Assignment 4 - SYD3020

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School

Miami Dade College, Miami *

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2000

Subject

Geography

Date

Dec 6, 2023

Type

docx

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Uploaded by katelyndonis

 Dr. Frey begins his report with a description of the national context, observing that the U.S. experienced a historically low rate of population growth between July 2020 and July 2021. – What share of U.S. counties experienced natural decrease over this period? 56 major metropolitan areas (those with populations exceeding 1mil) – Net international migration has added upwards of 1 million people annually for several decades. About how many people were added through net international migration during the peak pandemic year? In the 2020-21 year it dipped to just 244,622 and 148,043 people  Dr. Frey defines major metropolitan areas as those with populations of at least 1 million. What were the annual growth rates for the 2020-2021 year for major metropolitan areas? Other (smaller) metros? Non-metropolitan areas? Major metropolitan= 0.16 smaller metros= 0.60 non metropolitan= 0.25  It’s not unusual for major metropolitan areas to experience population losses in response to economic shifts, but the pandemic was different. – How many of the nation’s 56 major metropolitan areas lost population during the peak pandemic year? How does this compare to the previous year (July 2019-July 2020)? 26 major metro areas compared with 15 in 2019-2020. – What three major metros experienced the greatest numeric losses? What three experienced the greatest gains? Greatest numeric losses= New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Chicago Greatest gains= (sun belt) Dallas, Phoenix, Houston, and Austin.  Dr. Frey looks at three drivers of urban change: net domestic (i.e., internal) migration, net international migration, and natural increase. Which of these had the drivers had the greatest demographic impact? – Describe the trend line for net domestic migration to each of the following: major metropolitan areas; other metropolitan areas; non- metropolitan areas. Domestic migration rose especially sharply for

smaller metro and non metropolitan areas, countering their continued downturns in immigration and natural increase. – What happened to the rate of out-migration from major metropolitan areas during the peak pandemic year? In what two cities was this change most noticeable? The rate of out migration more than tripled and was a major cause of overall population loss especially in New York and Los Angeles. – In how many of the 56 major metros was net international migration lower in 2020 – 2021 than in 2019 – 2020? 55 of the 56 metro areas. – How many of the major metro areas experienced natural decreases during the peak pandemic year? 10 of the metro areas led by Pittsburgh, Tampa, Fla., St. Petersburg, Cleveland, and Detroit.  Dr. Frey’s analysis also looks within the 56 major metropolitan areas to consider urban core counties and suburban counties separately. What happened to these two county types? – How many of the 48 urban core counties declined in size during the peak pandemic year? What was the major driver of this decline? 42 of the 48 with domestic out-migration being a primary component.  The final section of Dr. Frey’s report speculates about whether the nation’s major metropolitan areas will experience further decline in coming years, identifying the migration decisions of late millennials and Gen Z as key. What do you think? Has the pandemic changed your feelings about living in a major metropolitan area?

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