Lab 7 Assignment_Online.docx

Lab 7: River Systems GEOG 1113L – Introduction to Landforms Lab Name: I. How Rivers Shape the Landscape 1. What are the two defining factors that distinguish how water moves in a stream? - Erosion & Downward slope/ gravity 2. What are the different sources of water in a stream system? - Rain, Springs, Lakes, or underground sources like aquifers. 3. What are the different names for the entire area that encompasses the main channel and all of its tributaries, all of which drain to a single point? - Stream System, Drainage basin, Watershed. 4. Describe what first-order streams are. - First-order streams are streams without tributaries. They are often headwaters that are spring-fed streams at higher elevations than the rest of the drainage basin. 5. What is stream gradient and what is its primary influence? - Stream Gradient influences the stream energy or how much work the stream can do like eroding through rock and picking up/moving sediments. - The way the river shapes landscapes. 6. Stream Load describes how much sediment a stream can carry and dissolve. 7. As the stream gradient and velocity of the river change, the stream load changes as well. High velocity carries a Large load, while low velocity carries a small load. 8. What is the difference in location between an alluvial fan and a delta? - Alluvial Fans occur at the base of a mountain and a delta occurs at the mouth of a river. 9. Describe a river with high sinuosity. - A river with high sinuosity has meanders and bens that influence how fast the stream moves. 10. In a meandering river, the inside of the river is slower and deposits sediment, while the outside of the river is faster and deeper.

II. Sediment Load Fill in the diagram below using the definitions and terms provided. Traction Rolling Grain Stream Bed Saltation Bed Load Solution (Dissolved) Load Suspended Load Stream Current

III. Drainage Patterns Visit the link below and use it to help you answer the following questions. Link: https://www.geologyin.com/2014/03/drainage-pattern.html 1. What type of drainage pattern is shown in the image above? - Centripetal drainage pattern 2. What type of fold landform did you recently learn about that would have this drainage pattern? - Basins

3. What type of drainage pattern is shown above? - Parallel drainage pattern 4. What kind of topography typically hosts this drainage pattern? - This is caused by steep slopes often found in areas with uniform rock resistance. 5. What type of drainage pattern is shown above? - Trellis drainage pattern 6. Describe two environmental implications for this drainage pattern. - Makes it hard to develop land because of the ridges and valleys associated with the drainage pattern. - Can increase the risk of flooding due to the straight channelized nature, causing it to overflow easily during heavy rains.

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