial cost of a Completely installed reactor is $ 60000 to the salvage value of the end of
the useful life is estimated to be $ 10000. The total annual expenses for the plant are $100000.
Excluding depreciation costs for the reactor. How many years of useful life should de estimated
for the reactor if 12% of the total annual expenses for the Plant are due to the cost for reactor
depreciation?
1 Add File
Page 2 of 2
Back
Submit
ever submit passwords through Google Forms.
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you

Essentials Of Investments
Finance
ISBN:9781260013924
Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.
Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,



Foundations Of Finance
Finance
ISBN:9780134897264
Author:KEOWN, Arthur J., Martin, John D., PETTY, J. William
Publisher:Pearson,

Fundamentals of Financial Management (MindTap Cou...
Finance
ISBN:9781337395250
Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Joel F. Houston
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Corporate Finance (The Mcgraw-hill/Irwin Series i...
Finance
ISBN:9780077861759
Author:Stephen A. Ross Franco Modigliani Professor of Financial Economics Professor, Randolph W Westerfield Robert R. Dockson Deans Chair in Bus. Admin., Jeffrey Jaffe, Bradford D Jordan Professor
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Related Questions
- Required information Problem 14.056 The two machines shown are being considered for a chip manufacturing operation. Assume the MARR is a real return of 14% per year and that the inflation rate is 6.7% per year. A B Machine First Cost, $ -146,000 -820,000 -5,000 -70,000 M&O, $ per year Salvage Value, $ 40,000 200,000 Life, years 5 00 Problem 14.056.a: Compare two alternatives based on their AW values without inflation consideration Which machine should be selected on the basis of an annual worth analysis if the estimates are in constant-value dollars? What is the annual worth of the selected alternative? Select machine (Click to select]: wwwwwwwwwwww wwwwww... The annual worth of the alternative is $arrow_forwardPlease do not give solution in image format thankuarrow_forwardReference: Case Study S Dunn Manufacturing is considering the following two alternatives. The cost information for the two proposals for replacing an equipment are provided are in table below. Initial cost Benefits/year Machine X $120,000 $20,000 for the first 10 years and $9,000 for the next 10 years Life Salvage value $40,000 MARR 5.2. The NPW of machine X is A) $35,158 B) $48,192 C) $50,752 Machine Y $96,000 $12,000 per year for 20 years. 20 years 8% $20,000arrow_forward
- D Question 16 A $60,000 outlay for a new machine with a usable life of 15 years is called O replacement expenditure operating expenditure O capital expenditure 4 pts O financing expenditurearrow_forwarda- At 10%, find PW for the following Table Warehouse cost equipment cost Installation cost Annual maintenance costs Annual Revenues Salvage Machine life 0 1 2 3 -90,000 b- A project with an IRR = 20%, it has the following NCF (S) X X 4000 (SUS) 50,000 46.000 Find X? 6,500 8,000 45,000 15,000 15 yearsarrow_forwardManubhaiarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Essentials Of InvestmentsFinanceISBN:9781260013924Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,
- Foundations Of FinanceFinanceISBN:9780134897264Author:KEOWN, Arthur J., Martin, John D., PETTY, J. WilliamPublisher:Pearson,Fundamentals of Financial Management (MindTap Cou...FinanceISBN:9781337395250Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Joel F. HoustonPublisher:Cengage LearningCorporate Finance (The Mcgraw-hill/Irwin Series i...FinanceISBN:9780077861759Author:Stephen A. Ross Franco Modigliani Professor of Financial Economics Professor, Randolph W Westerfield Robert R. Dockson Deans Chair in Bus. Admin., Jeffrey Jaffe, Bradford D Jordan ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education

Essentials Of Investments
Finance
ISBN:9781260013924
Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.
Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,



Foundations Of Finance
Finance
ISBN:9780134897264
Author:KEOWN, Arthur J., Martin, John D., PETTY, J. William
Publisher:Pearson,

Fundamentals of Financial Management (MindTap Cou...
Finance
ISBN:9781337395250
Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Joel F. Houston
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Corporate Finance (The Mcgraw-hill/Irwin Series i...
Finance
ISBN:9780077861759
Author:Stephen A. Ross Franco Modigliani Professor of Financial Economics Professor, Randolph W Westerfield Robert R. Dockson Deans Chair in Bus. Admin., Jeffrey Jaffe, Bradford D Jordan Professor
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education