Lab 2 Questions

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Lab 2 Q1: What layer of the atmosphere is below the stratosphere? Troposphere. Q2: What gas has a higher concentration in the stratosphere than in the troposphere? Ozone. Q3: What does the atmosphere do to most of the UV radiation from the Sun? The atmosphere includes the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The atmosphere absorbs most of the UV radiation from the sun. Q4: What three conditions are needed for CFCs to cause a “hole” in the ozone layer over Antarctica? Solar Radiation, Low Temperatures, and a surface on which the ozone- destruction process can occur. Q5: Why was the Montreal Protocol enacted and when was it signed? To phase out the production and use of CFC’s and its related compounds. January 1989 Q6: What is the range in concentrations (i.e., minimum to maximum concentrations) of stratospheric ozone during the course of the year over Atlanta? We are using Atlanta as an example of a place in the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The range in concentration varies throughout the year. The least concentration in late winter and the most concentrations in late summer. Q7: What is the range in concentrations (i.e., minimum to maximum concentrations) of stratospheric ozone during the course of the year over Antarctica? The minimum range is 100 and the max range is 315 dobson unit.

Q8: How much smaller was the minimum concentration over Antarctica compared to the minimum concentrations over Atlanta? The minimum over Antarctica is 100 and the minimum over Atlanta is 220 Q9: During what months of the year do the lowest ozone concentrations tend to occur? What season is this for Antarctica? Keep in mind that Antarctica is in the Southern Hemisphere. The lowest concentrations tends to occur during the months of September to November. The season is late winter/early summer. Q10: Why do you think the months you listed above, as opposed to winter months, had the lowest ozone concentrations? Because of the low temperature there are low solar radiation. Q11: Based on what you observed in the animation, on what day(s) did the severe destruction zone (i.e., the ozone “hole”) migrate over Tierra del Fuego? October 11 th through the 16 th Q12: How did the change in ozone concentrations affect the amount of UV radiation reaching the Earth’s surface? Because low ozone concentrations result in high UV radiation. Q13: What affect did the change in UV radiation have on the vegetation? UV causes vegetation damage to increase the higher the UV radiation increase. Q14: Based on your answers to Q12 and Q13 and the data you examined, explain whether it would be reasonable for a scientist to state that, “Significant decreases in ozone concentration over a part of the Earth can cause serious damage to plant and animal DNA.” The ozone reduction in several places across the world has led to an increase volume in UV radiation that will cause damage. Q15: How would you describe the trends in spring ozone concentrations and the “hole” area over Antarctica from 1979 to 1989? Hint: They have opposite trends. The ozone concentration decreased which caused the hole to increase. Q16: Based on your answer to Q16 (and based on what you see for the entire graph), what is the relationship between Ozone Concentration and Hole Area?

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