esci3

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San Diego State University *

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SSSSSSS

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Geography

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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8

Uploaded by fadedpigeon34

Progress Test 3 This Progress Test covers the course materials that were assigned in Units 5 and 6. Although the progress test is similar in style to the unit evaluations, the progress test is a closed-book, proctored test. You may not have access to notes or any of the course materials while you are taking the test. It is important that you do your own work. Select the response that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Which of these statements is true? A. Increases in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can lead to an increase in the speed of the thermohaline circulation system. B. Thermohaline circulation transports cold and very saline surface water to the South. C. Thermohaline circulation transports warm and very saline water to the North. ____ 2. Heightened public awareness of pollution problems during the 1960s led to A. the end of the preservationist movement. B. the banning of chlorofluorocarbons in spray cans during that time. C. the start of the environmental movement. ____ 3. Something that is human-centered is known as A. biocentric. B. anthropocentric. C. eccentric. ____ 4. Which of the following represents the largest potential source of methane gas? A. belching cows B. fossil fuel burning C. clathrates ____ 5. Most environmental groups carry out all of the following activities, except A. lobbying for new environmental laws. B. acting as pollution watchdogs. C. sabotaging commercial equipment. ____ 6. What includes humans as part of the natural community rather than managers of it? A. environmental ethic B. frontier ethic C. morals ____ 7. The Human Development Index is based on which three indicators? A.
life expectancy, literacy rate, and per capita GNP B. life expectancy, literacy rate, and per capita GDP C. life expectancy, death rate, and per capita GNP ____ 8. Proponents of building a large hydroelectric dam have an environmental ethic that is A. anthropocentric. B. biocentric. C. eccentric. ____ 9. Global warming can affect the human population of the world because A. extremely hot temperatures affect the number of people who die on a given day. B. a warmer climate will increase the flexibility in crop distribution and increase yields. C. a warmer climate will lead to more northward migration and provide more arable land to support the population. ____ 10. According to Garrett Hardin, why would a herdsman destroy the common grazing lands by adding too many cows? A. He will make more money by having more cows. B. He plans to move onto a frontier. C. He must share the benefits of adding more cows with his community. ____ 11. The most important cause of biodiversity loss is A. over-harvesting. B. introduction of exotics. C. habitat destruction. ____ 12. National environmental laws are sometimes hard to enforce because A. the law enforcement agencies are too understaffed to enforce them. B. they sometimes conflict with state laws and state laws take precedence. C. some agencies or officials may choose to ignore or decline to enforce a regulation for personal or political reasons. ____ 13. The Federal Clean Air Act A. established national standards for emission of pollutants into the air. B. prohibits smoking in schools and workplaces. C. established water quality standards ____ 14. Which of the following gases is not a major contributor to the greenhouse effect? A. dihydrogen monoxide
B. carbon dioxide C. chlorofluorocarbons ____ 15. Which American wildlife natural historian advocated a biocentric ethic? A. Aldo Leopold B. John Muir C. Garret Hardin ____ 16. What do carbon dioxide and methane gases do in the atmosphere? A. trap outgoing heat in the atmosphere as glass does in greenhouses B. block UV radiation from the sun C. are the most abundant gases found in greenhouses ____ 17. Many introduced exotics A. lack natural controls in their new environment. B. alter their new ecosystem in a way beneficial to other species. C. increase the overall biodiversity of their new environment. ____ 18. External costs include A. private production costs. B. energy costs of production. C. harmful environmental costs. ____ 19. An example of mitigation would be A. removal of native plants until construction is done, then replanting. B. removal of native plants and planting them somewhere else. C. removal of native plants and planting a new type in their place. ____ 20. A decrease in demand for a product causes A. a decrease in the price and supply of the product. B. an increase in the price and supply of the product. C. no change in the price or supply of the product. ____ 21. About 20% of the world’s population lives in A. developed or industrialized countries. B. pre-industrial countries. C. developing countries. ____ 22. The indigenous people of North America had little impact on the environment before the arrival of European settlers mainly because
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