Quiz Answers

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Geography

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Feb 20, 2024

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OCS 2005 Quiz and Reading Questions Module 1 Quiz 1. When you tell your friends you are taking a class on ocean science, they exclaim “Don’t we already know everything about the ocean? Why would you want to study it?” Fortunately, you know there are several new frontiers of marine science from which you expect to see new discoveries in the near future. Which of the following is an area of promising new research? A: Marine biomedicine, many promising medicinal compounds have been found in the sea A: Deep sea mineral mining an inevitable new way to harvest resources from the Gulf that will require research and monitoring A: Climate adaptation; the coastal Guld will be a hot spot for coastal restoration and human climate migration 2. Which of the following were advances from the age of electronics that improved or enabled research endeavors? A: Improvements in underwater acoustics were used to understand the depth of the ocean. A: Remotely operated vehicles were used to investigate the deep sea 3. In which sea or Bay is surrounded by China Vietnam Malaysia and the Philippines? A: South China Sea 4. The following events describe parts of history of the formation of Chesapeake Bay sort the events in geological time (4) Rising sea levels flood the river valley (1) A meteor collides with the earth and forms a crater (3) Rivers carve a deep canyon during a low stage in sea level (2) River valleys converge to form one massive river valley 5. And oceanography why do we measure sea surface height to understand currents? A: see for surface height temperature and prevailing winds can be plugged into physical ocean models to estimate currents A: pressure and therefore juice traffic currents can be calculated from sea surface height because geostrophic currents follow lines of constant pressure A: it is easier to measure the sea surface height since it can be done through remote sensing satellites which will allow complete aerial coverage 6. After World War 2 fisheries for shrimp and Manhattan expanded dramatically due to what technology? A: refrigeration 7. Which of the following is the definition of an estuary? A: a marine ecosystem where freshwater meets saltwater

OCS 2005 Quiz and Reading Questions 8. match the following coastal features to the blanks letters ABC D on this diagram A: sound, lagoon, delta, fjord 9. Match the following descriptions to the appropriate North Atlantic Gyre features below A: Florida current  strong oceanic current flowing northward along eastern coast of Florida A: Loop Current  current in gulf of Mexico that bulges northward and forms eddies A: North Atlantic current  Continuation of flow of warm water northeast towards Europe A: Gulf stream  Western boundary current begins offshore of cape Hatteras and flows past eastern Canada 10. True or false compared to core sediments fine sediments have very little poor space and therefore poor drainage capabilities A: True 11. how do the currents make up the North Atlantic Gyre influence heat transfer in the Atlantic Ocean? A: the Florida current and Gulfstream bring heat to the East Coast of North America 12. the Watson break mounds were built in stages that coincided with which phenomenon? A: Periods of increased frequencies of ENSO events 13. what is the definition of sediments? A: matter broken down by erosion and transported 14. true or false since the end of Gulf of Mexico sea floor spreading about 94 MA the location of the shoreline of the gulf has not changed A: False 15. match the following facts the most appropriate subfield of oceanography A: geological oceanography  calcium carbonate shells accumulate on the sea floor and overtime produce sediments that are rich in calcium A: physical oceanography  during the crustaceous. The earth was much warmer and there was no ice covering the poles which resulted in a high sea level in shorelines that extended much further inland than they do today A: biological oceanography  shallow tropical seas promote growth of shelled organisms such as coral clams and certain types of plankton A: chemical oceanography  calcium is a nutrient and also helps the soil maintain a moisture balance in the correct salinity and acidity

OCS 2005 Quiz and Reading Questions Module 2 Quiz 1. Which of the following impact the movements of tides? - Title movements depends on geography as water sloshes back and forth in tidal basins - tides form because of the gravitational pull from the moon and sun - title form from the inertia of revolving around the center of the earth moon or earth sun system 2. How has delta switching influenced the formation of the Louisiana coastline? - As the river changed course the natural flow of fresh water and sediment resulted in periods of land building and land loss in different areas of the delta 3. What is the ultimate goal of a typical environmental lawsuit? - To force legislators to change laws to address an environmental issue - To pause an activity to take a closer look in the courts 4. Ocean waves occur as a balance between... - Gravity and a sea surface disturbance 5. A fjord would have what type of estuarine circulation pattern? - Highly stratified 6. True or false large differences in temperature or salinity between 2 water masses will prevent them from mixing. - True 7. How does a seawall accelerate coastal erosion? - The steep profile causes waves to break as they hit the wall causing water to overtop the structure in a road to the other side - after hitting the wall the water returns along the bottom of the structure scouring sediment and eroding the foot of the wall 8. True or false waves move energy long distances across the ocean surface water parcels themselves mostly move in relatively small orbit staying mostly in place. - True 9. In the northern Gulf of Mexico why does the average sea level change seasonally? - River discharge goes through seasonal cycles with highest discharge in the spring and lowest discharge in the fall. - A persistent coastal high pressure system in the winter lowers the water level and a coastal low pressure system in the summer raises the water level

OCS 2005 Quiz and Reading Questions 10. Match the following diagrams of steering circulation patterns to the appropriate name for the estuarine circulation pattern Highly stratified estuary Salt wedge estuary Partially mixed estuary Well mixed estuary

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