GEOG1010 Lab 4 ReportTemplate
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School
Carleton University *
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Course
1010
Subject
Geography
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
4
Uploaded by MateWillpowerTarsier42
Student name:
Student #:
Assignment:
Course:
GEOG 1010 (Fall 2023)
Instructor:
Elyn Humphreys
Due Date:
- - LAB 4 - -
CLIMATE DATA AND CLIMATIC CHANGE
(*Remember* these questions are paraphrased versions of those in the handout)
Introduction [5 marks]
Assignment
1-4.
Using the supplementary MS Excel file ‘
Lab 4 Climate Data
’ on Brightspace, plot the Montreal December-
February snowfall
data for 1929-2010 on an
X-Y scatter graph
. Calculate the
5-year running mean
of the
‘Snowfall’
data for the entire 82-year period and plot this on
Figure 1
. Add a simple
linear trendline
to the
5-year running
mean.
Finally, include a
caption
for Figure 1 in your report.
[23 marks]
5. Examine the
trendline
, is the snowfall trend negative, positive or roughly constant from 1929-2010? Explain how
you know this. (
Hint:
look at the y-equation)
[2 marks]
6. Examine the
5-year running mean
line (not
the trendline). During the 1970s was snowfall increasing or
decreasing?
[1 mark]
7. What are the
minimum
,
maximum
, and
average
snowfall values of the entire 82-year period? Report your
minimum, maximum, and average to 1dp in the table included in the Lab Report Template.
[4 marks]
Table 1. Minimum, maximum, and average snowfall (cm) for Montreal, QC from 1929-2010.
Snowfall (cm)
Year
Minimum (cm)
Maximum (cm)
Average (cm)
Student name:
Student #:
Assignment:
Course:
GEOG 1010 (Fall 2023)
Instructor:
Elyn Humphreys
Due Date:
8. Using MS Excel, calculate the
Climate Normal
for
Snowfall
from
1981-2010
. Remember, this is the
average
of the
30-year period. Report your answer in centimetres to 1dp
.
[2 marks]
9-11. Using the 1981-2010 Climate Normal, calculate winter
Snowfall Anomalies
for the entire
82-year period.
Anomalies show the departure of a given year’s weather from the long-term average (Climate Normal). Plot the
Snowfall Anomalies
data for 1929-2010 on a
2-D column graph
(this is
Figure 2
). Finally, include a
caption
for Figure
2 in your report.
[11 marks]
12. Based on the anomalies:
a. Describe the general trend of Montreal’s snowfall prior to 1980.
[1 mark]
b. Calculate the
Climate Normal
of the snowfall data from 1931-1960. Report your answer in centimetres to
1dp.
[2 marks]
c. How much more/less
Snowfall
(cm) occurred during 1931-1960 compared to the current climate normal
(1981-2010)? Show your calculations and report your answer in centimetres to 1dp
.
[3 marks]
d. What is this increase/decrease as a percentage (%)? Show your calculations and report your answer as % to
1dp
.
[3 marks]
13.
Figure A (in the handout)
shows a time series plot for
Mean Winter Air Temperature
and provides a
5-year
running mean
and
linear trendline (with y-equation)
. Describe the general change in winter air temperatures over
the 82-year period. (
Hint:
justify your answer with the y-equation).
[2 marks]
14.
a. Explain how the long-term trend in
Mean Winter Air Temperature
(
Figure A
) may account for the long-term
trend in
Snowfall
(
Figure 1
). (
Hint:
what general relationships do you see between the two figures)
[1 mark]
b. Are there any long-term trends in the Dec-Feb
Rainfall
data (
Figure B in the handout
) which suggest air
temperature influences snowfall? You need to compare Figures A and B (handout) with Figure 1 and explain
your answer.
[2 marks]
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